减少JPEG压缩图象方块效应的小波域图象增强

低比特率ＪＰＥＧ压缩图象往往产生严重的方块效应。利用小波分析良好的去噪和边缘检测特性,本文提出一种减少ＪＰＥＧ压缩图象中方块效应的有效算法。计算机仿真结果表明,所提算法能有效地改善解码图象的视觉质量。     

JPEG图象压缩方法研究及应用

为了在ＦｏｘＰｒｏ平台下显示ＪＰＥＧ格式的图象，本文对ＪＰＥＧ压缩算法进行了讨论，对压缩模式，离散散余弦变换，量化与逆量化，色彩系统以及熵编码和解码进行了优化设计。     

JPEG图象文件格式的分析及应用

本文介绍了ＪＰＥＧ静态图象压缩标准。结合应用,对编码与解码的原理和过程,离散余弦变换,色彩系统,量化,熵编码,ＪＰＥＧ文件交换格式进行了分析。     

减少JPEG压缩图象方法效应的小波域图象增强

低比特率ＪＰＥＧ压缩图象往往产生严重的广声效应。利用小波分析良好去噪和边缘检测特性,本文提出一种减少ＪＩＰＥＧ压缩图象澡方块效应的有效算法。计算机仿真结果表明,所提算法能有效地改善解码图象的视觉质量。     

不变味儿的“高压锅”——JPEG图象压缩工具专辑

目前在因特网上应用最广泛的图片格式就是ＧＩＦ和ＪＰＥＧ了;查看一下网上各种照片的属性,你会发现它们几乎全是 ＪＰＥＧ格式。尽管我们知道, ＪＰＥＧ格式的图片采用的是一种有损压缩算法,压缩后的图象会出现一定程度上的失真（即“毛边”现象）,但我们还是喜欢用它。这是因为在目前的静止图象格式中ＪＰＥＧ的压缩比是最高的──仅为其ＳＭＰ原图象大小的十分之一左右！这使得在网上传送图片不再那么困难,浏览图片较多的网页时等待的时间也不再那么漫长。但是,ＪＰＥＧ图象能不能再作进一步的压缩呢？通常认为ＪＰＥＧ图象的压缩比已经较高,进一步的压缩容易使图象产生严重的失真而丧失其使用价值。其实不然, ＪＰＥＧ图象的再压缩还有“戏”！这不,我们现在就用这些不变味道的“高压锅”为你奉上一桌 ＪＰＥＧ压缩套餐,希望能从中找到适合你口味的“佳肴”！     

静态图象的动态压缩方法

文中介绍一种通过动态压缩途径来压缩静态图象的方法。该方法首先使用排列变换将静态图象分解成动态图象序列，然后再利用现有的ＭＰＥＧ压缩程序对该图象序列进行压缩。文中还讨论了各种扫描曲线对于所生成的图象序列中相关性的影响，肯定了希尔伯特曲线的良好的局部相关性。最后使用标准测试图象Ｌｅｎａ进行了实验，结果，在压缩比同为６６：１的情况下，本方法的峰值信噪比（ＰＳＮＲ）要比ＪＰＥＧ高出０．６ｄＢ左右。     

JPEG—Video系统─—图象压缩／反压缩部分结构分析

着重对ＪＰＥＧ—Ｖｉｄｅｏ系统的图象压缩／反压缩部分的组成结构、管脚及工作时序进行了较为详细的介绍和分析，同时说明了和ＪＰＥＧ—Ｖｉｄｅｏ系统中ｃａｐｔｕｒ部分的连接关系     

JPEG压缩编码的扩充自适应量化器设计

在ＪＰＥＧ静止图象压缩的基础上，设计了一种扩充的自适应量化器，利用人眼的视觉特征，通过分析ＭＣＵ块的局部视觉活动性，以ＭＣＵ活动性涵数确定量化因子，并引入亮度掩盖算子调节量化参量，实验结果表明，本文所设计的自适应量化器能减少图象编码主观失真，改善了图象质量，获得更好的压缩效果。     

基于JPEG的医学图象特征提取

针对医学图象数据库中大量存在的ＪＰＥＧ压缩图象,提出了一种新颖的特征提取算法。该算法提取的特征既包含空域局部信息又包含域频域局部信息,全面表达了图象的特征,使得基于内容查询的精度提高;压缩数据只需霍夫曼解码而不必恢复为原始图象即可提取特征,算法耗费时间大为减少;在ＪＰＥＧ压缩图象分辨率分析的基础上提出了由“粗”到“精”的查询。     

并行DSP处理器上JPEG算法的实现研究

ＪＰＥＧ算法由于效率高和实用性强获得了广泛的应用;而并行处理器ＤＳＰ具有高效的并行处理能力,因而适合于图象的实时处理。提出了在ＴＩ的并行处理器ＤＳＰ－Ｃ８０上并行和快速实现ＪＰＥＧ算法的方法,实现了高速实时图象压缩。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

How do children do mathematics with LOGO?

Abstract  This paper considers some results of a study designed to investigate the kinds of mathematical activity undertaken by children (aged between 8 and 11) as they learned to program in LOGO. A model of learning modes is proposed, which attempts to describe the ways in which children used and acquired understanding of the programming/mathematical concepts involved. The remainder of the paper is concerned with discussing the validity and limitations of the model, and its implications for further research and curriculum development.