ZrN/TiN复合涂层刀具的制备及其磨损性能研究

采用中频磁控溅射和电弧离子镀两种方法组合在硬质合金基体上沉积ZrN／TiN复合涂层，采用切削试验来研究ZrN／TiN涂层对硬质合金刀具切削性能的影响。结果表明：ZrN／TiN复合涂层提高了硬质合金刀具的硬度，涂层刀具的显微硬度受基体硬度的影响，基体YG6、YT14涂层后的显微硬度分别可达2300HV，2500HV；使涂层刀具切削力的降低了20％；提高了涂层刀具的耐磨损能力。     

ZrN涂层YT15硬质合金刀具的制备与切削性能研究

应用多功能PVD涂层设备,选择了最佳的工艺参数,采用中频磁控溅射和电弧离子镀的组合工艺方法,在YT15硬质合金基体上沉积ZrN涂层,测试了涂层的物理胜能参数。通过切削试验研究了ZrN涂层对YT15硬质合金刀具切削性能的影响,并与未涂层刀具的切削效果做了对比,结果表明：ZrN涂层增强了刀具的硬度,降低了切削力,提高了刀具的耐磨损能力。     

ZrN涂层YT15硬质合金刀具的制备及切削性能

采用中频磁控溅射和电弧离子镀相结合的方法,在YT15硬质合金刀片上制备了三种ZrN涂层,测试了涂层的物理性能,并通过切削试验研究了不同ZrN涂层对YT15硬质合金刀具切削性能的影响,并与无涂层刀具的切削效果进行了对比。结果表明:ZrN涂层的硬度较YT15硬质合金刀具的提高了12 GPa;三种涂层刀具中,有锆过渡层的ZrN涂层刀具降低了切削过程中刀具的切削力,使刀具的耐磨损性能得到提高。     

硬质合金刀具表面磁控溅射TiN涂层的摩擦磨损性能研究

对硬质合金刀具进行磁控溅射离子镀TiN 处理,并将其与未镀层硬质合金刀具试样在相同的条件下进行滑动摩擦实验,比较其摩擦磨损性能并分析了磨损机制.结果表明,磁控溅射离子镀TiN涂层能使刀具获得高硬度层,有效降低刀具表面的摩擦因数,明显提高硬质合金刀具的耐磨性能.     

高温合金刀具AlTiN涂层结构研究

随着我国航空航天行业的迅速发展,以镍基合金为代表的高温合金加工制造增多。高温合金具有优异的高温强度,良好的抗氧化和抗热腐蚀性能,良好的疲劳性能、断裂韧性等综合性能,在切削加工中存在切削温度高、导热性差、加工硬化等特性,因此,要实现高效、高质量的加工,必须重视刀具寿命。刀具寿命与刀具涂层有密切关系,本文通过研究刀具涂层性能来改善刀具寿命。采用电弧离子镀法进行涂层,通过研究不同偏压和沉积温度,在钨钢(硬质合金)基体上完成AlTiN涂层的制备;用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及能谱仪(EDS)观察涂层的表面和截面形貌,并分析涂层的成分,用X衍射仪(XRD)分析涂层的物相结构,用纳米硬度计测量涂层的纳米硬度H、杨氏模量E和抗塑性变形因子H~3/E~2,利用微米划痕仪分析涂层与基体的结合力;对所制备的不同涂层刀具进行GH4169高温合金切削加工试验,通过涂层刀具后刀面磨损值VB判断涂层切削性能。     

TiAlN涂层刀具切削性能及磨损机理研究

为研究Ti Al N涂层刀具的切削性能和磨损机理,首先采用304不锈钢球对Ti Al N涂层进行摩擦磨损试验,对其磨损形态和摩擦系数进行分析比较。同时,釆用电弧离子镀技术基于YT15硬质合金刀具制备了YT15-TiAlN涂层刀具,并利用该刀具对40Cr钢进行了切削试验;同时,将涂层摩擦磨损特性、切削力以及刀具磨损机理作为衡量指标进行讨论研究,并与未涂层刀具进行对比。结果表明,YT15-TiAlN涂层刀具的切削性能大幅提高,Ti Al N涂层改善了刀具的摩擦特性,抗磨损能力大大增加,刀具的使用寿命提高了约1倍左右。     

