煤焦油沥青改性乙烯焦油制备中间相沥青的研究

以煤焦油沥青为改性剂改性的乙烯焦油在温度420℃、常压及惰性气体(N_2)保护下进行炭化,制备出广域融并体各向异性中间相沥青。对生成的中间相沥青进行X射线衍射分析、元素和组分分析、偏光显微观察及高温条件下的粘度测定,讨论了改性乙烯焦油的炭化行为。结果表明,由煤焦油沥青改性乙烯焦油制备的中间相沥青(ET-CTP-MP)与没有经过改性的乙烯焦油制备的中间相沥青(ET-MP)相比,有序度高、流变性好、β树脂含量高,是优质的中间相沥青。     

用丁苯橡胶改性乙烯焦油制备中间相沥青

用丁苯橡胶(SBR)与乙烯焦油在430℃、常压及惰性气体保护下进行共炭化,制备出各向异性中间相沥青,并对其进行了分析和表征.结果表明,由SBR改性乙烯焦油制得的中间相沥青与乙烯焦油直接炭化制得的中间相沥青相比,有序度高,黏度低,口树脂含量高,且具流线广域性组织结构.     

乙烯焦油经AlCl_3催化改质制备高可熔性中间相沥青

研究了乙烯焦油用AlCl_3催化改质方法制备高可熔性中间相沥青的反应特性;求得了改质沥青和乙烯焦油沥青热缩聚反应速度常数和反应活化能等动力学参数,并对催化改质过程和中间相传化过程的组成和结构变化进行了分析。     

中国炭黑原料油展望（下）

3石油基炭黑原料油 3．1乙烯焦油 3．1．1乙烯和乙烯焦油生产现状 乙烯焦油是乙烯裂解装置副产的CIO以上的塔底油，亦称乙烯裂解燃料油。中国生产的乙烯焦油，密度在1．06～1．09之间，粘度（SSU100℃）在11～13之间，相关指数在130～140之间，残留物（大体相当于沥青质）在20％～26％之间，硫含量低于0．2％，钠含量低于10ppm，     

乙烯焦油的综合利用途径

乙烯焦油是生产乙烯过程中的一种副产品,富含芳烃化合物,具有碳氢比高、侧链短的特点。本文主要从提取萘及其系列产品、制取碳纤维沥青及碳纤维、制备活性炭、生产石油焦和合成石油树脂几方面介绍综合利用乙烯焦油的途径。     

乙烯焦油制备道路沥青新工艺

以乙烯焦油为原料,盐酸三乙胺三氯化铝离子液体为催化剂,利用空气催化氧化制备道路沥青。利用单因素实验分析了所得沥青产品的针入度、延度、软化点随催化剂加入量、反应时间和温度变化的规律。确定了最佳工艺条件为:催化剂用量为焦油质量的1.5%,反应温度为170℃,反应时间为1.5 h,反应过程的空气流量为300 m3/(h·t),产物沥青的收率为92%以上。红外和核磁共振氢谱表明乙烯焦油发生了催化氧化聚合反应。经检测所获得沥青产品的质量完全满足GB/T 15180—2010要求。     

乙烯焦油的研究利用进展

乙烯焦油是乙烯生产过程中的原料高温缩合产物,目前主要用作燃料油,经济价值较低。在分析乙烯焦油各馏分性质和组成上,提出了综合利用乙烯焦油的途径。着重指出综合利用乙烯焦油的主要用途,提高了其经济价值,对综合利用乙烯焦油的工业开发具有指导意义。     

乙烯焦油综合利用研究进展

介绍了乙烯焦油的组成及性质,详细阐述了近年来国内乙烯焦油综合利用的研究进展,分别列举了乙烯焦油轻组分、重关键组分、重组分的加工工艺,展望了今后乙烯焦油综合利用的进一步研究方向。     

