低温熔盐法合成铁酸镧纳米粉体

文章首次以低温熔盐法在合成LaFeO3纳米粉体,用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和透射电子显微镜(TEM)等测试手段对材料的结构、粒径进行了分析和表征;并探讨了不同煅烧温度、不同硝酸锂添加量条件下对铁酸镧粉体结晶情况等的影响。     

熔盐法合成铁酸铋粉体及其磁性能

以氧化铋、三氧化二铁、氯化钾和溴化钾为原料,采用熔盐法成功地合成了单晶铁酸铋粉体。通过X射线衍射仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、Fourier变换红外-Raman光谱仪研究了材料物相、微观结构与制备条件关系,通过MPMS XL5型磁性测量仪测试样品磁性能。结果表明:当采用KCl-KBr熔盐,控制熔盐与原料质量比为1.0,750~800℃范围内可以得到单晶斜方六面体BiFeO3粉体,其晶粒尺寸约为0.6μm。基于模板形成机制,探讨了KCl-KBr熔盐合成BiFeO3机理。室温下,采用KCl-KBr熔盐、750℃煅烧2h的BiFeO3粉体显示了弱铁磁性能。     

铁尾矿制备白炭黑的实验研究

以铁尾矿和NaOH为原料,利用化学沉淀法成功制备了无定型白炭黑,并研究了制备的工艺条件.用X射线衍射仪、红外光谱仪、扫描电镜、透射电镜和X射线荧光光谱仪对所制白炭黑的物相结构、粒度、形貌和成分进行分析.结果表明,白炭黑中的SiO2纯度为92.3%,化学结构为无定型的水合二氧化硅,形貌近似球状粒子,粒径在150nm以下.白炭黑的比表面积(BET)为108 m2/g,10%悬浮液中pH值为5.5～6.0,加热减量为5.42%,1000℃灼烧减量为6.16%.产品符合中国行业标准HG/T 3061-1999的要求.     

用铁盐法从柑桔皮中提取果胶

本文探讨了以柑桔皮为原料、用盐酸作萃取剂、铁盐作沉淀剂生产果胶的新方法——铁盐法。实验证明,该法产品成本低,最高产率可达20％。     

熔盐法合成片状氧化铝中熔盐的选择

文章研究了熔盐法合成片状氧化铝中多种熔盐的影响，实验表明选择NaCl和KCl复合熔盐，可以制得粒径均匀、表面光滑、近于无色透明、分散性良好的片状氧化铝。     

四种熔盐对熔盐法合成铁铝尖晶石粉的影响

以Fe2O3粉、Al2O3粉和石墨粉为主要原料,分别以NaCl、KCl、NaCl-KCl和NaCl-Na2CO3为熔盐介质,采用熔盐法在1000℃高纯氮气气氛中保温3 h合成铁铝尖晶石粉,然后对合成铁铝尖晶石粉进行XRD、SEM-EDS和粒度分析.结果表明:以NaCl-Na2 CO3作为熔盐介质未能合成出铁铝尖晶石,因...     

熔盐法合成钛酸锶铋

用熔盐法合成片状结构明显的SrBi4Ti4O15粉体可以分为2个阶段:成核阶段和生长阶段.850℃时合成主要受成核阶段控制,随温度升高后进入晶核生长阶段,此时SrBi4Ti4O15晶粒片状越趋明显.熔盐法和传统固相法合成粉体的粒径都出现双峰分布,其中熔盐法合成的粉体中大尺寸粒径明显大于传统固相法合成的.对合成温度、熔盐的添加量对粉体微观形貌影响进行了研究.结果表明:盐的添加量过多反而不利于片状晶粒的形成.     

熔盐法合成晶体的研究现状与进展

介绍了一种新型的人工晶体的合成方法-熔盐法,详细综述了该方法在降低合成温度,合成各向异性晶体以及提高材料性能方面的应用,并指出其研究方向,该方法具有广阔的应用前景.     

