含芴稀土配合物催化MMA聚合活性研究(英文)

合成了2个含吡啶亚甲基修饰芴配体的二价稀土金属有机配合物[η5∶η1-(C5H4NCH2C13H8)]2LnⅡ[Ln=Yb(1),Eu(2)],发现其对甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合具有高的催化活性。研究了配合物1,2作为单一组分催化剂催化甲基丙烯酸甲酯聚合的性能,结果表明,温度、溶剂、催化剂和单体的物质的量比对催化剂的活性、聚合物分子量的分布及规整度有明显影响。     

希夫碱钛配合物催化D,L-丙交酯本体开环合成聚乳酸

合成了一种新型双核希夫碱钛配合物,并将此作为催化剂用于D,L型丙交酯本体开环聚合,采用FT-IR、NMR、GPC对合成产物进行表征,研究结果表明该配合物具有催化丙交酯开环较高的催化活性和分子量可控性（PDI=1.09～1.24）。同时进一步研究了该催化剂用量,聚合温度及聚合时间对聚合反应的影响,发现在单体与催化剂摩尔比为2600,聚合时间为16h,聚合温度为160℃时,可得到数均分子质量Mn=9.058×104,PDI=1.16的聚乳酸材料。     

(N^O^S)三齿配体的钴配合物催化异戊二烯聚合的研究

采用含氮氧硫三齿配体与无水氯化钴反应制得一系列相应的(N^O^S)钴配合物,研究了该系列钴配合物对异戊二烯聚合的催化性能。在助催化剂AlEt2Cl的活化下,该系列钴配合物对异戊二烯聚合表现出高的催化活性。考察了不同单体浓度、助催化剂用量(Al/Co物质的量比)、聚合温度以及催化剂的配体环境等因素对聚合反应和聚合产物性能的影响。通过凝胶渗透色谱法(GPC)和核磁共振氢谱(1 H-NMR)对聚合产物进行表征。结果显示,所得异戊二烯分子量(Mn)在30000~242000,分子量分布在1.14~2.38之间。     

新型水杨醛亚胺钛配合物的合成及催化乙烯聚合

以价廉的水杨醛和Ti Cl4为主要原料,合成了四种水杨醛亚胺配体(5-8)及含(双苯氧基亚胺)配体的钛配合物[O-C6H4-ortho-CH=N-2,6-(i-Pr)2-C6H3]2Ti Cl2(13),[O-(5-NO2)-C6H3-ortho-CH=N-2,6-(i-Pr)2-C6H3]2Ti Cl2(14),[O-(3,5-di-Br)-C6H2-orthoCH=N-2,6-(i-Pr)2-C6H3]2Ti Cl2(15)和[O-(3,5-di-C(CH3)3)-C6H2-ortho-CH=N-2,6-(i-Pr)2-C6H3]2Ti Cl2(16)。用MS、1H-NMR和元素分析等手段表征了配体5-8分子结构,用1H-NMR和元素分析表征了配合物13-16的分子结构。经MAO(甲基铝氧烷)活化后,钛配合物(13-16)在甲苯溶剂中能有效催化乙烯聚合。在60℃,2.0 MPa及助催化剂与主催化剂摩尔比n(MAO)/n(cat)=1500∶1条件下钛配合物(14-16)催化乙烯聚合活性为1022.73-1302.27 g·PE/(mmol·Ti·h·MPa)),远高于无取代水杨醛亚胺钛配合物(13)。所得聚乙烯粘均分子量(粘度法)为19266-44754,GPC测定分子量分布Mw/Mn为1.88-2.12。具有最高活性的催化剂15催化乙烯聚合得到的聚合物样品,经13C-NMR和DSC的表征,结果表明为线型结晶聚乙烯。     

亚胺基吡啶铁配合物/茂金属催化乙烯原位共聚中的共单体效应

研究了亚胺基吡啶铁配合物{[(2-Me-4-R-C6H4N=C(Me))2C5H3N]FeCl2}(1R=Br,2R=OMe)分别与茂金属Et[Ind]2ZrCl2复配催化乙烯原位共聚中的共单体效应．探讨了齐聚催化剂的活性和聚合反应温度对共单体效应的影响,以及共单体效应对所得产物物理性能的影响．结果表明,随着齐聚催化剂活性的降低,出现共单体效应时两种主催化剂的最佳配比值增加;聚合温度的升高使最高活性值下降．共单体效应对所得共聚物的物理性能影响不明显．     

