水循环式热泵干燥装置的分析

热泵干燥装置具有节约能源、环境友好、可低温干燥等特点。水循环式热泵干燥装置是指热泵和干燥部分通过水循环耦合而成的热泵干燥装置,与热泵和干燥部分直接耦合相比,具有不向环境排放热量、机组调控性好、对干燥过程的匹配性好、成本低等优势,是一种较适宜于中小型热泵干燥装置的结构型式。     

热泵干燥装置的技术经济及环境分析

热泵干燥具有节能、低温干燥及环境友好等优点,但与普通干燥装置相比,有初投资大等不足。本文以中小型热泵干燥装置为背景,对热泵干燥装置与普通干燥装置在采用电能、煤、天然气为能源时的技术、经济、环境特性进行了对比分析,为热泵干燥装置的应用提供了直接的参考。     

余热回收式热泵干燥装置的设计与分析

为提高热泵干燥装置的节能效率,设计并研制了能够对干燥室排出的高温气体进行余热回收的热泵干燥装置,并对其进行了性能测试。采用可编程控制器对热风的温度、湿度和风速进行调节,并可对干燥室排出的废热进行回收利用。利用该热泵干燥装置对香菇进行的干燥实验表明:该热泵出风口温度可达65℃,干燥室内温度分布均匀;与电加热干燥装置相比,该装置的干燥时间可缩短5~7 h,每度电的处理量提高了2.3倍,并且提高了干燥品质。     

热泵干燥系统优化的理论分析

用当量温度法对热泵干燥的最佳工况进行了详细的分析计算,提出热泵干燥装置最佳蒸发温度概念,它对热泵干燥装置的节能运行具有指导意义,比较了不同制冷工质的干燥效果,研究了回热循环的节能原理。     

高温热泵在木材加工行业中的应用

分析了国内外木材加工行业中高温热泵的研究与应用现状,提出了采用高温热泵回收单板干燥尾气的方案,认为当前要重视高温热泵工质及相应热泵系统的研制,发展高温热泵与太阳能和常规蒸汽干燥的联合干燥技术,使高温热泵干燥装置标准化和规范化,保证机械的产品质量与稳定性,扩大高温热泵干燥机在我国的使用范围。     

热泵干燥技术的发展及其应用的前景

1　引言热泵技术是世界上70年代末80年代初发展起来的一项高新技术。作为工业热泵技术在我国的发展也有十多年的历史了。而热泵干燥技术是以它独特的干燥原理及其高效能被人们所重视。特别是在家具、木材加工行业中的应用,优点十分显著,因此,我国早在80年代中期木材加工业就引进了德国、意大利、荷兰等热泵木材干燥装置。热泵干燥装置的市场占有比例在逐年提高,在木材干燥领域中已占到第二位。热泵技术在其它工业领域应用,随着国民经济的经济发展,也会越来越受到大家的欢迎。2　热泵干燥技术的特点热泵技术应用于干燥领域有着十分明显的优势…     

红枣超声波-热泵协同干燥动力学试验研究

为了进一步研究超声波对红枣热泵干燥过程的作用规律,本文以闭式热泵干燥系统为基础增加超声波装置建立超声波-热泵联合干燥系统,在不同温度、超声波频率、功率条件下对新鲜红枣进行超声波-热泵联合干燥试验研究。结果表明,超声波-热泵联合干燥可以加快红枣干燥速率,超声波功率的增大和频率的升高对红枣的干燥具有显著的促进效果。     

热泵干燥技术的研究进展

在干燥领域,相较于传统干燥技术,热泵干燥技术因其高效节能的优势得到广泛应用.介绍了热泵干燥系统的原理和特点,阐述了热泵干燥技术的研究现状,对热泵与其他热源联合干燥进行归类,整理了烘房结构优化研究结果,最后指出了热泵干燥技术未来的发展方向.     

