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1.
A. G. Green 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(5):939-940
Thirty-oneLinum species, representing each of the 5 taxonomic sections of the genus, were analyzed for fatty acid composition of the seed
oils. Linolenic acid was the major component of the seed oil of species from the sectionsLinum andDasylinum, whereas linoleic acid predominated in those from the sectionsSyllinum, Linastrum andCatbartolinum. All 5 species tested from the sectionSyllinum contained ricinoleic acid as a minor component, ranging between 3% and 8% of total fatty acids. Ricinoleic acid was not present
in any other species analyzed. An unidentified fatty acid was present as a minor component in species from the sectionsLinum andDasylinum but absent in species from other sections of the genus. 相似文献
2.
J. A. Zygadlo R. E. Morero R. E. Abburra C. A. Guzman 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(8):915-916
The seeds ofOenothera picensis, O. indecora, Ludwigia longifolia andL. peruviana (Onagraceae) contained 18.3, 16.4, 13.9 and 10.1% oil, respectively. Chromatographic analyses showed high levels of linoleic
acid (>71.5%) in the seed oils. 相似文献
3.
Robert L. Wolff Corinne C. Bayard 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1995,72(9):1043-1046
The fatty acid composition of seeds from seven species of the genusPinus (P. pinaster, P. griffithii, P. pinea, P. koraiensis, P. sylvestris, P. mughus, andP. nigra) was established. Pine seeds are rich in oil (31–68% by weight) and contain several unusual polymethylene-interrupted unsaturated
fatty acids with acis-5 ethylenic bond. These are thecis-5,cis-9 18:2,cis-5,cis-9,cis-12 18:3,cis-5,cis-11 20:2, andcis-5,cis-11,cis-14 20:3 acids, with a trace ofcis-5,cis-9,cis-12,cis-15 18:4 acid. Their percentage relative to total fatty acids varies from a low of 3.1% (P. pinea) to a high of 30.3% (P. sylvestris), depending on the species. The majorcis-5 double bond-containing acid is generally thecis-5,cis-9,cis-12 18:3 acid (pinolenic acid). In all species, linoleic acid represents approximately one-half the total fatty acids, whereas
the content of oleic acid varies in the range 14–36% inversely to the sum of fatty acids containing acis-5 ethylenic bond. The easily available seeds fromP. koraiensis appear to be a good source of pinolenic acid: their oil content isca. 65%, and pinolenic represents about 15% of total fatty acids. These values appear to be rather constant.Pinus pinaster, which is grown on several thousand acres in the southwest of France, is an interesting source ofcis-5,cis-11,cis-14 20:3 acid (7% in the oil, which isca. 35% of the dehulled seed weight), an acid sharing in common three double bonds with arachidonic acid. Apparently,P. sylvestris seed oil contains the highest level ofcis-5 double bond-containing acids among pine seed oils that have ever been analyzed. 相似文献
4.
The unusual occurrence of 14-methylhexadecanoic acid in pinaceae seed oils among plants 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
14-Methylhexadecanoic (14-MHD) acid has been identified in a sample of pine seed oil (Pinus contorta) by gas-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry of its picolinyl ester derivative: Its identification (through its equivalent
chain length) and its distribution in four conifer families have been checked. It occurred only in Pinaceae, where it was
found in 72 species belonging to the genera Pinus, Abies, Cedrus, Tsuga, Pseudotsuga, Larix, and Picea, in the range 0.02–1.15%. 14-MHD acid could not be detected in the lipids of Taxaceae (Taxus baccata), Cupressaceae (Juniperus communis), or Taxodiaceae (Sciadopytis verticillata), even after a 10-fold concentration of the saturated acid fraction isolated by argentation thinlayer chromatography. It
is concluded that Pinaceae, along with Ginkgo biloba seed lipids, are major exceptions in the plant kingdom with regard to 14-MHD acid, which otherwise occurs almost exclusively
in lipids of animals and microorganisms. The biosynthesis and metabolic role of 14-MHD acid, which other-wise also occur in
wood and leaf lipids, remain unknown. 相似文献
5.