新型多核苊二亚胺镍配合物复合负载催化剂催化乙烯聚合

制备了两种多核苊二亚胺镍配合物N imL1C l2m和N imL2C l2m,并将其负载于M gC l2和S iO2上制备复合载体催化剂,与通用烷基铝组成新的催化体系催化乙烯聚合。研究结果表明,在A lE t2C l为助催化剂的条件下,两种多核苊二亚胺镍配合物能高效催化乙烯进行聚合,制得不同支链的各种支化聚乙烯;聚合条件对乙烯聚合活性和产物性能有较大的影响。制得产物的支链使聚乙烯的熔融峰变宽,并且支化度越高,熔融峰越宽。     

2,2,2-胺三乙酰-苯胺及其稀土配合物的合成、表征与荧光性质

为了研究三脚架型配体稀土配合物的组成、可能的配位状态及荧光性质,合成了三脚架型配体--2,2,2-胺三乙酰苯胺(L)及其6个稀土配合物.用红外光谱,核磁共振波谱,元素分析,差热-热重,摩尔电导等方法表征了配体及其配合物的组成、配位形式及荧光性质.结果表明,L的化学式为C24H24N4O3,与稀土硝酸盐配位,且n(L):n(Re)=1:1,在DMF中为2:1型电解质,其中,2个NO3-均与金属离子以单齿形式配位;荧光分析表明Tb(Ⅲ)配合物的荧光强度与溶液的pH值有关,并且在中性溶液中荧光强度最大;在分子偶极矩较大的溶剂中,荧光强度最强.说明该配体是较好的稀土荧光敏化剂.     

铽与5-氨基间苯二甲酸配合物的合成及发光性能

稀土有机配合物荧光材料是材料、化学、信息等领域近年来的研究热点。本文在水溶液中合成了铽与5-氨基间苯二甲酸配合物,紫外灯辐照下,配合物能发出明亮的绿光。元素分析表明其组成为TbLCl.H2O(L=C6H3NH2(COO)22-),配合物的紫外吸收主要是配体的吸收,红外吸收光谱表明配合物中铽与羰基氧双齿螯合配位;荧光光谱表明配合物具有良好的荧光性能,激发谱带很宽,最佳激发波长为359nm,与配体的吸收一致,发射光谱为Tb3+离子的特征光谱,发光强度最高的是波长为545.8nm的5D4→7F5跃迁。     

α-二亚胺合镍氯化物/MgCl2(THF)2负载催化剂合成支化聚乙烯

以MgCl2(THF)2负载 [C6H5-N=C (CH3)C(CH3)=N-C6H5]NiCl2和AlEt2Cl组成的催化体系进行乙烯聚合,庚烷为溶剂制备支化聚乙烯(w=24000～34000).聚合条件如助催化剂、铝镍摩尔比、聚合温度和金属镍浓度对催化活性有很大的影响.负载催化剂在AlEt2Cl为助催化剂、聚合温度14 ℃、铝镍摩尔比80、金属镍浓度0.18 mmol/L的条件下催化活性达到51 kg PE/mol Ni·h.聚乙烯的支化度随着聚合温度的升高而迅速增加,受铝镍摩尔比的影响不大.     