空气回热闭式热泵干燥系统实验研究

空气闭式热泵干燥装置和加装空气回热器的空气闭式热泵干燥装置的对比试验表明，后者比前者除湿能耗比ＳＰＣ在某些工况下降低达２０％。对两者的循环作了理论分析。     

热泵粮食种子干燥装置研制

谷物种子的干燥处理一种是自然通风干燥．摊晒法：另一件是人工烘干处理．即热风干燥法。这里介绍一种与常现热风干燥不同的热泵除湿干燥法．它的优点主要是保证谷种的干燥质量和节约能源。本文取材于1994年1月热泵粮食种子干燥装置研制的鉴定文件．它总结了该装置研制、设计的过程和主要技术参数。     

基于流态冰的冰源热泵能效及经济性研究

基于流态冰的冰源热泵可以利用近冰点淡水或海水相变潜热作为热源,具有采暖能效高、适用性广的特点。为研究新型冰源热泵在采暖期的能效及经济性,选取我国典型供暖区域的5个城市作为研究对象,结合近5年采暖期各城市的气象参数,分别模拟计算空气源热泵、冰源热泵、地源热泵的系统能效。通过计算各热泵机组的初投资及采暖期运行费用,确定了不同类型热泵系统的静态投资回收期。结果表明,本文提出的新型冰源热泵在采暖期的系统能效较高,为2.8 ~ 3.2。相较于空气源热泵和地源热泵,哈尔滨地区冰源热泵系统的初投资及运行费用最低,不存在静态投资回收期。在北京、郑州、武汉、南京地区的静态投资回收期分别为3.0年、5.1年、2.3年、2.6年。基于流态冰的冰源热泵在冬季供暖方面有很好的应用前景。     

Exergetic performance evaluation of heat pump systems having various heat sources

In this study heat pump systems having different heat sources were investigated experimentally. Solar‐assisted heat pump (SAHP), ground source heat pump (GSHP) and air source heat pump (ASHP) systems for domestic heating were tested. Additionally, their combination systems, such as solar‐assisted‐ground source heat pump (SAGSHP), solar‐assisted‐air source heat pump (SAASHP) and ground–air source heat pump (GSASHP) were tested. All the heat pump systems were designed and constructed in a test room with 60 m² floor area in Firat University, Elazig (38.41°N, 39.14°E), Turkey. In evaluating the efficiency of heat pump systems, the most commonly used measure is the energy or the first law efficiency, which is modified to a coefficient of performance for heat pump systems. However, for indicating the possibilities for thermodynamic improvement, inadequate energy analysis and exergy analysis are needed. This study presents an exergetic evaluation of SAHP, GSHP and ASHP and their combination systems. The exergy losses in each of the components of the heat pump systems are determined for average values of experimentally measured parameters. Exergy efficiency in each of the components of the heat pump systems is also determined to assess their performances. The coefficient of performance (COP) of the SAHP, GSHP and ASHP were obtained as 2.95, 2.44 and 2.33, whereas the exergy losses of the refrigerant subsystems were found to be 1.342, 1.705 and 1.942 kW, respectively. The COP of SAGSHP, SAASHP and GSASHP as multiple source heat pump systems were also determined to be 3.36, 2.90 and 2.14, whereas the exergy losses of the refrigerant subsystems were approximately 2.13, 2.996 and 3.113 kW, respectively. In addition, multiple source heat pump systems were compared with single source heat pump systems on the basis of the COP. Exergetic performance coefficient (EPC) is introduced and is applied to the heat pump systems having various heat sources. The results imply that the functional forms of the EPC and first law efficiency are different. Results show that Ex_loss,total becomes a minimum value when EPC has a maximum value. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

几种电厂冷凝热回收系统的节能经济性对比分析

提出了两种新型的热泵回收冷凝热供热系统——汽水双热源供热量可调集中供热系统和电热泵回收冷凝热供热系统,并与现有的热泵回收冷凝热供热系统比较,分析比较各自的节能经济性。结果表明,汽水双热源供热量可调集中供热系统和电热泵回收冷凝热供热系统的经济效益比常见的吸收式热泵回收冷凝热供热系统分别高出33％和117．9％。对于296MW供热机组,汽水双热源可调集中供热系统和电热泵回收冷凝热供热系统每年可分别减排二氧化碳10万t和11．5万t。电热泵回收冷凝热供热系统节约的冷却水量要远高于其他两个系统,这对北方缺水地区意义重大。     

燃气机热泵供暖过程的计算与分析

对驱动燃气机热泵的发动机余热产生规律进行了实验研究，并对燃气机热泵建立了一个计算模型。通过计算，分析了发动机余热对燃气热泵供暖过程的影响，着重分析了部分负荷下燃气机热泵的供暖过程的特点。以上海地区的气候条件和能源价格为基础，对燃气机热泵供暖的能耗和运行费用进行了分析比较。     

