A new method for welding aluminum alloy LY12CZ sheet with high strength

0　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＴｈｉｎｐｌａｔｅ ｓｈｅｌｌｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｏｆａｌｕｍｉｎｕｍａｌｌｏｙｗｉｔｈｈｉｇｈｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｒｅｕｓｅｄｉｎｔｈｅｆｉｅｌｄｓｏｆａｅｒｏｎａｕｔｉｃｓａｎｄａｅｒｏｓｐａｃｅｍｏｒｅａｎｄｍｏｒｅｗｉｄｅｌｙ .Ｄｕｅｔｏｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｒｅｓｉｄｕａｌｓｔｒｅｓｓａｎｄｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎ ,ｈｉｇｈｓｕｓｃｅｐｔｉｂｉｌｉｔｙｔｏｈｏｔｃｒａｃｋｉｎｇ ,ｌｏｗｓｔｒｅｎｇｔｈａｎｄｄｕｃｔｉｌｉｔｙｏｆｗｅｌｄｅｄｊｏｉｎｔ,ｔｈｅｆ…     

基于电磁力随焊控制残余应力和变形的可行性分析

提出了基于脉冲电磁力随焊控制焊接应力及变形新方法.针对平面螺旋线圈,采用ANSYS软件论证了该方法的可行性.该方法的基本思想是将电磁线圈置于焊件上方,并在焊接过程中使其始终处于靠近焊枪的合适位置.将线圈通入较大的脉冲电流,产生变化磁场,使焊件感生涡流,线圈和焊件之间产生电磁力的作用.依靠电磁力对热态焊缝及近缝区金属的延展作用控制残余应力及变形.结果表明,平面螺旋线圈轴向电磁力的方向垂直板面向下,能够延展高温金属.基于电磁力随焊控制焊接残余应力和变形是可行的.     

随焊锤击对高强铝合金焊接接头应变分布的影响

采用云纹分析的试验力学方法，研究了不同情况下LYl2CZ高强铝合金焊接接头应变场的分布特点。研究结果表明，断裂前夕，常规焊接头的云纹条纹稀疏且不均匀，拉伸过程中应力集中在薄弱环节焊趾部位，焊接接头的力学性能指标较差；采用随焊锤击工艺，由于在焊接过程中同步锤击强化了焊趾部位，断裂前夕焊接接头的云纹条纹分布比较密集均匀，断裂部位由焊趾转移到焊缝，焊接接头的力学性能指标较常规焊有了较大提高，这充分说明随焊锤击技术对于实现高强铝合金焊接接头的强化是行之有效的。     

钛合金薄板焊接应力的随焊锤击控制

将随焊锤击技术应用于钛合金薄板焊接应力与变形控制，分别对TC4钛合金薄板进行常规焊和采用随焊锤击技术对焊接应力与变形进行控制，结果证实，随焊锤击工艺有效地减小了薄板焊件的挠曲变形，焊缝的纵向残余应力减小到常规焊的1／10，最大焊接挠曲变形由常规焊的15mm减小为5mm。     

随焊旋转挤压控制焊接热裂纹试验分析

介绍了随焊旋转挤压法的基本工作原理及其对焊接残余变形的控制效果.以高强铝合金2A12T4为研究材料,对随焊旋转挤压控制焊接热裂纹进行了试验研究和机理分析.结果表明,在合适的工艺参数下,该方法能够有效抑制铝合金焊接热裂纹的产生和扩展.挤压头与焊枪的距离和其对工件的垂直压力是决定焊接热裂纹控制效果的两个重要参数.随焊旋转挤压控制焊接热裂纹的机理是基于对起弧端热裂纹的压合和对焊件回转变形的拘束作用.     

Effect of welding conditions on reduction in angular distortion by welding with trailing heat sink

Abstract

The effectiveness of welding with a trailing heat sink in reducing the angular distortion of a weld has been experimentally investigated with focus on the cooling position. A numerical model of welding with a trailing heat sink is constructed through the comparison of measured values of weld penetration, thermal cycles and angular distortion with those calculated. On the basis of this model, the effect of welding heat input conditions on the reduction in angular distortion is discussed to evaluate the versatility of welding with a trailing heat sink. The results indicate that the choice of an appropriate cooling position behind the welding heat source is essential for the effective reduction in angular distortion. The reduction in angular distortion by the heat sink at the appropriate cooling position increases with the heat input parameter Q_net/h, where Q_net is the weld heat input and h is the thickness of the plate.     