乙烯焦油高附加值利用研究进展

乙烯焦油是烃类裂解生产乙烯得到的副产品,其主要成分为芳烃化合物。目前我国乙烯焦油产量逐渐递增,因此,如何高效合理地利用乙烯焦油,充分开发其内在价值、提高附加值成为一大热点话题。通过分析乙烯焦油的性质和组成特点,列举出几个乙烯焦油高附加值利用的方向,以更好地提高乙烯焦油的经济效益,并展望了今后乙烯焦油的综合利用途径。     

乙烯焦油沥青的调制及其熔融纺丝

通过对乙烯焦油的热改性工艺进行研究,经过氧化交联和高温热缩聚两段工艺成功地合成出了一系列软化点不同的纺丝级沥青,并对其纺丝工艺进行研究,得到了细长、均匀的沥青原丝,其单丝长度远远大于目前国内文献记载,并结合试验对沥青调制、纺丝压力、温度、拉伸速率、喷丝孔孔径等影响因素进行了分析。     

Production of petro/coal tar pitch by joint distillation of coal tar and heavy pyrolytic oil

The properties of petro/coal tar pitch and distillate fractions obtained in the joint distillation of coal tar and heavy pyrolytic oil from ethylene production are described. The petro/coal tar pitch is particularly reactive in heat treatment and air-blowing. The petro/coal tar pitch may be used as less carcinogenic binder and impregnating electrode pitch.     

Hydrogenation of pitch and lignite chars under pressure in the presence of pyrite

The influence of pyrite or one of its reduced forms on the hydrogenation kinetics of pitch and lignite chars is investigated. The initial chars from pitch and lignite are of low and high reactivity respectively. The experiments were carried out in a symmetrical thermobalance under pressure ranging up to 5 MPa of hydrogen and 950 °C. Addition of pyrite enhanced the reactivity of the pitch char but not that of the lignite char.     

共炭化对热缩聚及炭化工艺过程的影响

采用煤沥青闪蒸油为原料,乙烯残油为添加剂,在实验室内进行热缩聚及炭化实验。结果表明:加入添加剂后,缩聚沥青的平均分子结构得到改善,从而显著改善了针状焦的显微组织结构,同时具有良好的脱氮效果。     

Preparation of Ni nanoparticle-doped carbon fibers

Nickel nanoparticle-doped pitch (NNDP) was prepared using the detonation of a Ni-containing explosive during the thermal polycondensation of ethylene bottom oil. The NNDP melt was centrifugally electrospun into fibers and formed the Ni nanoparticle-doped carbon fibers (NNDCFs) with diameters of 2–50 μm after heat treatment.     

用场解吸质谱法(FDMS)对澄清油中间相沥青组成结构的研究

用场解吸质谱（ＦＤＭＳ）对乙烯渣油中间相沥青（ＥＴＭＰ）和澄清油中间相沥青（ＤＯＭＰ）之甲苯可溶组分（ＴＳ）的组成结构进行了对比研究。通过对两种中间相沥青ＴＳ组分质谱峰的合理归属,鉴定出了主要的组成化合物系列以及各自相对应化合物的结构,分析极限大大扩大,在ＤＯＭＰ－ＴＳ中检测到的最高质量数为９９０,相应于１６个芳环的稠环芳烃分子;在ＥＴＭＰ－ＴＳ中检测到的最高质量数为９４８。相应于１５个缩合芳环的稠环芳烃分子,ＤＯＭＰ－ＴＳ含较多的迫位缩合芳环而ＥＴＭＰ－ＴＳ含较多的渺位缩合芳环,同时对中间相沥青的组成结构与其物理化学性能作了关联。     

Carbonization behavior of hydrogenated ethylene tar pitch

Carbonization behavior of ethylene tar pitch has been studied with respect to mesophase formation by means of modification of the chemical composition of the starting materials. The hydrogen treatment of ethylene tar pitch has been carried out over the temperature range from 473 to 673 K under a pressure of 10 MPa without catalyst. Then, the hydrogenated ethylene tar pitches were carbonized at 723 K and the optical texture of the resultant cokes were assesed by optical microscopy. It was revealed that the carbonization of the ethylene tar pitch hydrogenated at 673 K gives a coke of optical texture with enlarged flow-domain. The hydrogen-transfer ability of the ethylene tar pitches during the temperature range of mesophase formation was estimated by the method of 9,10 dihydroanthracene (DHA) formation through co-carbonization of the pitch with anthracene. It was recognized that the larger the amount of conversion of DHA, the better is the development of optical texture.     