Evaluation and optimization of water source heat pump for district heating: A case study in steel plant

Using high-temperature heat pump technology to recover waste heat of circulating cooling water in a steel plant for central heating system not can only reduce the temperature of circulating cooling water to meet the needs of smelting process but also can save energy and protect environment as well as bring great economic benefits to steel plant that can sell heat to the heat users. The energy consumption equation of heat pump central heating system was established based on the energy consumption of heat pump, energy consumption of water pump, and heat loss. The optimal inlet water temperature, inlet flow rate, and the number of operating heat pump modules at different outdoor temperatures were calculated by genetic algorithm. The superiority and operating control strategy of heat pump central heating system were discussed. The results show that with the increase of outdoor temperature, the optimal inlet flow rate and the number of operating heat pump module decrease. However, the inlet water temperature almost does not change. It is more suitable for the heat pump central heating system to change the inlet flow and the number of operating heat pump modules. The operating control strategy equation was established by linear fitting, which provides guidance for the engineering application of heat pump central heating system.     

地源热泵系统动态经济性分析

介绍地源热泵系统的基本原理,分析地源热泵技术的应用背景。利用费用现值法和年值法对地源热泵系统和空气源热泵系统的经济性进行计算,运用动态追加投资回收期公式得出地源热泵系统初投资的动态追加投资回收期。实例分析表明：地源热泵系统比传统空调系统运行费用低,具有明显的节能环保功效。     

太阳能跨季节储热供热系统试验分析

介绍了一种太阳能-土壤源热泵联合供热系统,对其运行试验数据进行了分析,并对其运行能效比与两种单独由土壤源热泵供热的模式进行了比较。土壤温度的变化不仅与取热速率有关,还与地温的自动恢复能力相关。该试验建筑所在的土壤条件下地温的恢复能力为30～40MJ/d。采用太阳能-土壤源热泵联合系统能效比最高,土壤源热泵单机组双供系统次之,而土壤源热泵单机组单供系统能效比最低。太阳能跨季节储热及土壤源热泵联合供热系统适用于热负荷远大于冷负荷的建筑。     

以空气为携热介质的开式太阳能蓄能热泵循环特性研究

以空气为携热介质的开式太阳能吸收式热泵系统为研究对象，在原有开式制冷循环的基础上，根据冬季蓄能热泵运行特点对系统进行改进；并以北京、西安、兰州3个地区为例，结合当地的气象条件，对循环进行计算并分析影响系统工作性能的因素。     

Vapor compression multifunctional heat pumps in China: A review of configurations and operational modes

With the growing concerns about worldwide energy and environmental sustainability, heat pump water heaters and solar water heaters became popular in China after 2000. The combinations between the heat pump air conditioner, heat pump water heater and solar water heater brought about more energy saving operational modes besides those included in the above three appliances, which promoted the development of multifunctional heat pumps. The combinations also resulted in the higher utilization ratio and lower operational cost of the heat pump, then the payback time can be shortened greatly. The rapid development of multifunctional heat pumps at the beginning of the 21st century in China indicates its promising application prospect.The heat pump air conditioner was the fundamental component of a multifunctional heat pump. Versatile configurations of multifunctional heat pumps were evolved from the integration of the domestic water heat exchanger with the refrigerant loop of the heat pump air conditioner by various approaches. This paper reviewed the development of multifunctional heat pumps in China, mainly focusing on configuration features and operational modes of the heat pump. The configuration of a multifunctional heat pump fundamentally determines the initial cost, operating cost and operating reliability. Therefore, it is reasonable to make a compromise between the simplicity of the configuration and versatile operational modes in the design of the multifunctional heat pump under different application conditions.     

燃气机热泵变负荷特性的试验研究

燃气机热泵是一项高效节能技术，在试验条件下其一次能源利用率PER为1．13～1．79。为了解交负荷时燃气机热泵的性能，通过试验得到了燃气机热泵的发动机负荷特性、发动机余热回收和燃气机热泵的总体特性曲线。结果表明：随着发动机转速的增加，燃气机热泵的COP和PER是下降的，但下降的幅度较为平缓，且保持较高的数值。通过对IPL Vcop值的分析，发现燃气机热泵的IPL Vcop比热泵系统的大，这说明燃气机热泵的部分负荷性能好，可以很好地实现交负荷运行。