Cr/x/DLC复合涂层刀具切削铝硅合金切削性能研究

类金刚石(Diamond-Like Carbon,DLC)涂层刀具结合了基体强度高、韧性好以及涂层硬度高、耐磨性高的优点,可以有效降低刀-屑间摩擦,提高刀具切削寿命和加工效率。采用直流磁控溅射和等离子体辅助化学气相沉积(Plasma-Assisted Chemical Vapor Deposition,PACVD)法分别在硬质合金刀具基体上制备了单一DLC涂层、Cr/W-DLC/DLC复合涂层和Cr/CrN/DLC复合涂层。对比研究了具有不同Cr/x/DLC过渡层的DLC复合涂层硬质合金刀具加工过共晶结构铝硅合金AC9B的切削性能。研究结果表明:切削铝硅合金时,相对于无涂层硬质合金刀具,DLC涂层硬质合金刀具可以明显降低切削力和切削温度,并且具有更长的刀具切削寿命;Cr/W-DLC/DLC复合涂层硬质合金刀具的切削力最小,切削寿命最长。经显微分析,发现DLC涂层硬质合金刀具切削铝硅合金时的磨损机理主要是黏结磨损和硬质点磨损。     

Q235钢表面超音速电弧喷涂制备FeCrBSiNi耐磨涂层的性能

以FeCrBSiNi丝材为原料,利用自有专利技术的超音速电弧喷枪及喷涂装置在工业锅炉用Q235钢表面制备FeCrBSiNi涂层,研究了涂层的孔隙率、微观形貌、显微硬度、耐磨性能和结合强度。结果表明:超音速电弧喷涂制备的FeCrBSiNi涂层的孔隙率为0.71%,涂层与基体的结合界面相对平整,涂层没有明显的分层现象,涂层结构致密,孔洞较少;FeCrBSiNi涂层的平均显微硬度为720HV0.3,远高于基体Q235钢的;涂层与基体以机械结合为主,结合强度可达到60MPa;摩擦磨损试验后,基体的质量损失是涂层的28倍,涂层的耐磨性能远优于基体的。     

MDT涂层高温滑动摩擦特性试验研究

针对TiAlN涂层刀具的耐磨性,以镍铬合金为摩擦副,利用MS-W6000型高温摩擦试验机研究了劈裂电弧(MDT)和传统电弧离子镀两种涂层工艺制备的TiAlN涂层的摩擦磨损性能。试验结果表明:在室温下,传统电弧离子镀涂层的摩擦性能较差;在高温下,两种涂层的摩擦性能相近,但MDT涂层的稳定性更好。     

新型电弧离子镀AlTiN涂层的制备及其切削性能的研究

采用一种新的PVD电弧离子镀技术,在硬质合金立铣刀上沉积了新型AlTiN涂层。研究了新型电弧离子镀沉积的AlTiN涂层的硬度,表面形貌,结合强度及其高速铣削淬硬钢的切削性能,并与传统电弧离子镀制备的AlTiN涂层进行了对比。结果表明,新型电弧离子镀制备的AlTiN涂层不仅具有传统电弧离子镀的优良结合力,而且比传统电弧离子镀制备的AlTiN涂层具有硬度更大,表面更加光滑等优点,从而在高速铣削淬硬钢的切削试验中表现出更长的切削寿命。     

硬质合金刀具高能离子源增强多弧镀AlCrTiSiN梯度涂层制备及性能研究

采用离子源增强的多弧离子镀新技术,在硬质合金刀具表面制备了不同含Si层梯度结构的AlCrTiSiN梯度涂层,并对涂层组织结构、残余应力、结合强度、摩擦磨损以及铣削和钻削加工灰铸铁性能进行了详细的研究。结果表明：不同含Si层梯度结构的AlCrTiSiN涂层主要由固溶的(Al,Cr) N、(Al,Ti) N相和非晶态Si₃N₄相组成。其中,含Si层梯度变化最缓和的G3(Gradient 3)涂层具有较高的结合强度,较低的残余压应力、摩擦因数和磨损率。铣削和钻削试验显示,涂层刀具的切削磨损机理主要表现为磨粒磨损和粘着磨损。G3涂层降低了磨粒磨损,其刀具的铣削和钻削寿命均最高,这主要得益于其含Si层的梯度设计、适当的压应力(-3.8 GPa)以及良好的膜基结合强度。研究结果表明,通过对含Si层进行梯度设计可显著提高涂层刀具的切削性能。     

Friction and Wear Behavior of WS2/Zr Self-lubricating Soft Coatings in Dry Sliding Against 40Cr-Hardened Steel Balls

