2—吡唑啉类化合物发光机制的研究

本工作合成了新型的２－吡唑啉类化合物：１，３－二苯基－４－（ｐ－硝基苄叉）－３－吡唑啉，研究了该化合物在室温及低温７７Ｋ时的稳态光物理行为，结果表明：在标题化合物分子中存在着两种电荷转移机制，其一是从Ｎ１－Ｎ２－Ｃ３－苯基，基二是从Ｎ１－Ｎ２－Ｃ３－Ｃ４－Ｐ－硝基苄叉，光激发下，两种电荷转移机制相互竞争，且具有不同的发光构象。     

2－吡唑啉类化合物发光机制的研究

本工作合成了新型的２－吡唑啉类化合物：１－３－二苯基－４－（ｐ－硝基苄叉）－２－吡唑啉，研究了该化合物在室温及低温７７Ｋ时的稳态光物理行为，结果表明：在标题化合物分子中存在着两种电荷转移机制，其一是从Ｎ１→Ｎ２→Ｃ３→苯基，其二是从Ｎ１→Ｎ２→Ｃ３→Ｃ４→Ｐ－硝基苄叉，光激发下，两种电荷转移机制相互竞争，且具有不同的发光构象。     

倍半萜类化合物羟基姜黄烯的合成

以间－甲酚为原料，经乙酰化，费赖斯重排等反应，合成文题化合物2－（1－羟基－1，5－二甲基－4－己烯基）－5－甲基苯酚（Ⅰ），2－（1，5－二甲基－1，4－己二烯基）－5－甲基苯酚（Ⅱ）和2－1,5－二甲基－1，4－己二烯基）－5－甲基苯酚醋酸酯（Ⅲ），Ⅰ，Ⅱ经元素分析，光谱分析证实其结构。对化合物Ⅲ的光谱数据作了补充。     

N，N’二（3-硝基亚水杨基）-2，6-吡啶二氨及其过渡金属配合物的合成与表征

合成了N,N＇二（3-硝基亚水杨基）-2,6-吡啶二氨席夫碱及其Cu（Ⅱ）,Ni（Ⅱ）,Zn（Ⅱ）,Mn（Ⅱ）的配合物,用元素分析、IR、摩尔电导和电子光谱对所得化合物进行了表征,对席夫碱配体进行^1H NMR和MS表征,给出了化合物可能的空间结构。     

N,N’-二（硝基苯并二氧化呋咱）草酰胺的合成

研究了化合物N,N’-二（硝基苯并二氧化呋咱）草酰胺的合成。3,3’,5,5’-四氯-2,2’,4,4’6,6’-六硝基草酰苯胺（Ⅰ）在DMF中,室温下与叠氮化钠水溶液反应,生成化合物3,3’,5,5’-四叠氮基-2,2’,4,4’6,6’-六硝基草酰苯胺（Ⅱ）,收率79.8%。化合物（Ⅱ）在丙酸中,110℃左右进行热解脱氮得到目标化合物N,N’-二（硝基苯并二氧化呋咱）草酰胺（Ⅲ）,熔点220 ℃(分解),收率79.1％,并通过红外光谱、质谱及元素分析确定了目标化合物的结构。由密度瓶法测得化合物的密度为1.86g?cm-3,根据氮当量公式计算的理论爆速为8.529km?s-1,爆压为33.31GPa,根据氧平衡指数值计算的h50值为70.02cm。     

树脂催化硼氢化钠还原法制备氧化偶氮苯类化合物

通过离子交换法制备了Ni（Ⅱ）树脂、Bi（Ⅲ）树脂、Fe（Ⅲ）树脂和Cu（Ⅱ）树脂等几种阳离子树脂,将其用于催化NaBH4还原芳香族硝基化合物制备氧化偶氮苯类化合物。实验结果表明Bi（Ⅲ）树脂的催化性能最好。考察了溶剂对反应的影响,结果表明甲醇是较好的溶剂。在室温下,以甲醇为溶剂,Bi（Ⅲ）树脂催化NaBH4还原几种芳香族硝基化合物制备相应氧化偶氮苯类化合物的收率为60%~97%。     

间一二硝基化合物的微量测定——氰化物、银离子选择电极法

<正> 本文介绍了一种分析间—二硝基化物的近代分析方法。测定间—二硝基化合物时不受别组硝基化合物或含氮化合物的干扰。这是从前的分析方法难以避免的(如:铁(Ⅱ)、钮(Ⅱ)、铬(Ⅱ)、钛(Ⅲ)、锡(Ⅱ)滴定各种硝基化合物的测定方法及分光光度     

分子内电荷转移化合物发光行为的研究——N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯基偏二氰乙烯的发光行为

合成了二种新的分子内电荷转移化合物:双(p-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯基)偏二氰乙烯(Ⅱ)及(p-N,N-二甲氨基苯乙烯基)苯基偏二氰乙烯(Ⅱ)。并对它们在不同极性溶剂中的光谱和光物理行为进行了研究。结果表明:化合物(Ⅰ)的荧光量子产率随溶剂极性增大而不断提高,而化合物(Ⅱ)的荧光量子产率则随溶剂极性增大出现了一极大值。对这一现象的产生进行了初步讨论。     

一种黑色可逆热致变色染料的合成及表征

研究了黑色可逆热致变色染料2′-(2-氯苯氨基)-6′-二丁氨基荧烷(Ⅰ)的合成及表征。以邻氯苯胺、对苯二酚为原料,合成2-氯-4-羟基二苯胺(Ⅱ)。以间硝基苯酚为原料,经酚羟基保护、硝基还原、氨基烷基化反应、脱保护、与邻苯二甲酸酐反应合成N,N-二正丁基-4-氨基-2-羟基-2′-甲酸二苯甲酮(Ⅲ)。化合物Ⅱ与化合物Ⅲ反应合成目标产物Ⅰ,总收率56.2%,纯度99.54%(HPLC),其结构经~1HNMR、~(13)CNMR证实。     

一种治疗呼吸道疾病的甾体药物的制备方法及其中间体

本发明提供了一种制备治疗呼吸道疾病的甾体药物式（Ⅰ）化合物的方法，具体地说通过中间体通式（Ⅱ）化合物，其中R^1选自氢．四氢吡喃基，-Si（R^2）（R^3）R^4,这里R^2,R^3和R^4亩以相同或不同，各自独立地选自C1～C7烷基、苯基，在酸性催化剂的作用下，与环己基甲醛反应，即得到式（Ⅰ）化合物。该制各方法得到的式（Ⅰ）化合物的R构型比例大于98％。本发明还提供了中间体通式（Ⅱ）化合物的制备方法。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。