Virtual surgery brings back smiles

Millions of children worldwide are born with defects known as cleft lips and palates. These defects cause major deformities to a person's face, and can lead to other health problems. Unfortunately, many children with such defects cannot afford the surgery required to correct the problem. The Smile Train is a charity which provides free training, education and equipment to help local doctors perform reconstructive surgery on children in poorer countries. The, factors making The Smile Train a success include a global network of partners and programs in combination with leveraging technology to accelerate learning results. The technology comes in three forms: an online searchable library containing thousands of research articles related to cleft surgery; Smile Train Express, a free, secure, Web-based patient database accessible to the global cleft community; and a virtual surgery CD-ROM collection that includes training videos. The CD-ROM content leverages the power of virtual technology and advanced 3D animation software.     

Virtual reality training for assembly of hybrid medical devices

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Skill training in the medical device manufacturing industry is essential to optimize and expedite the efficiency level of new workers. This process, however,...     

Multi-touch table system for medical visualization: application to orthopedic surgery planning

Medical imaging plays a central role in a vast range of healthcare practices. The usefulness of 3D visualizations has been demonstrated for many types of treatment planning. Nevertheless, full access to 3D renderings outside of the radiology department is still scarce even for many image-centric specialties. Our work stems from the hypothesis that this under-utilization is partly due to existing visualization systems not taking the prerequisites of this application domain fully into account. We have developed a medical visualization table intended to better fit the clinical reality. The overall design goals were two-fold: similarity to a real physical situation and a very low learning threshold. This paper describes the development of the visualization table with focus on key design decisions. The developed features include two novel interaction components for touch tables. A user study including five orthopedic surgeons demonstrates that the system is appropriate and useful for this application domain.     

Artificial intelligence medical system and dexmedetomidine for postoperative analgesia in orthopedic surgery patients

An embedded device is an object in the creation of a unique computing system. An embedded device system, usually, will be executed as a single application. However, these devices can be connected via a network connection. It can communicate via the other network devices. Also used lower reported pain scores at rest and activity using the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) in the first 24 h after surgery, it is reduced compared to the control group. The author dexmedetomil is, there is an opioid-sparing effect; its use is considered to be able to promote the postoperative analgesia. Total Knee Arthroplasty (TKA) reduces the most common end-stage variant of the operation of joint disease and Knee of patients with rheumatoid arthritis joint pain. However, TKA is postoperative recovery, affecting patient satisfaction, and overall results have continued severe postoperative pain, from moderate. Generally, narcotics have been utilized for perioperative agony the executives in broadly TKA. In any case, drugs and the constraint of sickness in clinical practice, such as respiratory sadness and urinary maintenance, have been related to unwanted unfavorable impacts—the motivation behind to examine the recent decision of postoperative torment the executives for TKA. Multimodal analgesia, including preemptive analgesics, is the best solution for perioperative pain management through several delivery routes. Multimodal analgesia, to promote the recovery of providing knee excellent pain relief, reduces the side effects of patients receiving opioid consumption and TKA.     

Virtual reality in training: an experimental study with firefighters

Multimedia Tools and Applications - Training with Virtual Reality (VR) can bring several benefits, such as the reduction of costs and risks. We present an experimental study that aims to evaluate...     

装甲车辆电气设备虚拟维修训练系统

利用Virtools 5.0和Visual C#2008软件平台联合开发的方式,结合某型装甲车辆电气设备,建立装甲车辆电气设备虚拟维修训练系统原型。介绍了系统的功能、体系结构和组成,重点研究了实现该系统的关键技术,包括基于Virtools的二次开发、基于Access的数据库开发、基于Project的拆装序列描述。     

下颌骨骨折虚拟手术培训系统研究

针对下颌骨骨折手术操作技能要求高的特点,使用Unity3D和HTC VIVE进行用于培训和术前模拟的虚拟手术系统的开发。将虚拟手术系统分为三维模型模块、光照系统模块、交互系统模块和手术室瞬间移动模块,对下颌骨骨折手术的场景、交互和手术过程进行模拟。结果表明此虚拟手术系统具有良好的真实感、沉浸感和交互性,能有效引导操作者完成手术流程,达成进行手术训练、模拟的目的。     