局部锤击法对水轮机转轮焊接残余应力场的影响

针对混流式水轮机转轮在服役过程中出现裂纹的情况,在利用数值模拟技术研究局部锤击法对转轮焊接残余应力的影响的基础上,对某水电站转轮的焊接残余应力进行了研究.结果表明,普通工艺下,转轮叶片出水边附近的焊接残余拉应力的最大值出现在焊缝的熔合线附近;局部锤击法可以起到降低锤击部位的焊接残余拉应力的作用.当锤击部位的温度接近或超过材料本身的塑性温度时,叶片危险区域焊接残余应力峰值的降低效果非常明显;当锤击温度比较低时,残余应力的效果不明显.     

Finite element analysis of welding distortion control by trailing intense cooling

0　ＩｎｔｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎＷｅｌｄｉｎｇｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎｈａｓｂｅｅｎａｓｅｒｉｏｕｓｐｒｏｂｌｅｍａｓｓｏｃｉａｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｆａｂｒｉｃａｔｉｏｎｏｆｌａｒｇｅｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒｅｓｍａｄｅｏｆｒｅｌａｔｉｖｅｌｙｔｈｉｎｓｅｃｔｉｏｎｃｏｍｐｏｎｅｎｔｓ.Ｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｉｎｄｕｃｅｄｂｕｃｋｌｉｎｇｃａｎｌｅａｄｔｏｌｏｓｓｏｆｄｉｍｅｎｓｉｏｎａｌｃｏｎｔｒｏｌａｎｄｓｔｒｕｃｔｕｒａｌｉｎｔｅｇｒｉｔｙ.Ｓｏｈｏｗｔｏｃｏｎｔｒｏｌｗｅｌｄｉｎｇｄｉｓｔｏｒｔｉｏｎｈａｓａｌｗ…     

Controlling delayed cracks in welded joints of MCQTT steel by welding with trailing impacting and rolling

30CrMnSi,one kind of the medium-carbon quenching and tempering steel(MCQTT),has been widely utilized in some industrial fields.However,just like some other MCQTT,this kind of steel also faces such prob...     

Moiré method analysis for tensile strain field of 2024 aluminum alloy welded joint

0　IntroductionAluminumalloyswithhighstrengthhavehighratiostrengthandratiorigidity ,andhavethewideapplicationprospectsinthefieldofaviationandaerospace .Butsuchalloyshavehighsusceptibilitytohotcrack ,widesoft enedzoneandpoorqualityinweldedjoint,thusloweringthejointstrengthgreatlyandrestrainingthefurtherap plicationoftheseweldedstructures .So ,manymethodswereputforwardtostrengthenaluminumalloyweldedjointwithhighstrength .Fromtheviewpointofmetal lurgy,theexperimentalmethodsforweldingthermalsimula…     

温差拉伸和随焊激冷配合使用控制焊接变形

对温差拉伸和随焊激冷配合使用控制铝合金薄板焊接变形的联合工艺进行了数值模拟和试验研究。数值分析表明 ,随焊激冷更倾向于在焊缝中心造成显著的纵向塑性拉伸 ,而温差拉伸则倾向于在近缝区造成显著的塑性拉伸。将二者配合使用 ,不仅可以靠温差拉伸将焊缝和近缝区在加热阶段形成的纵向塑性压应变控制在较低的水平 ,还可以靠随焊激冷增加冷却阶段的纵向塑性拉伸进一步抵消焊缝区已经形成的压应变。因而充分发挥二者的作用 ,有效地控制焊件的残余变形。试验研究与数值模拟得到的结论基本一致 ,随焊激冷和温差拉伸联合使用 ,可使 5 4 0mm× 3 0 0mm× 2mm的LY1 2CZ薄板焊后纵向挠曲由单独使用温差拉伸时的 2 .87mm和单独使用随焊激冷时的 4 .88mm降低到 0 .80mm的水平     

New development in welding thin-shell aluminum alloy structures with high strength

From the viewpoint of welding mechanics, two new welding methods-welding with trailing peening and welding with trailing impactive rolling were introduced. For aluminum alloy thin-shell structures with high strength, welding will lead to hot cracking, poor joint and distortion. In order to solve them, trailing impactive device was used behind welding torch to impact the different positions of welded joints, thus realizing the welding with free-hot cracking, low distortion and join tstrengthening. By use of impactive rolling wheels instead of peening heads, the outlook of welded specimen can be improved and stress concentration at weld toes can be reduced. Equipment of this technology is simple and portable. It can used to weld sheets, longitudinal and ring-like beams of tube-like structures, as well as the thin-shell structures with closed welds such as flanges and hatches. So the technology has the wide application foreground in the fields of aviation and aerospace.     

Controlling welding residual stress and distortion by a hybrid technology of transient thermal tensioning and trailing intensive cooling

ABSTRACT

A new method of hybrid technology for controlling welding residual stress and distortion is proposed, which contains the transient thermal tensioning with two symmetrical heat sources ahead and the trailing intensive cooling with a cooling source behind the welding heat source during the welding process. Welding temperature, stress and distortion were compared and discussed under different welding processes by experimental and numerical methods. The results reveal that the hybrid technology adjusted the temperature field during welding and redistributed the longitudinal residual stress of welding joint. Thus, the welding residual distortion was reduced. Compared with conventional metal inert gas welding, the reductions of the welding residual stress and distortion of joint by the hybrid technology reached 65% and 58%, respectively.     

