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离子液体固定CO2及其转化利用的研究进展 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
综述了新型绿色溶剂离子液体在CO2固定和转化利用领域的应用研究进展.根据离子液体的结构特征和CO2的固定机理,离子液体固定CO2可以分为常规离子液体固定、功能化离子液体固定和离子液体固定转化.常规离子液体固定CO2为物理作用过程,功能化离子液体固定CO2为化学作用过程,而离子液体固定转化CO2的过程在固定CO2的同时又实现了CO2从工业废气直接到有用化学品的转变.因此,设计合成高效的功能化离子液体来实现CO2的固定转化一体化将具有重要的意义. 相似文献
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简要介绍了阳离子型氨基酸离子液体、阴离子型氨基酸离子液体等氨基酸离子液体的类型.详细描述了中和法和复分解法制备氨基酸离子液体的过程.讨论了氨基酸离子液体在催化不对称Michael加成反应、手性分离、均相催化等方面的应用. 相似文献
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综述了不同结构离子液体对Diels-Alder反应的影响,总结了大量国内外有关离子液体中Diels-Alder反应. 分别从极性、酸性和黏度的角度分析了离子液体结构变化对Diels-Alder反应产物选择性或反应速率的影响. 讨论了离子液体中所能形成的氢键种类、咪唑类阳离子C(2)位取代情况、离子液体的Lewis酸性或Br?nsted酸性、离子液体黏度和反应体系黏度等因素的影响. 采用量子化学密度泛函理论计算了反应活化能、反应物的亲电性和过渡态C?C键长. 结果表明,离子液体的独特结构能降低反应活化能,同时增加反应过程中成键的不协同性. 指出未来的发展方向是通过对离子液体物理性质更深入的研究,基于反应机理合成功能化离子液体,进一步优化反应,发展新型、高效、绿色的Diels-Alder反应,从而扩大其应用. 相似文献
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离子液体及其功能化设计 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
作为一种新型高效的绿色溶剂,离子液体具有优异的物理化学性质及其异于传统溶剂的特性,近来受到广泛关注.通过设计调整离子液体阴阳离子的结构,可以根据需要合成具有独特功能的离子液体.本文着重介绍了离子液体的概念、性质及其功能化设计方面的研究进展. 相似文献
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Ionic liquids 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
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TERRY A. MICHALSKE BRUCE C. BUNKER S. W. FREIMAN 《Journal of the American Ceramic Society》1986,69(10):721-724
Slow crack growth data, surface reaction studies, and solubility results for sapphire and magnesium fluoride crystals are used to identify stress corrosion mechanisms for each material. Results suggest that stress corrosion in sapphire proceeds by the dissociative chemisorption of environmental species on strained crack tip bonds. Crack growth rates measured in nonaqueous environments and isotopically labeled water suggest that ion solvation rather than dissociative chemisorption dominates the crack tip interaction in magnesium fluoride. 相似文献
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Supramolecular structures assembled via noncovalent interactions have found diverse applications in mechanical, biological, electronic, and manufacturing-related fields. Ionic interactions represent key noncovalent interactions, which can be used, for example, to create highly ordered, responsive, conductive, reversible, and/or viscoelastic supramolecular assemblies. The recent advances in the field of ionic supramolecular assemblies, including those prepared from polymers, small molecules, or a combination of the two are reviewed. The versatility and simplicity of constructing ionic supramolecular assemblies are illustrated through several examples. Finally, the outstanding issues and potential opportunities are discussed to stimulate critical discussions and encourage further discovery. 相似文献
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Ionic liquids in separations 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ionic liquids are liquids composed completely of ions. In the past two decades, ionic liquids have been widely used as "green solvents" replacing traditional organic solvents for organic synthesis and catalysis. In addition, ionic liquids are playing an increasingly important role in separation science. In this Account, the application of ionic liquids in all areas of separation science including extractions, gas chromatography, and supported liquid membrane processes are highlighted. 相似文献