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丝素蛋白在离子液体中的溶解特性研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章以离子液体为溶剂,研究了丝素蛋白在离子液体中的溶解特性。首先研究了丝素蛋白在不同结构的离子液体1-烯丙基-3-甲基咪唑氯化物([AMIM]C1)和1-丁基-3_-甲基咪唑氯化物([BMIM]c1)中的溶解速率和溶解度。结果发现,相同条件下,丝素蛋白在[AMIM]cl中具有较快的溶解速率和较大的溶解度;随温度的升高,溶解速度加快,合适的温度为95~105℃;随着丝素蛋白浓度的增大,相同条件下丝素蛋白在离子液体中的溶解速度减慢。XRD结果表明,丝素蛋白的非晶相部分首先被溶解,晶相部分结构被破坏后与溶剂作用逐渐被溶解。采用粘度法测定了丝素蛋白分子质量随溶解时间和温度的变化,结果表明:随加热时间增加和温度升高,蛋白质分子质量减小。为保证丝素蛋白的稳定性和溶解速率,温度一般控制在100℃以下,溶解时间小于5h。 相似文献
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以聚丙烯(PP)和三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)等为原料,采用完全动态硫化共混技术制备EPDM/PP热塑性弹性体(TPV),使用毛细管流变仪对TPV熔体的流变特性进行测试。分别研究了剪切速率、挤出温度对黏度、剪切应力和挤出胀大比的影响,以及不同条件下熔体流过毛细管口模时流速对压力降的影响。结果表明,TPV熔体是假塑性流体,其剪切应力随剪切速率增大而增大,随挤出温度的升高而降低;黏度随剪切速率和挤出温度的增大而降低;挤出胀大比则随剪切速率和挤出温度的增大而增大;毛细管口模的压力降也随流速和毛细管口模长度的增大而增大。 相似文献
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EPDM橡胶的流变特性实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了研究橡胶熔体流变性能对其加工成型的影响,利用毛细管流变仪对三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)的流变特性进行了实验研究。实验结果表明:EPDM橡胶在毛细管挤出时,剪切速率对剪切应力、剪切粘度和挤出胀大的影响最大;挤出温度对三者有一定的影响;在长径比相同时,毛细管半径对剪切应力和剪切粘度几乎没有影响,但对挤出胀大影响较大。 相似文献
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用毛细管流变仪研究了含填料丁基橡胶的流变特性。结果表明,温度和剪切速率对胶料黏度和挤出膨胀率的影响十分明显。选择和控制适当的加工温度和速度,是保证该胶料顺利加工的关键。 相似文献
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吴文倩;贾青青;高伦巴根;项爱民 《中国塑料》2011,25(8):69-74
采用毛细管流变仪对PVA流变性能进行了表征,用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了降温速率对PVA结晶性能的影响,通过PVA添加化学发泡剂熔融挤出的方法制备PVA发泡材料,并用扫描电镜和密度测试仪分别对发泡材料的泡孔形态和密度进行了表征。结果表明,PVA对剪切作用非常敏感,在低剪切速率下熔体粘度较大,泡孔分布均匀,材料密度较小,在高剪切作用下熔体强度低,气体容易逃逸,导致发泡材料泡孔破裂或合并;低降温速率下熔体粘度小,泡孔易合并、塌陷,合适的降温速度下,PVA熔体粘度适中,发泡材料气泡尺寸小、分布均匀,较快的降温速度下,由于气体压力过大而造成气泡合并,联通,材料密度大。 相似文献
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叙述了采用发电厂工业废弃物粉煤灰中取出的粉煤灰玻璃微珠作为填充物,对超高分子量聚乙烯进行加工改性,使其能改变加工流动性,实现连续挤出成型。分析了粉煤灰玻璃微珠在材料中所加入的不同比例对体系各个主要力学性能的影响,这些性能包括摩擦、磨损性能、冲击性能、拉伸性能、断裂伸长率和硬度。 相似文献
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Chin-San Wu Hsin-Tzu Liao Jheng-Jie Jhang Jen-Taut Yeh Chi-Yuan Huang San-Lang Wang 《Polymer Bulletin》2013,70(11):3221-3239
The thermal, mechanical, and biodegradation properties of composite materials made from polylactide (PLA) and rice straw fibre (RSF) were evaluated. To improve the properties of PLA/RSF composites, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA)-grafted polylactide (PLA-g-GMA) and treated (crosslinked) rice straw fibre (TRSF) were used to prepare the composites. The result showed that PLA-g-GMA/TRSF had noticeably superior mechanical properties compared with PLA/RSF because of greater compatibility between the polymer and TRSF. The dispersion of TRSF in the PLA-g-GMA matrix was more homogeneous, because branched and crosslinked macromolecules formed via condensation of the glycidyl methacrylate groups of PLA-g-GMA and the hydroxyl groups in TRSF. In addition, the PLA-g-GMA/TRSF composites were more easily processed because of their lower melt viscosities. The water resistance of PLA-g-GMA/TRSF was higher than that of PLA/RSF, although the weight loss of composites buried in soil compost indicated that both were biodegradable, especially at high levels of RSF substitution. The PLA/RSF and PLA-g-GMA/TRSF composites were more biodegradable than was pure PLA. 相似文献
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采用在材料熔融挤出共混过程中提高双螺杆挤出机螺杆转速的方法,研究了较高螺杆转速条件下双螺杆挤出机的机械剪切应力和弹性体的种类、用量等因素对丙烯腈-丁二烯-苯乙烯共聚物(ABS)/聚苯乙烯(PS)共混材料力学性能和加工流动性能的影响。结果表明,双螺杆挤出机的高剪切应力可促进分散相颗粒的分散和界面结合力的增强,引起共混材料力学性能和熔体流动速率的改善。丁腈橡胶(NBR)粉末对ABS/PS共混材料具有增容增韧作用,挤出共混温度为220℃,螺杆转速在720 r/min,NBR粉末质量分数为10%时,ABS/PS共混材料的缺口冲击强度为16.4 kJ/m2,比改性前约提高1.6倍,达到ABS树脂冲击韧性的指标,并保持了良好的加工流动性。 相似文献