Characteristics and mechanism of catalytic effect of inner minerals on combustion of oil shale coke

The micro fluidized bed reaction analyzer (MFBRA) was used to study the combustion characteristics of oil shale mineral catalytic semi-coke. This study compared the effect of minerals inside char and bed material (oil shale ash) outside char on char combustion, and the process and mechanism of char combustion in the fluidized bed were further revealed. Both of minerals inside char and bed material outside char had a marked catalysis for char combustion and their combined catalysis was most notable. It is found that the CaO and Fe₂O₃ were the major active components in oil shale minerals for catalytic combustion of char, and the catalysis of CaO was stronger than that of Fe₂O₃. The activation energy of char combustion ranged from 60.41 kJ/mol to 78.97 kJ/mol, and it would significantly decrease with presence of the catalysis by minerals in oil shale. For char combustion in a fluidized bed, the contribution of minerals to catalytic combustion was mainly reflected in four reactions, such as volatiles cracking and combustion, surface carbon combustion, internal carbon combustion and CO combustion.     

油页岩矿物质催化半焦燃烧特性及机理

利用微型流化床反应分析仪（MFBRA）研究了油页岩矿物质催化半焦燃烧特性,重点考察了半焦内部矿物质和外部页岩灰床料对半焦燃烧的催化作用,揭示了流化床反应器中半焦燃烧过程和机理。结果表明：内部矿物质和外部床料对半焦燃烧均具有明显催化作用,而两者共同催化效果最为显著。矿物质中CaO和Fe₂O₃对半焦燃烧具有催化活性,CaO催化作用强于Fe₂O₃。油页岩半焦燃烧反应活化能在60.41~78.97 kJ/mol之间,矿物质的催化作用会明显降低反应活化能。流化床反应器中,矿物质对半焦燃烧的催化作用主要表现在四个反应,即：挥发分裂解和燃烧、半焦表面炭燃烧、半焦内部炭燃烧以及一氧化碳燃烧。     

Carbonization of hydrogenated ethylene tar pitch; study of the pitch molecular compactness factor and coke optical texture

Compactness factors of aromatic molecules in hydrogenated ethylene tar pitch were calculated as a parameter to relate to properties of mesophase of the carbonization system. Compactness factors, φ, derived from structural analyses of hydrogenated ethylene tar pitch were also related to the size and shape of optical textures of resultant cokes. Hydrogenated ethylene tar pitches having values of φ 〉 0.5 gave cokes with flow type anisotropy and relate to formation of peri-condensed structures. The spin-lattice relaxation times, T₁, for the cokes derived from hydrogenated ethylene tar pitch, are related to their optical texture.     

聚苯乙烯高温快速热解制备苯乙烯的研究

将聚苯乙烯(PS)溶于甲苯以雾化方式进料,在管式反应器中借助高温短停留时间快速热解制取苯乙烯,探讨了热解温度、停留时间、热解气氛、喷嘴口径等反应条件对热解的影响。结果表明,随停留时间增加,油相和苯乙烯收率总体呈上升趋势;苯乙烯收率随热解温度升高呈先增加后下降趋势,890 ℃时苯乙烯收率最大达到36.67 %;热解气主要为甲烷、乙烯和丙烯,其收率随停留时间和热解温度增加而增加;引入水蒸气可以减少反应结炭;喷嘴口径明显影响油相和苯乙烯收率。