自激振荡管道式絮凝器的机理研究及实验

涡旋运动产生的剪切力和离心惯性力是絮凝颗粒产生接触碰撞的主要作用力,而涡旋剪切力是絮凝反应的主导动力。根据这一原理,结合自激振荡脉冲射流产生机理,在管道式絮凝器中设计自激振荡腔室完成絮凝剂和原水的混合搅拌工作,并利用自激振荡原理产生有利于微絮体生成的水力条件,使絮凝效率得到提高。     

自激振荡脉冲磨料水射流的研究

对自激振荡脉冲磨料水射流进行了大量的理论和实验研究 ,并与前混合磨料水射流进行了对比实验。结果表明 ,自激振荡脉冲磨料水射流具有很好的发展和应用前景。     

自激振荡脉冲磨科水射流的研究

对自激振荡脉冲磨料水射流进行了大量的理论和实验研究，并与前混合磨料水射流进行了对比实验。结果表明，自激振荡脉冲磨料水射流具有很好的发展和应用前景。     

自激振荡脉冲射流喷嘴的试验研究

主要对实验室实验(振荡腔内流体压力的测定;非淹没射流条件下的实验分析;在淹没和非淹没条件下自激振荡脉冲射流的冲蚀效果;碰撞壁碰撞区域的磨损对自激振荡脉冲射流的影响等)及工业现场实验的主要结果作系统介绍。     

利用神经网络控制技术消除车削过程自激振荡的仿真研究

车削过程自激振荡是一种以残留振痕作为机械延时反馈造成的动态失稳现象,消除这一现象是机械加工过程中的技术关键之一。将人工神经网络理论引入非线性或不稳定系统行为的控制,即可形成一种基于神经网络控制技术的消除车削过程自激振荡的新方法。仿真结果表明,该方法在消除残留振痕引起的车削再生颤振,提高车削稳定性方面具有特殊的作用。     

自激振荡磨料射流原理及切割实验研究

综合前混合式磨料射流与自激振荡水射流的优点,提出了自激振荡磨料射流,并从理论上研究了自激振荡磨料射流喷嘴的结构及工作机理。研究表明,自激振荡磨料射流的最大钻孔速度,切割深度分别比前混合磨料射流提高了４１％和３４％。     

自激振荡式天然气管道增输器设计及数值计算

基于低压大流量自激振荡射流形成及自激振荡脉冲气体的运动规律,提出了固-脉冲波峰点接触的"滚动摩擦"自激振荡脉冲式天然气管道输送运动形式。分析了下游喷嘴直径、腔室直径、腔室长度和腔室碰撞壁倾角等结构参数对天然气管道减阻增输特性的影响,并确定了较优的自激振荡脉冲腔室无量纲参数。研究结果表明:腔室下喷嘴直径反映自激振荡脉冲射流的过流特性,腔室直径影响自激振荡脉冲射流涡旋配对效果,腔室长度与自激振荡脉冲射流振荡频率及脉动幅值有关,碰撞壁倾斜角直接决定腔室涡漩中心的位置,进而产生周期性高压脉冲射流团的特殊聚能效应。计算后获得的自激振荡脉冲腔室较优无量纲参数为:腔室下游喷嘴与上喷嘴直径比为1.3,腔室长度与上喷嘴直径比为2.4,腔室直径与上喷嘴直径比为6,腔室碰撞壁倾斜角度为120°。     

电液伺服阀自激振荡问题的研究及其改进措施

电液伺服阀是某液压伺服控制系统中的一个关键控制元件,但是在实际使用过程中出现了自激振荡现象。通过理论分析和试验研究,结合实际给出了相应的解决方案。系统试验验证的结果表明,改进措施有效,系统性能稳定,工作可靠。     

啄木鸟装置自激振动的动态仿真

啄木鸟装置可以产生自激振动,这种运动需要依赖摩擦力的作用,从而完成一系列的动作。为了研究啄木鸟装置系统的非线性的复杂运动过程,通过拉格朗日方程对自激振动中线性互补问题进行求解,从而得到啄木鸟装置的运动特性。啄木鸟装置可以通过自身的自激振动,而不需要依赖任何的动力和控制完成周期性的运动。整个连续周期的动态仿真表明其是稳定的周期被动运动,试验样机也验证了仿真的正确性。     

Symptoms of self-excited combustion oscillation and their detection

Monitoring of OH chemiluminescence through an optical fiber was demonstrated to be a useful method in detecting self-excited combustion oscillations. OH chemiluminescence intensity detected by the optical fiber showed mostly excellent agreement with those obtained by high speed CCD camera measurements when combustion oscillations were strong. Symptoms of self-excited combustion oscillation were also studied in order to predict the onset of combustion oscillation before it proceeded to a catastrophic failure. For the purpose, we have found and proposed unique measures to tell the onset of self-excited combustion oscillations based on the careful statistics of fluctuating properties in flames, such as pressure or emission of OH radicals.     