Ergonomic factors on task performance in laparoscopic surgery training

This paper evaluates the effect of ergonomic factors on task performance and trainee posture during laparoscopic surgery training. Twenty subjects without laparoscopic experience were allotted into 2 groups. Group 1 was trained under the optimal ergonomic simulation setting according to current ergonomic guidelines (Condition A). Group 2 was trained under non-optimal ergonomic simulation setting that can often be observed during training in a skills lab (Condition B). Posture analysis showed that the subjects held a much more neutral posture under Condition A than under Condition B (p < 0.001). The subjects had less joint excursion and experienced less discomfort in their neck, shoulders, and arms under Condition A. Significant difference in task performance between Conditions A and B (p < 0.05) was found. This study shows that the optimal ergonomic simulation setting leads to better task performance. In addition, no significant differences of task performance, for Groups 1 and 2 using the same test setting were found. However, better performance was observed for Group 1. It can be concluded that the optimal and non-optimal training setting have different learning effects on trainees’ skill learning.     

A haptic interface for computer-integrated endoscopic surgery and training

Haptic feedback has the potential to provide superior performance in computer-integrated surgery and training. This paper discusses the design of a user interface that is capable of providing force feedback in all the degrees of freedom (DOFs) available during endoscopic surgery. Using the Jacobian matrix of the haptic interface and its singular values, methods are proposed for analysis and optimization of the interface performance with regard to the accuracy of force feedback, the range of applicable forces, and the accuracy of control. The haptic user interface is used with a sensorized slave robot to form a master–slave test-bed for studying haptic interaction in a minimally invasive environment. Using the master–slave test-bed, teleoperation experiments involving a single degree of freedom surgical task (palpation) are conducted. Different bilateral control methods are compared based on the transparency of the master–slave system in terms of transmitting the critical task-related information to the user in the context of soft-tissue surgical applications.     

Computer-based virtual reality simulator for phacoemulsification cataract surgery training

Recent research in virtual reality indicates that computer-based simulators are an effective technology to use for surgeons learning to improve their surgical skills in a controlled environment. This article presents the development of a virtual reality simulator for phacoemulsification cataract surgery training, which is the most common surgical technique currently being used to remove cataracts from the patient’s eyes. The procedure requires emulsifying the cloudy natural lens of the eye and restoring vision by implanting an artificial lens through a small incision. The four main procedures of cataract surgery, namely corneal incision, capsulorhexis, phacoemulsification, and intraocular lens implantation, are incorporated in the simulator for virtual surgical training by implementing several surgical techniques. The surgical activity that are applied on the anatomy of the human eye, such as incision, grasping, tearing, emulsification, rotation, and implantation, are simulated in the system by using different types of mesh modifications. A virtual reality surgical simulator is developed, and the main procedures of phacoemulsification cataract surgery are successfully simulated in the system. The simulation results of the training system show that the developed simulator is capable of generating a virtual surgical environment with faithful force feedback for medical residents and trainees to conduct their training lessons via the computer using a pair of force-feedback haptic devices. In addition, the successful simulation of the mesh modifications on the human eyeball with visual realism and faithful force feedback throughout the surgical operation shows that the developed simulator is able to serve as a virtual surgical platform for surgeons to train their surgical skills.     

Virtual reality training system for maintenance and operation of high-voltage overhead power lines

The maintenance of high-voltage overhead power lines involves high-risk procedures; the accidents involving live lines maintenance can be lethal. This paper presents the architecture and main features of a novel non-immersive virtual reality training system for maintenance of high-voltage overhead power lines. The general aim of this work was to provide electric utilities a suitable workforce training system to train and to certify operators working in complex and unsafe environments. The developed system has three components: the virtual warehouse, interactive 3D environments, and a learning management system. The workforce training system consists of thirty-one maintenance maneuvers, including the application of different techniques and equipment designed for various structures. Additionally, the system, using 3D animations, illustrates the safety conditions required before starting the maintenance procedures. To fit the worker’s different skill levels, the system has three operation modes: learning, practice, and evaluation, which can be accessed according to the trainee’s level of knowledge. The system is currently used to train thousands of overhead power lines operators of an electric utility in Mexico. The system has demonstrated to be a cost-effective tool for transferring skills and knowledge to new workers while reducing the time and money invested in their training.     

