五氧化二钒生产工艺的进展

本文介绍了钒的用途及市场前景、钒矿资源及五氧化二钒的生产途径、工艺及工艺发展。     

调节阀的选型

简单介绍了调节阀的工作原理、调节阀结构型式及选择、调节阀的流量特性及选择、调节阀口径的计算及选择、调节阀材质的选择.     

金属钕的生产与应用

本文综述了我国金属钕生产的主要发展状况。包括金属钕的生产原料 ,工艺及设备 ,生产能力及产量 ,产品品种及质量 ,产品应用及市场 ,并讨论了一些问题 ,提出了一些建议     

ICP的修复及电脑系统的升级

详细描述了ICP真空系统的维护,光室内部的检修及光路的校正,电脑的升级及操作系统MS—DOS系统的升级。     

金属钕材料的生产及应用

本文综述了我国金属钕材料的主要发展状况。包括金属钕材料的生产原料、生产工艺及设备、生产能力及产量、生产品种及质量、产品的应用及市场 ,并讨论了一些问题。     

提高电解铜表面质量的措施

论述了电解铜表面气孔及粒子生成的原因及危害,针对造成电解液中空气溶解度过饱和及各种粒子生长的原因,提出相应的措施,解决电解铜表面气孔和粒子生成问题。     

生物有机质成矿在找矿学上的意义

生物活动及有机质在沉积矿床及沉积改造型层控矿床的形成过程中发挥着重要作用, 研究生物成矿作用及规律, 对丰富矿床学及沉积学理论、指导找矿都有着十分重要的意义。主要介绍了生物有机质成矿作用、生物沉积成矿、微生物富集成矿及有机质间接参与成矿作用。     

口腔用钛及钛合金材料的研究现状

钛及钛合金以其优良的生物相容性、耐腐蚀性和机械性能,以及对MRI无磁场干扰、在口腔内无异味等优点,被认为是理想的口腔用材料。综述并简要分析了钛及钛合金在口腔领域的研究及应用现状,重点介绍了国内口腔用新型钛合金开发、口腔用钛合金的表面改性以及口腔用钛及钛合金的3D打印技术等方面的研究及应用现状。归纳并指出我国不仅要大力开发口腔领域专用的钛及钛合金,并推进其标准化,同时要提升现有口腔用钛及钛合金的材料质量水平,进一步推进口腔用钛及钛合金3D打印工艺及材料的标准化。     

铝及铝合金的氢脆

本文从失效分析的角度出发,扼要地介绍氢在铝及铝合金中的溶解、扩散、铝中不同类型的氢脆类型及形成条件和对力学性能的影响;降低铝熔体含氢量及防止氢脆的方法;并对氢含量的测定方法及氢在Al-Li合金中的特殊行为作了初步探讨。     

我国热镀锌钢的锌消费

本文简述了我国与国际上在热镀锌钢使用率上的差距，及对近年及２０００年在热镀板带丝管及钢结构件方面的产量及其所需的锌消费数量等。     

钛渣酸解过程中物相变化特征探讨

明确物相变化是剖析钛渣酸解机理和改进酸解工艺的关键点之一.综合应用化学分析、X射线衍射(XRD)分析、矿物解离分析以及扫描电镜形貌分析对某74钛渣酸解过程中主要物相的含量、形貌变化以及Ti、Si两种元素的含量及赋存变化进行了研究.结果表明:钛渣主要由黑钛石和辉石组成,酸解过程中黑钛石含量逐渐减小,辉石含量逐渐增加;反应...     

2004年铁合金市场回顾与2005年展望

2004年国际和国内铁合金价格波动较大，全年价格总体水平较往年有较大增长。2004年我国铁合金行业产销两旺，全年产量和出口量均创历史新高，市场价格较往年也有明显改善。但是，铁合金行业发展过热已引起国家有关部门和业界的高度重视，并相继出台了一系列相关的产业政策和调控、指导性措施，对整个铁合金行业的发展产生了深远影响。文章从生产、消费及进出口等方面对2004年中国铁合金市场进行了分析并对2005年市场前景进行了预测。     

Design and optimisation of charging ingredients and structure in an ironmaking system (Part II)

In order to maximise the reduction of pig iron cost in an ironmaking process, and at the same time ensure the output and quality of the pig iron, a design and optimisation system for the charging ingredients and structure in an ironmaking system was established using metallurgical theory. The system includes six modules, namely, sinter metallurgical performance testing and analysis, sintering burdening design, sinter component and property prediction, blast furnace burdening design, blast furnace batching calculation and ironmaking system burden optimisation. Based on actual production, testing and material balance theory, the system integrated these modules on VB and MATLAB using a series of intelligent algorithms, such as the BP neural network, multiple objective linear programming, genetic algorithms and so on. As a result, the optimum burden composition and structure of the sinter and blast furnace that satisfied all the constraint conditions could be obtained. Standing as a pinnacle of the global ironmaking production, the system can design and optimise not only the sintering burden, but also the blast furnace burden. Compared with the traditional production testing and hand calculation in the ironmaking system, the project can greatly reduce the production risk and greatly increase the calculation accuracy. Industrial application shows that the system is especially beneficial to reduce the ironmaking cost and at the same time ensure the output and quality.     