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In this study, we prepared regenerated silk fibroin (RSF) aqueous solution to approach the environmental condition in the gland of silkworm, Bombyx mori. Then electrospinning technique was used to prepare the silk fibers. The results showed that pH and concentration had a remarkable influence on the properties of RSF aqueous solutions. With the increase in concentration and the decrease in pH, the rheological behavior of RSF aqueous solutions exhibited a transition from Newtonion fluid to non-Newtonion fluid. At the same time, lowering the pH could induce gel formation and decrease the electrospinnable concentration of RSF aqueous solutions. With the decrease in pH and concentration, the morphology of the electrospun silk fibers changed from belt-like shape to uniform cylinder. The conformation of the electrospun silk fibers was characterized by RS, WAXD and DSC. It was found that electrospun fibers were predominantly random coil/silk I conformation. 相似文献
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分别以单或双官能化乙烯类弹性体E-nBA、E-MA-GMA和E-AE-MAH为增韧剂,通过熔融共混挤出,对聚碳酸酯(PC)/聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)(50/50)合金进行增韧.研究了增韧剂含量对合金的力学性能、流动性能、热变形温度的影响;用DSC研究了共混物的非等温结晶行为;并且通过SEM对共混物的断面形貌进行了分... 相似文献
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LDPE熔体在圆锥型短口模挤出过程的粘弹行为研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
主要研究不同入口圆锥角短口模流道挤出流动过程中聚合物熔体的粘弹特性,以及在口模流动过程压力损失,入口弹性贮能和挤出胀大比之间的关系。对于不同的口模入口角,有不同的剪切速率与剪切应力的规律,流变曲线各自不同。同时,不同的圆锥入口角,表现出不同的Bagley校正因子对应不同的挤出胀大值,反映了聚合物熔体在不同圆锥入口角短口模挤出过程拉伸弹性形变特性的差异。聚合物熔体在不同入口圆锥角短口模挤出流动过程的压力降,依赖口模流道的几何形状(入口角、长径比)、温度、流动速率等,入口损失主要归因于拉伸形变的弹性贮能。 相似文献
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以木塑/超临界二氧化碳(WPC/Sc-CO2)复合材料为研究对象,采用有限元分析软件Polyflow对不同尺寸的挤出发泡机头内的流场进行数值模拟,研究机头尺寸对WPC/Sc-CO2复合材料泡孔成核的影响。结果表明,增加挤出发泡机头内毛细管段长度对机头内压力降速率和泡孔成核点距离机头出口的位置影响很小;而减小挤出发泡机头内毛细管段直径可增加机头内压力降速率,同时使泡孔成核点的位置更靠近机头出口。 相似文献
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Yanhua Liu Mei Huang Dongdan Cai Jun Sun Chuanxiang Qin Lixing Dai Jianjun Wang 《Iranian Polymer Journal》2012,21(8):523-530
A series of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/regenerated silk fibroin (RSF)/nano-silicon dioxide (nano-SiO2) blend films were prepared by solution casting method, in which nano-SiO2 was obtained via sol?Cgel process. The structure, properties, and morphology of the films related to the compatibility were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). XRD peaks of PVA/RSF/nano-SiO2 (1.0?wt?%) blends decreased in intensity indicated that formation of PVA and RSF crystal lattices was hindered by nano-SiO2 particles. FTIR spectroscopy analysis of PVA/RSF/nano-SiO2 films confirmed that both Si?CO?CC linkage and hydrogen bonding were formed among PVA, RSF, and nano-SiO2. SEM showed that there was no obvious phase separation in PVA/RSF/nano-SiO2 (1.0?wt?%) film although small uniform blur particles can still be found. In addition, TEM showed nano-particles were well dispersed through the PVA/RSF polymer matrix. Besides, the observed shift in glass transition temperatures (T g) and improvement in thermal properties of composite films suggested the enhanced compatibility due to interfacial bonding and intermolecular interactions. Therefore, these results indicated that the compatibility of PVA/RSF was improved effectively by the addition of nano-SiO2. 相似文献