邻-酚羟基取代N-杂环卡宾[C，O]螯合烯丙基钯配合物／MAO催化降冰片烯的聚合

研究了以3种N-杂环卡宾[C,O]螯合烯丙基钯配合物(NHC-Pd)1、2和3为催化剂,甲苯为溶剂,甲基铝氧烷(MAO)为助催化剂催化降冰片烯(NBE)的聚合。考察了催化剂2在不同反应温度、n(Al)/n(Pd)以及n(NBE)/n(Pd)等因素影响下的催化活性和聚合物性能。结果表明,该催化体系对降冰片烯系具有高催化活性,最高活性可达到3.2×107gPNBE/(mol Pd.h)。聚合物具有很好的耐热性能,其热分解温度高于400℃。通过对聚合产物FT-IR分析判断,降冰片烯聚合反应以烯烃加成聚合方式进行。     

A Quantitative Method for Determination of Lactide Composition in Poly(lactide) Using (1)H NMR

A method has been developed to quantitatively determine the composition of d-lactide and meso-lactide stereoisomer impurities in poly(lactide) containing predominantly l-lactide. In this method, the stereosequence information obtained from a few well-resolved resonances in the (1)H NMR spectrum representing RR and R stereogenic defects is used. The d-lactide and meso-lactide as minor components lead to RR and R stereogenic defects, respectively, which influence the isotactic chain length distribution and hence affect the polymer properties. Analytical equations relating the stereosequence probability to the lactide feed composition are not available due the complicated kinetics involved for the melt polymerization; viz. the preference for syndiotactic lactide addition decreases with reducing residual lactide concentration in the batch process. Hence, empirical correlations were determined by least-squares fit to the predictions for the specific stereosequence probabilities provided by Monte Carlo calculations of a number of lactide stereocopolymerizations. The Monte Carlo calculations simulate the kinetics observed for melt polymerization at 180 °C catalyzed by Sn(II) bis(2-ethylhexanoate) (Sn(II) octoate) in a 1:10 000 catalyst/lactide ratio.     

Thermosensitive nanocontainers prepared from poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-(hydroxylmethyl) acrylamide)-g-poly(lactide)

Thermally-responsive graft copolymer of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-(hydroxylmethyl)acrylamide)-g-poly(lactide) was synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of D,L-lactide (LA). The polymerization was initiated by the hydroxy group of poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide-co-N-(hydroxylmethyl) acrylamide), using stannous octoate as catalyst. The resulting polymer was temperature-sensitive and the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was affected by their composition. The chemical structure and physical properties of the grafted copolymers were investigated by various methods. Nanocontainers formed from the self-assembly of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-(hydroxylmethyl) acrylamide)-g-poly(lactide) were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and a spherical structure was observed. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) results indicate that the particle size increased with the increase of polylactide content in the copolymer. The properties of this polymer are interesting for both industrial application and fundamental research. In particular it will combine a spatial specificity in a passive manner and a temperature-responsive active targeting mechanism for drug delivery system.     

含溴四官能团引发剂引发单电子转移活性自由基聚合

以季戊四醇为原料合成了2,2-二溴甲基-1,3-二溴丙烷(PEBr4),并以此为引发剂,Cu0粉/三-(2-二甲氨基乙基)胺(Me6-TREN)为催化体系,在二甲亚砜(DMSO)中实现了丙烯酸甲酯(MA)的单电子转移活性自由基聚合(SET-LRP),得到了星形PMA。采用1H-NMR对PMA结构进行表征确认并采用GPC测定了PMA的分子量及分子量分布,单体转化率为36.3%时聚合物的分子量为13300,-Mw/-Mn=1.40;考察了水、单体/催化剂(引发剂)配比对聚合反应的影响。结果表明,H2O含量增加到20%(体积分数)导致表观聚合速率常数(kappp)由0.0367 h-1增加到0.2785 h-1;增加催化剂及引发剂用量分别导致kappp增加。     

聚乳酸的合成研究

聚乳酸是一种具有良好生物相容性、可降解的高分子材料,被广泛应用于医用领域,受到越来越多的关注。聚乳酸的合成主要有两种方法：乳酸直接缩聚和丙交酯的开环聚合。文中综述了近年来聚乳酸合成研究的最新进展,讨论了直接合成时的反应条件对聚乳酸分子量的影响,似及不同催化剂对丙交酯开环聚合的影响,介绍了聚乳酸聚合的一种高效方法——反应挤出法,并展望了聚乳酸合成研究的前景。     