长流程钢铁企业检化验设施的现代化设计

检化验系统对钢铁企业的进厂原料检验、中间产品检测、出厂产品质量判定等有着重要意义。对钢铁企业检化验系统的设置原则、组成和发展趋势进行了介绍,集中化、智能化和信息化是现代化钢铁企业检化验系统的特点。重点论述了原料取制样系统、原料分析中心、冶炼分析中心和轧钢检测中心的建设设计理念。随着中国智能制造发展,全自动智能检测系统、信息流过程自动化及实验室管理自动化已成为当今钢铁企业检化验系统设计不可避免的趋势。     

Lunar Astronomical Observatories: Design Studies

The best location in the inner solar system for the grand observatories of the 21st century may be the Moon. A multidisciplinary team including university students and faculty in engineering, astronomy, physics, and geology, and engineers from industry is investigating the Moon as a site for astronomical observatories and is doing conceptual and preliminary designs for these future observatories. Studies encompass lunar facilities for radio astronomy and astronomy at optical, ultraviolet, and infrared wavelengths of the electromagnetic spectrum. Although there are significant engineering challenges in design and construction on the Moon, the rewards for astronomy can be great, such as detection and study of Earth‐like planets orbiting nearby stars, and the task for engineers promises to stimulate advances in analysis and design, materials and structures, automation and robotics, foundations, and controls. Fabricating structures in the reduced‐gravity environment of the Moon will be easier than in the zero‐gravity environment of Earth orbit, as Apollo and space‐shuttle missions have revealed. Construction of observatories on the Moon can be adapted from techniques developed on the Earth, with the advantage that the Moon's weaker gravitational pull makes it possible to build larger devices than are practical on Earth.     

热轧不锈钢板酸洗工艺

为去除热轧不锈钢板表面的氧化层与贫铬层,钝化基体,改善表面质量,在热轧退火后需进行酸洗处理。介绍了热轧不锈钢板表面氧化层和贫铬层的组成与结构特征及其对酸洗过程的影响,并对热轧不锈钢板的酸洗体系设计和酸洗工艺开发进行了阐述。中国热轧不锈钢板普遍采用前处理(机械除鳞、中性盐电解等)→硫酸(电解)预酸洗→硝酸-氢氟酸终酸洗的酸洗工艺,旨在通过前处理和预酸洗去除大部分的氧化层,在终酸洗阶段去除残余氧化层及贫铬层,同时实现基体钝化。目前,热轧不锈钢板的酸洗工艺存在酸洗效果不稳定、贫铬层去除不完全、局部腐蚀较为严重等问题,且会产生不同程度的环境污染问题。应该根据不同钢种不同退火工艺条件下的表面氧化层与贫铬层的性质与分布特征,研究开发相应的酸洗体系和酸洗工艺。热轧不锈钢板的环保型酸洗新工艺具有广阔的发展前景。     

Impressions of psychotherapists' offices.

For counseling settings, research suggests that softness, personalization, and order might affect the experience and the perceived expertness, trustworthiness, and social attractiveness of the therapist. This article discusses exploratory studies on college students' perception of the counseling office environment and whether the likely client experience was associated with the softness/personalization and order of the office. As stimuli, the studies used 30 color photographs of psychotherapists' offices viewed from the client's perspective. After obtaining ratings of the characteristics of each office, we obtained ratings from different groups of students of the quality of care and comfort expected in each office (Study 1) and how qualified, bold, and friendly the therapist in the office would be (Study 2). Additional studies examined the likelihood of choosing a therapist based on the office, and the first thought or feeling that came to mind about the office, the therapist, and the patient experience. There were strong correlations in response between groups (by whether they had experienced therapy; their level in school; their gender; and their major, location, and school size). The quality of care, comfort, therapist boldness, qualifications of the therapist, and the likelihood that one would choose a therapist based on the office improved with increases in the office's softness/personalization and order. Friendliness improved with increases in softness/personalization. The office choices, open-ended responses, and reported reasons for the ratings confirmed the importance of softness (comfort) and order. Research should test longer term exposure and behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

液压钢包倾翻装置的结构分析与控制

针对恶劣工况及作业要求对液压倾翻装置的结构、动作、控制进行了全面详细的探究,对典型液压倾翻装置在实际使用过程中的优缺点进行了深入分析。设计了一种钢包倾翻装置和液压控制系统,解决了倾翻机的卡阻问题,提高了倾翻装置的稳定性、承载能力和适用范围。通过计算和设计优化,解决了系统的发热问题,采用多级保护提升了倾翻控制的安全性能,实现了倾翻装置的稳定和精确控制,降低了设备的使用故障。     

Simultaneous and Sequential Photosonolysis of TCE and PCE

Aqueous solutions of trichloroethylene (TCE) and tetrachloroethylene (PCE) were treated in a flow-through reactor equipped with ultrasound and ultraviolet light sources. The reactor was operated as sonolysis (US), photolysis (UV), and simultaneous photosonolysis (UV/US) reactors; then as US, UV, and sequential UV/US reactors with the installation of a partition in the reactor. The reactor without the partition was simulated by using one continuously stirred-tank-reactor (1-CSTR) model, and the reactor with the partition was simulated by using the sequential CSTR model. Through model calibration, the decomposition rate constants and reactor efficiencies for the removal of TCE and PCE were evaluated. The results suggest that the combined effect of UV and US on the decomposition of TCE and PCE is synergistic in both the simultaneous and sequential UV/US modes, that the rate constants of sonolysis and photolysis are greater with the sequential combination than with the simultaneous combination, and that overall efficiency is higher for the reactor with the partition than for the one without it.     

浅谈加强建设工程招投标管理工作的重要性

对于建设工程的招标人来说,重要的是如何找到理想的、有能力承担建设工程任务的合格单位,用经济合理的价格,获得满意的服务和产品。根据建设工程的通常做法,建设工程的招标人均是严格按照法律法规的规定,通过招投标形式选择建设工程任务的实施单位,包括设计、监理、施工承包和供货等单位。可见利用招投标形式选择合格的实施单位,一方面从法律上保证了项目和项目法人的合法性,另一方面,也从技术上和经济上为项目的顺利实施提供了支持和保障。