Virtual reality and haptics for dental surgery: a personal review

Virtual reality and haptics are novel human-machine interaction technologies which have shown a good application potential in many fields such as medical, entertainment, manufacturing, and education areas in the last 20 years. Especially for dental surgery simulation and training, they provide a new and low-cost approach whereby dentists can practice procedures as many times as they want at no incremental cost and training can take place anywhere. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of virtual reality and haptics for dental surgery simulation and training. Some new ideas and recent research progress are investigated, the major research efforts and their typical systems are introduced, and the involved major research issues are summarized, and finally future trends and conclusions are discussed.     

Virtual reality sports auxiliary training system based on embedded system and computer technology

Virtual Reality technology, the complex environment can be a simulated, traditional sports courses at the stadium, equipment, it is due to limitations such as safety, to provide scientific and accurate teaching and learning's, a complex by visualizing the theoretical knowledge in the abstract sport, you can get more technical knowledge. Compared to the traditional physical education activities, simulate sports scene only by generating VR panoramas that cannot be virtual reality technology. Based on this, you can improve the enthusiasm and athletic ability of students effectively. Because of immaturity and high-priced equipment of VR technology, at present, people that education is using unpopular making, carefully virtual reality technology. In this context, we can apply virtual reality technology to sports training, which can obtain more effective training effect. In the first part of this paper, we talk about the research of virtual reality panorama, the second part about the research of virtual reality video, the third part about the application of virtual reality in physical education teaching, and the fourth part is the conclusion and investigation process. In the study, VR, as a new technology, found that you have the prospect of a wide range of applications. As long as it has been used in scientific and rational, you can VR is to promote the level of improvement and sports greatly sports scene. Users can increase users' interest; it can be immersed in a variety of preset virtual locations. Therefore, in the VR device, which allows the user to improve the experience of the VR device, you can interact well in a virtual scene.     

基于VR+AR技术的电缆接头制作虚拟培训系统设计

设计了一种基于VR+AR技术的电缆接头制作虚拟培训系统.首先通过VR虚拟现实和AR增强现实技术模拟电缆接头制作场景,并在场景中添加电缆接头组件和工具箱供制作人员操作和使用;其次通过深度学习方法捕捉和识别制作人员手部动作,并与标准动作进行对比来判别其动作规范性,从而可以对受训人员进行考核,完成反馈互动.整个系统包括理论学...     

Virtual reality for fire safety training: study of factors involved in immersive learning

Virtual Reality - For several years, virtual reality (VR) has been increasingly used in many fields, including learning. It has shown many benefits such as increased learner’s safety and...     

Simulation-based surgical training systems in laparoscopic surgery: a current review

Virtual Reality - Simulation-based training has been widely used in medical education. More specifically, various systems for minimally invasive surgery training have been proposed in the past two...     

Virtual environments for social skills training: comments from two adolescents with autistic spectrum disorder

Previous research has shown that computer-based tasks can motivate people with autism and encourage learning. As a computer-based medium, Virtual Environments (VEs) offer a potentially useful tool for social skills training for people with autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, there are some concerns over whether people with ASDs can understand, use and interpret the technology appropriately. This paper adopts a qualitative case-study approach to report observations of, and comments from, two adolescent boys with ASDs, gathered during a series of sessions using a virtual café and bus environment. Although there were signs of repetitive behaviours, literal interpretation of the scenes, and that the VEs were treated as not having real-world relevance, these were not the dominant modes of responding. Instead, participants seemed to interpret the scenes meaningfully and appreciated the opportunities to discuss appropriate social responses with a facilitator sitting alongside. They enjoyed using the VEs and provided specific examples of how the VEs had helped, or could help, them in the real world. This gives encouraging support for the idea that VEs can be used and interpreted meaningfully by at least some students with ASDs. The paper concludes with some considerations for the future development of VEs for members of this population.