An easy method to monitor lactide polymerization with a boron fluorescent probe

Fluorescence spectroscopy has been widely used to monitor different polymer processes such as polymerization kinetics, chain entanglements, and thermal transitions. The solvent-free controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of lactide is significant both commercially and for research; thus, monitoring this process with a simple fluorescence method can be very useful. Here, a fluorescent dye, difluoroboron 4-methoxydibenzoylmethane (BF(2)dbmOMe) is employed to probe lactide bulk ROP by measuring the emission from solidified reaction aliquots at room temperature. It was found that, through the course of polymerization, the fluorescence of BF(2)dbmOMe in the solid-state aliquots exhibited a systematic shift from yellow to green and then to blue, accompanied by a gradual reduction in the decay lifetime. The fluorescence color change is sensitive to the monomer percent conversion, not the polymer molecular weight. On the basis of these observations and experimental data, we propose that the long-wavelength emission with perceivably longer lifetimes arises from BF(2)dbmOMe dye aggregates (ground and/or excited states), while the dissolved individual dye molecules are responsible for the blue fluorescence with a shorter lifetime. This demonstration of the utility of BF(2)dbmOMe as a fluorescent probe for lactide polymerization could have important practical implications.     

羟丙基甲壳素接枝聚乳酸的合成和表征

以Sn(OCt)2为催化剂,水溶性的羟丙基甲壳素作主链,通过丙交酯的熔融开环聚合,在其上接枝了聚乳酸支链.利用红外光谱、核磁共振谱对其结构进行了表征.在羟丙基甲壳素与丙交酯的比例分别为5:1,8:1,10:1条件下,反应都能顺利进行.聚乳酸的接枝长度随原料中丙交酯比例增大而增大.1H-NMR谱的结果表明,聚乳酸支链长度最长为5左右.     

聚乳酸的改性以及活性聚合方法

对聚乳酸这种具有生物降解性和生物相容性的高分子材料的化学改性和活性聚合近年来的研究工作进行了综述，化学改性主要涉及丙交酯和水溶性聚合物的共聚，而许多物质可以引发丙交酯的活性聚合，特别是带官能团的烷氧基类化合物更具有实际的应用价值。     

Aspects of transition metal mediated polymerizations

Catalysts based on metallocene complexes of early transition metals herald a new era in Ziegler—Natta olefin polymerization. The developments are driven primarily by the flexibility and high activity of metallocene catalysts, which allow excellent control of polymer properties and have led to a remarkably wide spectrum of polymers and copolymers. In-depth mechanistic understanding is proving crucial for catalyst design and has opened up the use of metallocenes in non-Ziegler chemistry, notably as initiators for carbocations polymerizations. Recently developed late transition metal complexes have substantially added to the range of olefin (co)polymers that are now accessible, including copolymerizations with carbon monoxide and polar monomers.     

Dinickel Bisphenoxyiminato Complexes for the Polymerization of Ethylene and α-Olefins

Dinuclear nickelphenoxyiminato olefin polymerization catalysts based on rigid p-terphenyl frameworks are reported. Permethylation of the central arene of the terphenyl unit and oxygen substitution of the peripheral rings ortho to the aryl-aryl linkages blocks rotation around these linkages allowing atropisomers of the ligand to be isolated. The corresponding syn and anti dinickel complexes (25-s and 25-a) were synthesized and characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. These frameworks limit the relative movement of the metal centers restricting the metal-metal distance. Kinetics studies of isomerization of a ligand precursor (7-a) allowed the calculation of the activation parameters for the isomerization process (ΔH(?) = 28.0 ± 0.4 kcal×mol(-1) and ΔS(?) = -12.3 ± 0.4 cal×mol(-1)×K(-1)). The reported nickel complexes are active for ethylene polymerization [TOF up to 3700 (mol C(2)H(4))×(mol Ni)(-1)×h(-1)] and ethylene/α-olefin copolymerization. Only methyl branches are observed in the polymerization of ethylene, while α-olefins are incorporated without apparent chain walking. These catalysts are active in the presence of polar additives and in neat tetrahydrofuran. The syn and anti isomers differ in polymerization activity and polymer degree of branching and molecular weight. For comparison, a series of mononuclear nickel complexes (26, 27-s, 27-a, 28, 30) was prepared and studied. The effects of structure and catalyst nuclearity on reactivity are discussed.