随焊干冰激冷冷源尺寸对焊接残余应力影响的有限元分析

文中利用米粒状干冰颗粒作为冷却介质进行随焊激冷,通过将干冰颗粒与压缩空气混合,借助喷枪从喷嘴直接喷射于试板上,干冰颗粒与试件接触瞬间升华带走大量热量,实现局部快速冷却.基于热弹塑性有限元方法,对1561铝合金随焊激冷焊接的方法进行了模拟,分析不同长度和宽度的矩形冷源对随焊激冷控制残余应力的影响,从而对干冰喷嘴出口形状设计进行指导,以优化随焊激冷控制焊接应力与变形的效果.结果表明,最佳矩形冷源的长宽为40 mm×25 mm,板中心纵向残余拉应力由162 MPa降低为零,板两端纵向残余压应力由常规焊接的59.3 MPa减小到20.4 MPa,减小大约65.6%.     

随焊旋转挤压对铝合金焊接接头组织和性能的影响

随焊旋转挤压是一种能够控制薄壁结构焊接应力和变形的新方法,这种方法同时能改善焊接接头的微观组织和力学性能.对2A12T4铝合金焊接接头的金相观察表明,随焊旋转挤压焊缝区晶粒明显细化,组织更加致密,气孔等缺陷大大减少.拉伸和三点弯曲试验结果表明,随焊旋转挤压之后焊接接头的抗拉强度、抗弯强度等力学性能得到不同程度的提高.由于薄弱的焊趾部位得到强化,部分试件的裂纹萌生部位由焊趾转移到焊缝.     

电磁锤随焊锤击控制焊接应力变形新工艺

通过用电磁锤锤头对焊后尚处于高温状态的焊趾和焊缝区金属施加一定频率的锤击力,迫使焊趾处的金属向焊缝中心流动,抵消致裂拉伸应变,达到防止焊接热裂纹的目的;同时使焊缝金属在纵向和横向充分延展,降低了焊接残余应力.试验结果表明:该工艺简单可靠、轻便灵活,不但能控制焊接变形、防止焊接热裂纹的产生,而且能使焊缝组织均匀细化;与未锤击时相比,试件焊缝纵向残余应力平均下降了约90%.     

焊接过程三维应力变形数值模拟研究进展

焊接非平衡加热、冷却过程导致产生焊接应力与变形，严重影响焊接过程及结构的服役行为，是焊接结构生产制造过程中必须解决的关键技术问题之一。作者对目前国内外焊接过程中焊接应力与变形的数值模拟研究及工程应用进行了分析。结合研究小组的研究工作，对大型复杂结构焊接过程中三维焊接应力变形数值模拟存在的困难、需要解决的主要技术问题进行了评述，并介绍了几个工程应用实例。     

基于电磁控制的随焊锤击对焊接残余应力的影响

针对焊接残余应力难以消除的特点,结合几种能够实现随焊锤击功能的方案,提出了一种基于电磁控制的随焊锤击消应力的工艺方法,并研制出了基于电磁控制的随焊锤击试验装置.采用小孔释放法测量随焊锤击前后的残余应力,通过对比和试验分析得出了影响电磁锤随焊锤击效果的主要参数,其中锤击力和锤击温度对焊接残余应力的影响显著.     

Characteristics of welding distortion/residual stress generated by fillet welding with laser beam and verification of generality of its highly accurate prediction

It was found that the characteristics of welding distortion and residual stress generated by laser beam welding (LBW) had the same tendency as those by arc welding but that the absolute value was small. Moreover, the process of LBW is quite different from that of arc welding, the validity and generality of the dominant factors to predict high accuracy welding distortion and residual stress generated by welding could be verified by the high accurate prediction of welding distortion and residual stress which had been proposed based on arc welding. Inherent force was proposed as a parameter which could indicate the magnitude of compressive residual stress, which might influence the load-carrying capacity. Although inherent forces with LBW were 40% that of arc welding, it was found that control of welding heat input was important so as to improve the load-carrying capacity.     

焊接顺序对T形接头残余应力和变形的影响

采用有限元热弹塑性分析方法对T形接头不同焊接顺序的残余应力和变形进行模拟.有限元模型中选用三维实体单元,分析了材料物性参数随温度的变化和对流、辐射散热的影响.运用单元生死技术模拟T形接头多道焊接过程,获得了不同焊接顺序T形接头焊接温度场和残余应力、变形场,并对计算结果进行了分析.结果表明,焊接顺序对T形接头的残余应力和...