C. D. Daulatabad V. A. Desai K. M. Hosamani V. B. Hiremath 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1992,69(2):190-191
Quamoclit phoenicea Choisy andQuamoclit coccinea Moench. (Syn.Ipomoea coccinea Linn), belonging to the Convolvulaceae plant family, was found to contain palmitic (22.2%, 33.3%), stearic (11.3%, 1.7%)
oleic (13.5%, 14.6%), linoleic (40.1%, 30.8%), vernolic (6.4%, 10.2%), arachidic (3.5%, 6.8%) and behenic (3.8%, 2.6%) acids,
respectively. 相似文献
6.
R. B. Wolf S. A. Graham R. Kleiman 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1983,60(1):103-104
Nineteen species of 10 taxonomic sections ofCuphea were analyzed for fatty acid composition of the seed oils. Two sections of the genus,Trispermum andPseudocircaea, previously unreported, are included. Lauric acid is the major component of the seed oil in seven of the species surveyed;
capric andmyristic each predominate in five. Linolenic acid, previously thought to be only a trace component ofCuphea seed oils, is the major constituent of two species. Two others are rich in linoleic acid, another minor component of mostCupbea oils. 相似文献
7.
The octadecatrienoic acids inAcer negundo L. (maple family) seed oil include both 9,12,15- (1%) and 6.9,12-(7%) isomers. The chief monoenoic acids identified were
9-octadecenoic (21%), 11-eicosenoic (7%), 13-docosenoic (15%), and 15-tetracosenoic (7%). Also present is a considerable amount
of 9,12-octadecadienoic acid. Investigation of ten other Aceraceae revealed their seed oils to have a similar fatty acid composition. 相似文献
8.
K. L. Mikolajczak F. R. Earle I. A. Wolff 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1963,40(8):342-343
Gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) analyses are reported for fatty acid methyl esters from seed oils of two previously unreported
species of Santalaceae,Comandra pallida A. DC. andOsyris alba L. The major component in each (43 and 57%, respectively) is an enynoic acid, probablytrans-11-octadecen-9-ynoic (ximenynic) acid which has been found in seed oils of other members of this family. Equivalent chain
lengths by GLC analysis and infrared and ultraviolet spectra agree with those obtained by our analyses ofXimenia americana L., in which ximenynic acid is known to occur. The spectral data also agree with those in literature reports on ximenynic
acid. The positions of unsaturation have, however, not been rigorously established for the two species newly reported.
A laboratory of the No. Utiliz. Res. & Dev. Div., ARS, U.S.D.A. 相似文献
9.
The effects of time and temperature on the alcoholysis of rubber seed, melon seed, linseed, and soyabean oils have been studied. The following temperatures were investigated: 200, 220, 245, and 260°C. Litharge (PbO) was used as the alcoholysis catalyst. The optimum alcoholysis temperature was found to be 245 ± 2 °C for each of the oils. At lower alcoholysis temperatures (<245°C), there is the preferential alcoholysis of seed oils derived from unsaturated acid; and the general alcoholysis rates were found to be in the following order: linseed oil ≈ rubber seed oil ≥ soyabean oil ≈ melon seed oil. The alcohol‐solubility of the oils is generally observed to begin at 42–45% conversion of oils to monoglycerides. The α‐monoglyceride contents of the alcoholysis mixtures of rubber seed and linseed oils were generally similar at methanol tolerance, and higher than those of melon seed and soyabean oils. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 78: 1826–1832, 2000 相似文献
10.
J. R. Vickery F. B. Whitfield G. L. Ford B. H. Kennett 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(3):573-575
Of 12 Gymnospermae seed and leaf oils, only 2 contained cyclopropene fatty acids. All-cis 5, 11, 14, 17-eicosatetraenoic acid occurred in concentrations up to 11.9% in 6 seed oils, and up to 61% in 2 leaf oils.