自励式缓速器瞬态温度场数值分析

基于传热学理论和有限元的自励式缓速器瞬态温度场数值分析,建立了转子瞬态温度场数学模型,推导了内热源强度及深度计算公式,确定了相关的边界条件,详细阐述了瞬态温度场控制方程离散化、边界条件及源项处理,研究了在不同初始转速下转子瞬态温度场的径向分布及转子外表面温度随时间的变化规律.试验表明:温度上升过程中,基于上述模型的瞬态温度理论值与试验测试值能够较好的吻合,为自励式缓速器结构散热设计提供了重要依据,同时分析了试验测试值与理论仿真之间的误差原因.     

斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器在管道中的传热数值模拟研究

管内设置一种斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器,利用计算软件F luent进行数值模拟研究,研究以烟气为加热介质,冷空气为冷却介质的换热方式在不同Re数下不同攻角和倾角的传热及阻力特性,并与光管进行了对比。结果表明:斜截半椭圆柱面涡发生器能明显提高换热性能,在所研究的纵向涡发生器中,攻角为60°,倾角为15°时,涡发生器强化传热综合效果最佳。     

空气静压轴颈轴承力学性能的分析优化

为提升小孔节流空气静压轴颈轴承的静、动力学性能,针对轴承间隙的流场特性与轴承的承载力、位移阻抗性能进行分析与优化。采用数值仿真方法分析轴承间隙的流场特性,并在参数设计中消除了气膜流场中的超音速区,以避免微振动;分析轴承气膜的刚度、阻尼性能,并采用ESA-CFD（Engineering Simplification Algorithm-Computational Fluid Dynamics）方法计算轴承振动系统的位移阻抗。结果表明,气膜压力自小孔至外边界逐渐衰减,小孔出口出现激波可导致漩涡流动并引起微振动,微振动形成机制与止推轴承相似。建立优化设计数学模型,以轴颈轴承的位移阻抗、承载力为设计目标,并消除轴承微振动,其中考虑多组偏心率与激励频率的组合。通过优化设计,提升了轴颈轴承的力学性能,相关优化、分析过程可为工程应用中空气静压轴颈轴承的设计提供参考。     

Characteristics of self-excited combustion oscillation and combustion control by forced pulsating mixture supply

Characteristics of self-excited combustion oscillation are experimentally studied using confined premixed flames stabilized by a rearward-facing step. A new idea to suppress combustion oscillation was applied to the flames. The characteristics of unsteady combustion were examined, which is driven by forced pulsating mixture supply that can modulate its amplitude and frequency. The self-excited combustion oscillation having weaker flow velocity fluctuation intensity than that of the forced pulsating supply can be suppressed by the method. The effects of the forced pulsation amplitude and frequency on controlling self-excited combustion oscillations were also investigated comparing with the steady mixture supply. The unsteady combustion used in this experiment plays an important role in controlling self-excited combustion oscillations, and it also exhibits desirable performances, from a practical point of view, such as high combustion load and reduced pollutant emissions of nitric oxide.     

自激振荡脉冲射流频率特性实验研究

为了研究射流峰值压力频率和脉冲射流峰值压力以及自激振荡装置结构参数间的相互关系,运用流体网络理论建立了自激振荡装置相似网络模型,并完成了单腔室自激振荡脉冲实验。相似网络模型和实验结果表明:脉冲压力峰值频率不仅取决于系统的固有频率,还决定于系统的阻尼比;射流压力峰值频率随腔长的增大而减小,随泵压的升高而增大,存在一个最佳腔长使射流峰值压力最大;自激振荡装置具有低波滤通性,当来流脉动主频与自激振荡装置固有频率相近时,脉冲射流压力峰值最大。     

蝶板摆动单向分度机构的特性分析

由于气压传动的优点,由气缸往复直线移动驱动的分度机构应用越来越广,蝶板摆动单向分度机构就是其中之一。通过对蝶板摆动单向分度机构的特性分析,说明了各分度元件的有关尺寸对该分度机构特性的影响。     

Effects of semi-floating ring bearing outer clearance on the subsynchronous oscillation of turbocharger rotor

Semi-floating ring bearing(SFRB) is developed to control the vibration of turbocharger rotor. The outer clearance of SFRB affects the magnitude and frequency of nonlinear whirl motion, which is significant for the design of turbocharger. In order to explore the effects of outer clearance, a transient finite element analysis program for rotor and oil film bearing is built and validated by a published experimental case. The nonlinear dynamic behaviors of rotor-SFRB system are simulated. According to the simulation results,two representative subsynchronous oscillations excited by the two bearings respectively are discovered. As the outer clearance of SFRB increases from 24 μm to 60 μm, the low-frequency subsynchronous oscillation experiences three steps, including a strong start, a gradual recession and a combination with the other one. At the same time, the high-frequency subsynchronous oscillation starts to appear gradually, then strengthens, and finally combines. If gravity and unbalance are neglected, the combination will start starts from high rotor speed and extents to low rotor speed, just like a zipper. It is found from the quantitative analysis that when the outer clearance increases, the vibration amplitude experiences large value firstly, then reduction, and suddenly increasing after combination. A useful design principle of SFRB outer clearance for minimum vibration amplitude is proposed: the outer clearance value should be chosen to keep the frequency of two subsynchronous oscillations clearly separated and their amplitudes close.