几种电弧喷涂涂层抗热腐蚀性能研究

本文研究了两种铁基合金、两种镍基合金的电弧喷涂涂层,在650℃表面涂盐情况下的腐蚀动力学规律,并对腐蚀后的涂层表面进行了分析。试验结果表明,两种铁基合金涂层发生了较严重的以加速氧化为特征的低温热腐蚀,两种镍基合金涂层具有良好的耐蚀性能。其中,国产的SL30材料(一种高铬、高镍合金)制各的涂层抗腐蚀性能与美国的45CT材料相差不多,价格相对较低,是一种综合性能优异的材料。     

纳米镍涂层对铜合金耐腐蚀性能的影响

通过电镀在铜合金表面获得晶粒尺寸分别为10～20 nm和0.2～0.3μm的镍涂层,采用透射电子显微镜对涂层的微观结构进行表征,采用电化学方法和盐雾试验测试了涂层的耐蚀性。结果表明：纳米镍涂层的腐蚀电位较高,试样表面形成了致密的Ni(OH)₂钝化膜,能有效隔绝腐蚀介质,耐腐蚀性能最好;经过216 h盐雾试验后,纳米镍涂层表面仍可观察到镜面光泽,微米镍涂层表面出现了明显的腐蚀产物堆积,这进一步证明纳米镍涂层的耐蚀性更好。     

HVOF喷涂纳米WC-12Co涂层的性能研究

为促进HVOF喷涂纳米WC-12Co涂层在工业上的应用,采用HVOF喷涂法分别制备了纳米和微米结构WC-12Co涂层.研究了涂层的结合强度,测试了两种涂层的显微硬度及耐冲蚀磨损性能,并利用扫描电镜对喷涂粉末、涂层显微组织、冲蚀表面形貌进行了分析.研究结果表明：两种涂层中纳米涂层显微硬度是普通涂层的1.5倍,最高达到1610 HV,纳米涂层中W C颗粒的分布更均匀,冲蚀率是微米级涂层的1/2左右,性能更优越.     

Pt-Al涂层对一种镍基单晶高温合金抗热腐蚀行为的影响

采用电镀Pt和化学气相沉积渗铝法在一种镍基单晶高温合金表面制备Pt-Al涂层,该涂层为单一β-(Ni,Pt)Al相结构.选用涂盐法分别在无涂层和Pt-Al涂层试样表面涂覆Na2SO4盐,并在900℃常压炉中进行热腐蚀实验.通过热腐蚀动力学、热腐蚀产物、热腐蚀宏观表面形貌和微观结构的对比,分析Pt-Al涂层对镍基单晶高温合金热腐蚀行为的影响.采用XRD、SEM、EDS和EPMA等检测方法进行分析.实验结果表明:经900℃热腐蚀后,Pt-Al涂层可以提高基体合金的抗热腐蚀性能,Pt-Al涂层试样的热腐蚀速率小于无涂层试样;β-(Ni,Pt)Al相中的Pt原子能够抑制S原子向β-(Ni,Pt)Al相中扩散,将S原子阻隔在氧化物-金属界面处,从而降低基体合金的热腐蚀速率;Pt原子也能够将大量难熔的Ta原子阻隔在互扩散区内,仅有少量的Ta原子扩散到氧化物中,减少了Ta2O5的形成;此外,Pt-Al涂层能够在一定程度上抑制氧化膜-金属界面处孔洞的形成.     