The structure of this acid, as its methyl ester, was established by the combination of physical (UV, IR,1H- and13C-NMR and mass spectra) and chemical techniques. Arachidonic acid also occurred in 2 seed oils. 相似文献
11.
Adebisi Mogeed Balogun Babatunde L. Fetuga 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1985,62(3):529-531
Seed oils of some members of the Meliceae (six) and Combretaceae (three) were analyzed for their fatty acid composition. In
oils of members of both families palmitic acid was the most abundant saturated acid. Trace amounts of short chain (C12–C14)
and long chain (C20–C22) saturated acids were detected in some members of the two families. Oleic acid was the most abundant
unsaturated acids in the oils of four members of the Meliaceae. However, in the oils ofCedrella odorata andLovoa trichilloides, dienoic acid (C18:2) was the major unsaturated acid. Strikingly high levels of trienoic (C18:3) and monoenoic (C16:1) acids
were detected in the seed oils ofC. odorata andEnthandrophragma angolense, respectively. Oleic acid also was the most abundant unsaturated acid in the Combretaceae. The nutritional value and industrial
potentials of these oils are given. 相似文献
12.
C. R. Smith J. W. Hagemann I. A. Wolff 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1964,41(4):290-291
The seed oil ofEchium plantagineum, a mem-ber of the borage family, has been shown to contain two polyunsaturated fatty acids not com-monly found in vegetable
oils: all-cis-6,9,12-octa-deeatrienoic acid and all-cis-6,9,12,15-octadeca-tetraenoic acid. Prior to their discovery in the Boraginaceae, nonconjugated tetraenoid acids were not
known to occur in oils of higher plants.
A laboratory of the No. Utiliz. Res. and Dev. Div., ARS, USDA. 相似文献
13.
Methyl esters from seed oils of four Chenopodiaceae species are unusual in that they contain methylcis-5-hexadecenoate (4.6–12%) and methyl 5-octadecenoate (1.1–1.2%). There are indications of small amounts of 18∶25,9 and 18∶35, 9, 12 along with unsaturated acids commonly found in seed oils-oleic (14–21%), linoleic (53–57%) and linolenic (3.5–7.8%). Fatty
acid composition of the oils was determined by gas chromatography, and positions of the double bonds were established by application
of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to the methoxylated methyl esters.
N. Market. Nutr. Res. Div., ARS, USDA. 相似文献
14.
Fatty acid composition of Iranian citrus seed oils 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Fatty acid compositions of seed oils from eight Iranian citrus fruits were determined. The ranges of values for major fatty
acids were 21.8–29.4% palmitic, 3.1–7.60% stearic, 0.3–1.3% palmitoleic, 23.5–32.3% oleic, 33.5–39.8% linoleic, and 3.1–7.6%
linolenic. Low amounts (up to 0.1%) of myristic and arachidic acids and traces of a few unidentified ones constituted minor
fatty acids. 相似文献
15.
D. Rankoff A. Popov P. Panov M. Daleva 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1971,48(11):700-701
The fatty acid composition of five representatives of theThalictrum L. genus of the plant familyRanunculaceae has been investigated. The fatty acids include mainly acids with double bonds in thetrans-5 position (about 60%). Although the main component of the fatty acids is a triene acid (trans-5,cis-9,cis-12-octadecatrienoic acid), the oils investigated are semidrying. 相似文献
16.
R. W. Riemenschneider R. M. Speck E. G. Beinhart 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1945,22(5):120-122
Summary THE fatty acid compositions of twelve samples of oil representing a number of different types and varieties of tobacco were
determined by the thiocyanometric method. The samples were remarkably uniform in composition, containing on the average 75%
linoleic, 15% oleic, and 10% saturated acids.
Spectrophotometric determination of the linoleic acid content of two samples of oil gave values 3.0 and 5.4% higher than those
by the thiocyanometric method.