WS₂ and WS₂/Zr self-lubricating soft coatings were produced by medium-frequency magnetron sputtering, multi-arc ion plating and ion-beam-assisted deposition technique on the cemented carbide YT15 (WC + 15 % TiC + 6 % Co) substrates. Microstructural and fundamental properties of these coatings were examined. Sliding wear tests against 40Cr-hardened steel using a ball-on-disk tribometer method were carried out with these coated materials. The friction coefficient and wear rates were measured with various applied loads and sliding speeds. The wear surface features of the coatings were examined using SEM. The results showed that the WS-1 specimen (with WS₂/Zr composite coating) has higher hardness and coating/substrate critical load compared with that of the WS-2 specimen (only with WS₂ coating). The friction coefficient of WS-1 specimen increases with the increase in applied load and is quite insensitive to the sliding speed. The wear rate of the WS-1 specimen is almost constant under different applied loads and sliding speeds. The WS-1 specimen shows the smallest friction coefficient and wear rate among all the specimens tested under the same conditions. The WS-1 specimen exhibits improved friction behavior to that of the WS-2 specimen, and the antiwear lifetime of the WS₂ coatings can be prolonged through adding Zr additives. The self-lubricating and wear mechanism of the WS₂/Zr coating was also found from the sliding wear tests.     

Study on cutting forces and experiment of MoS2/Zr-coated cemented carbide tool

MoS₂/Zr composite films were deposited on the cemented carbide YT14 (WC+14%TiC+6%Co) by medium-frequency magnetron sputtered coupled with multi-arc ion plating techniques. The thickness, micro-hardness, and coating/substrate adhesion strength of the coatings were tested. Surface morphologies of the composite coatings, as well as wear features, were investigated by scanning electron microscopy. Dry machining tests on hardened steel were carried out with the coated tool and uncoated YT15 tool. The variation of cutting forces for 45# hardened steel was tested by the Kistler force tester. The result shows that the cutting forces of coated tool were decreased by 25–30%, and flank wear resistance was improved by 30–35% in comparison with the uncoated YT15 tool. Through the analysis of cutting force distribution theory, the lower mean shear stress on the MoS₂/Zr-coated tool face leads to the decrease of cutting force and increase of tool wear resistance.     

真空电弧离子镀ZrN涂层的工艺与性能

采用真空阴极电弧离子镀在不同基体材料上镀ZrN涂层,试验研究了ZrN薄膜的沉积工艺与性能,分析了基体偏压和沉积真空度对ZrN薄膜显微结构与性能的影响。XRD结果表明,随着偏压升高和炉底真空度的降低,ZrN（111）衍射峰逐渐增强,而（200）衍射峰逐渐减弱;炉底真空度降低,试样表面液滴状况明显变好。     

Performance of PVD (Zr,Ti)N-coated cemented carbide inserts in cutting processes

(Zr,Ti)N coatings with two different gradient structures were deposited on YT15-cemented carbide inserts by multi arc ion plating. Microstructure and properties of these coatings were examined. Dry cutting tests of these coated inserts against 40Cr hardened steel are carried out. This paper presented a detailed analysis of the cutting performance and wear mechanism of these coated inserts. The critical load of EGC shows a little increase compared with TGC because of the thermal expansion coefficient gradient. Compared with YT15 tool, (Zr,Ti)N-coated tools lead to a high quality and good consistency of machined surface during the whole machining process; the cutting temperature will also decrease, but the cutting force change a little. The abrasive wear and boundary wear are the main mode of flank wear, and crater wear and adhesive wear are the main rake wear modes during the machining of 40Cr hardened steel. The (Zr,Ti)N coatings effectively improve the wear resistance of the tools especially the crater wear. The thermal expansion coefficient gradient structure of EGC will reduce the thermal damage of the coating, and its multi-layer structure will mitigate and block the initiation and propagation of microcracks.     

超音速火焰喷涂碳化钨钴合金涂层对橡胶密封件的磨损研究

通过磨合试验,比较了超音速火焰(HVOF)喷涂碳化钨钴合金涂层与传统的含氰镀铬镀层与橡胶密封件对磨时的磨损情况.结果表明:HVOF喷涂碳化钨钴合金涂层具有良好的耐磨性和致密性,始终保持较良好的表面状况,对非金属密封件具有良好的适应性.     

真空阴极电弧沉积（Ti,Al）N薄膜的应用研究

为了提高TiN涂层刀具的耐磨性,采用钛铝合金靶,以真空阴极电弧沉积法制备了（Ti,Al)N涂层,对膜层形貌成分,组织结构及硬度进行了测试及研究,并试验了（Ti,Al)N涂层高速钢钻头及YG6硬质合金刀具的使用寿命,结果表明：（Ti,Al)N涂层硬度高达HV0．1,15,3700,（Ti,Al)N涂层使高速钢钻头及YG6硬质合金刀具的使用寿命显著提高。