EIS STUDY ON THE EFFECTS OF HEAT TREATMENT ON CORROSION BEHAVIOR OF NICKEL BASE ALLOY COATING

采用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)方法在碳钢基体上制备了NiCrBSi喷涂层, 对包覆样 品进行900 ℃保温2 h或10 min热处理, 利用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究了涂层在3.5%NaCl 水溶液中的腐蚀失效过程和耐蚀性的变化规律. EIS图谱分析表明, 喷态涂层抗介质渗透能力 差, 腐蚀20 h后介质可渗达碳钢基体;900 ℃, 2 h保温热处理涂层腐蚀 15 h后EIS谱发生明 显变化, 产生局部腐蚀;而900 ℃, 10 min处理涂层为均匀腐蚀, EIS谱形可长时间保持稳定. 利用等效电路拟合, 获取了涂层界面反应阻力(腐蚀抗力)随时间变化的关系, 显示高温短 时(10 min)热处理涂层的界面反应阻力高且稳定, 其耐蚀性和抗介质渗透能力远优于喷态 涂层, 但2 h保温热处理涂层的耐蚀性比喷态涂层的差. 利用组织结构分析解释了热处理影响 涂层腐蚀行为的原因.     

Cr元素含量对镍基合金涂层抗热腐蚀行为的影响

采用高速电弧喷涂技术在20G钢基体表面制备三种铬含量不同的镍基合金涂层.光学显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和能谱分析等技术对涂层微观组织结构、相组成及成分进行分析.选用摩尔比为7:3的Na₂SO₄+K₂SO₄水溶液涂敷刷在涂层表面,分析涂层在650℃下的抗热腐蚀性能.结果表明,涂层的腐蚀动力学曲线基本符合抛物线规律;四种涂层表面均形成了致密连续的NiO和Cr₂O₃保护膜.随着铬含量升高,涂层表面氧化膜中Cr₂O₃含量升高,NiO逐渐减少,涂层抗热腐蚀性能明显提高.Ni-30Cr,Ni-45Cr,Ni-50Cr涂层抗热腐蚀性能分别为20G钢基体的10,15和20倍;Ni-50Cr涂层抗腐蚀性能是美国Tafa 45CT材料的1.4倍.     

等离子喷涂常规和纳米ZrO2-7％Y2O3热障涂层隔热性能

采用等离子喷涂工艺在TiAl合金表面制备常规和纳米ZrO2-7％Y2O3(质量分数)热障涂层,分析了两种涂层的组织结构,并对其隔热性能进行了比较.结果表明,等离子喷涂常规热障涂层呈典型的层状堆积特征,而纳米涂层为特殊的两相结构.相对于常规涂层,纳米涂层有较好的隔热性能;在1100℃时,等离子喷涂常规及纳米涂层的隔热温度分别为83、127℃.     

热处理对N80钢表面镍基合金涂层CO2腐蚀性能的影响

利用等离子热喷涂技术在N80钢表面制备了镍基合金涂层,并进行高温扩散处理。通过CO2高温高压腐蚀试验评价涂层在模拟油田环境中的耐蚀性能,利用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)方法分析了涂层的微观形貌和相组成。结果表明,镍基合金涂层由单质Ni相及固溶体Cr1.2Ni2.88、FeNi3、MoO2和CuO组成。经过600℃扩散处理后,涂层内原子结构更为致密。涂层的CO2高温高压腐蚀速率为0.0046mm/a,是原始涂层的1/100,具有优良的抗CO2高温高压腐蚀性能。     

纳米 NiCrBSi-TiB2 涂层在硫酸熔盐中的热腐蚀行为研究

目的研究纳米NiCrBSi-TiB2涂层在800℃下的Na2SO4-30%(质量分数)K2SO4熔盐中的热腐蚀行为。方法采用超音速火焰技术在中碳钢表面喷涂纳米NiCrBSi-TiB2涂层,以饱和Na2SO4-30%K2SO4溶液为腐蚀介质,研究该涂层在800℃时的热腐蚀行为。结果微米涂层晶粒粗大,Si的扩散系数低,易出现贫Si富Cr层,形成的Cr2O3膜在碱性熔盐中具有较低的溶解度,对涂层具有良好的保护作用。结论微米涂层在Na2SO4-30%K2SO4熔盐中具有更优的抗热腐蚀性能。     