A more complete investigation of the fatty acid constituents of one sample of flue-cured tobacco seed oil was carried out
by analysis of fractions obtained by distillation of the methyl esters and by low-temperature crystallization of the distilled
ester fractions. The composition calculated from these analyses agreed well with that determined from analysis directly on
the oil. The saturated acids consisted of palmitic and stearic acids, the proportions being about 7 and 3%, respectively,
of the total fatty acids. Analysis of this sample of oil showed that it contained 0.043% of tocopherol.
From its composition, tobacco seed oil would seem to be particularly suitable for the manufacture of nonyellowing alkyds or
for the preparation of technical linoleic acid.
One of the laboratories of the Bureau of Agricultural and Industrial Chemistry, Agricultural Research Administration, United
States Department of Agriculture. 相似文献
17.
K. K. Ketshajwang J. Holmback S. O. Yeboah 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1998,75(6):741-743
Seed oils were extracted with n-hexane from three edible Leguminosae seeds: Tylosema esculentum, Xanthocercis zambesiaca, and Bauhinia petersiana, giving yields of 48.2, 17.6, and 20.8% (w/w), respectively. Some physical and chemical parameters were determined to ascertain
the general characteristics of the oils. The saponification and iodine values indicated that all three oil samples could be
classified among the olive group of oils. This inference was supported by the results of the detailed fatty acid composition
of the oils as determined by capillary gas chromatography. The ratio of total unsaturated to total saturated fatty acids in
all three oil samples was approximately 70:30, with either oleic or linoleic acid being the dominant fatty acid. These results
were in agreement with a proton nuclear magnetic resonance analysis of the fatty acid classes in the seed oils. Thus, the
analysis served to justify the use of the three Leguminosae seed oils in food preparations. The work has further indicated
that, with their attractive properties, the seed oils from T. esculentum, X. zambesiaca, and B. petersiana are good candidates for further studies to evaluate their future commercial prospects in the Southern African region. 相似文献
18.
Pushkar Singh Bora Narendra Narain Maria Ladjane S. de MeIIo 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2000,102(4):266-269
Proximate analysis of the seeds from three commercial melon cultivars (Honey Dew, Hy‐mark and Orange Flesh) showed high percentage of lipids (25.7—27.6%) and proteins (15.2—19.2%). The physico‐chemical properties of the hexane‐extracted oil from the seeds of these cultivars were determined. Gas chromatographic analysis of the oils showed the presence of almost all fatty acids starting from C6— C24 except that of C11 , C21 C23 , C18:2 being the principal fatty acid followed by C18:1 , C16:0 , and C18:0 fatty acids. The number of fatty acids, which were present in concentrations higher than 0.01% of total fatty acids, was 17, 14, and 13, respectively, in these cultivars 相似文献
19.
The seed oils of 11 species ofSapindaceae were examined, and their fatty acid composition was determined.cis-11-Eicosenoic acid was identified as the major fatty acid ofKoelreuteria paniculata. It was present in nine of the 11 species in amounts from 8–60% of the total fatty acids and is evidently a common component
of oils of this plant family. Arachidic acid was present in amounts up to 11%. Only three of the oils had acids of chain length
greater than C-20. Seed oils of certain species ofKoelreuteria andCardiospermum are good potential sources of 11-eicosenoic acid.
N.R. C. No. 9537. 相似文献
20.
Seed oils of six species ofMalvaceae, representing four genera, were found to containcis-12,13-epoxyoleic acid in amounts estimated at 1,5–7% of the total fatty acids. Acetolysis of the oils gave the corresponding
dihydroxyoleic acid, which was shown to be predominantly adextro-rotatory form ofthreo-12,13-dihydroxyoleic acid. It was obtained optically pure, and its structure was confirmed by orthodox methods. The hydrogenation
product, (+)-threo-12,13-dihydroxystearic acid, was also obtained optically pure and characterized. The best yield of dihydroxyoleic acid was
obtained from the seed oil ofMalope trifida.
Samples of oil from four other species ofMalvaeae had a very low or negligible content of epoxy acid.
Presented in part at the annual meeting, American Oil Chemists’ Society, New Orleans, La., April 20 – 22, 1959.
Issued as N.R.C. 6042. 相似文献