等离子体喷涂纳米结构YPSZ涂层腐蚀行为研究

研究采用等离子体喷涂制备纳米结构YPSZ涂层.通过X射线衍射分析、扫描电子显微镜对纳米结构YPSZ涂层的耐腐蚀性与涂层的微观组织结构的关系进行研究.结果表明由于涂层孔隙尺寸的降低,孔隙率的增大使纳米结构YPSZ涂层的耐盐腐蚀性能降低,耐高温腐蚀性能提高.纳米结构涂层经过盐腐蚀或高温腐蚀后纳米晶粒明显长大,并出现微小的晶格变化及相转变现象.     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

The Mirror with Patterns of Auspicious Animals and Grapes——Exquisite cast mirror and the technology of surface tin-enrichment by rubbing-in and infiltration of tin-rich powder

<正>Bronze mirrors were used by the Chinese people before the introduction of the glass mirror.Only after it was replaced by the glass mirror did the bronze mirror gradually retreat from people's lives.Different styles of bronze mirrors were made in different historical periods,particularly in the Warring States Period,the Han and Tang Dynasties,which were the three peaks of the development of bronze mirror arts in ancient China.The casting techniques were exquisite.The surface of the bronze mirror was smooth and bright enough to reflect one's image,and there were scarcely any casting defects on the mirror surface.On the back of the bronze mirror,there were rich depictions of Arts and Humanities,and the ornamentations were also     

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress & Exhibition

The 9th China International Diecasting Congress ＆ Exhibition was held on July 22-24, 2014 at Shanghai New International Expc Centre. This exhibition was the most successful over the years, with over 6890 visitors and 155 exhibitors, and the exhibition area increased by 30% from 9,500 square meters in 2012 to 12340 square meters. Die casting enterprises from a total of 24 countries and regions, including China mainland, Chinese Taiwan and Hong Kong, South Korea, Japan, Germany, India, Thailand, Malaysia, the United States, Russia, Australia, Iran, Ukraine, Brazil, Colombia, Singapore, Austria, Canada, Croatia, France, Turkey, United Kingdom, Vietnam, attended the congress and exhibition.     

Introduction of the Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology

正The Fluid Control Engineering Institute of Kunming University of Science and Technology was set up in 1996.The researches of institute concentrate on electro-hydraulic(pneumatic)servo/proportional control and hydromechatronics.The Institute is committed to research and development of electro-hydraulic control of high-end technical equipment in ferrous metallurgy refining produc-     

RARE METALS Volume Contents

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Antimony Induced Crystallization of Amorphous Silicon

Antimony induced crystallization of PVD (physics vapor deposition) amorphous silicon can be observed on sapphire substrates. Very large crystalline regions up to several tens of micrometers can be formed. The Si diffraction patterns of the area of crystallization can be observed with TEM (transmission electron microscopy). Only a few and much smaller crystals of the order of 1μm were formed when the antimony layer was deposited by MBE (molecular beam epitaxy) compared with a layer formed by thermal evaporation. The use of high vacuum is essential in order to observe any Sb induced crystallization at all. In addition it is necessary to take measures to limit the evaporation of the antimony.     

A CUMULATIVE FATIGUE DAMAGE RULE UNDER THE ALTERNATIVE OF CORROSION OR CYCLIC LOADING

Fatigue damage increases with the applied loading cycles in a cumulative manner and the material deteriorates with the corrosion time. A cumulative fatigue damage rule under the alternative of corrosion or cyclic loading was proposed. The specimens of aluminum alloy LY12-CZ soaked in corrosive liquid for different times were tested under the constant amplitude cyclic loading to obtain S-N curves. The test was carried out to verify the proposed cumulative fatigue damage rule under the different combinations among corrosion time, loading level, and the cycle numbers. It was shown that the predicted residual fatigue lives showed a good agreement with the experimental results and the proposed rule was simple and can be easily adopted.