中国沉淀法白炭黑产业发展现状及展望

沉淀法白炭黑是外观呈白色、多孔性无定形水合二氧化硅粉末,具有化学惰性,且耐高温、不燃、无毒、无味、无嗅。因其电绝缘性高、内表面积大,被广泛应用于橡胶、食品、医药、涂料等国民经济多个领域。梳理了国内沉淀法白炭黑主要厂家的生产能力、企业分布等基本情况,介绍了沉淀法白炭黑进出口情况、消费状况和行业技术进展等现状,并对沉淀法白炭黑应用前景进行展望,以期为沉淀法白炭黑生产企业和从事沉淀法白炭黑技术研究人员提供参考。     

加工方式对沉淀法白炭黑补强硅弹性体的影响

本文探索了沉淀法白炭黑填充有机硅弹性体的加工方式。结果发现,沉淀法T36白炭黑加工时存在轻微结构化现象;在分次加入润湿剂、二次热处理后,硅弹性体强度可达8MPa,比常规加工方式提高约2MPa。     

盐湖卤水冬季析硝制备高纯元明粉工艺研究

以NaCl-Na2SO4-H2O三元水盐体系相图为理论指导,对东台吉乃尔盐湖冬季析硝进行了无水硫酸钠提纯工艺研究。对无水硫酸钠粗产品制备过程中的恒温搅拌时间、加水量等工艺条件进行了优化。设计了以冬季析硝为原料生产高纯元明粉产品的整个工艺路线,为综合开发利用盐湖资源提供基础数据。     

The extraction of potassium from K-feldspar ore by low temperature molten salt method

The low temperature molten salt method was used to extract potassium from K-feldspar ore, and some related factors including mass ratio between NaNO₃, NaOH, H₂O and K-feldspar ore, particle size of K-feldspar ore, reaction temperature and time were investigated, respectively. In addition, the optimum condition for this method was determined by a series of condition experiments. What was more, the K-feldspar ore and the leach residue after reaction based on the above optimum condition were analyzed by XRD, SEM and EDS, separately. The results of which indicated that the mechanism of extraction of potassium for this method was according to the ion exchange reaction between sodium ion and potassium ion, and the extraction ratio of potassium had an obvious improvement than that of traditional methods, which could reach up to 96.25%. Therefore, this method can be a feasible solution to extract potassium from K-feldspar ore for its low energy consumption and high efficiency.     

片状氧化铝的熔盐法制备关键参数

高径厚比片状Al₂O₃在高端珠光颜料片状基材应用方面潜力巨大,但是其制备技术为国外所垄断,开发片状Al₂O₃商用生产技术迫在眉睫。熔盐法是制备片状Al₂O₃的理想方法,目前尚无系统研究熔盐法关键工艺参数对片状Al₂O₃影响规律的报道。本文通过片状Al₂O₃的形成机理,系统研究了TiO₂添加剂、Na₃P₃O₉添加剂、煅烧温度和熔盐用量4种关键工艺参数对制备片状Al₂O₃的影响规律,并进一步优化制备工艺,提出最优工艺参数。利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分析Al₂O₃的形貌、粒度和物相。结果表明：采用熔融盐（Na₂SO₄-K₂SO₄）添加NaCO₃为凝胶剂,再加入质量分数分别为3.0%的Na₃P₃O₉和2.0%的TiO₂为添加剂,在煅烧温度为1200℃、保温时间5h时,所制得的六角片状Al₂O₃粉体具有优异的品质,其平均粒径约为4μm,厚度为50～200nm,径厚比为20～80。     

铁矿粉中微量硅含量测定方法研究

报道了一种精铁矿粉中微量二氧化硅含量测定的新方法,重点探讨了操作中各步骤的最佳工艺及其对硅含量分析精确度的影响。本方法分析精确度高,适合于精铁矿粉中微量二氧化硅含量(SiO2:0.01%～1%)的测定,比传统方法测定极限下延了10倍。     

Synthesis and properties of alkali-activated iron ore tailings blended with metakaolin

In this study, synthesis, microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and environmental compatibility of alkali-activated binders derived from iron ore tailings (IOT)—with partial replacement with metakaolin (MK)—were investigated. The binders were produced with a NaOH solution, IOT, and MK. A thermal cure at 100°C was used and the MK was applied as a partial replacement of IOT in three proportions (10, 20, and 30 wt%). The IOT-based specimens presented an average of 98.0 and 18.0 MPa at 7 days age of curing for compressive and flexural strength, respectively. The mechanical properties of the alkali-activated binders with MK decreased as the substitution ratio increased. By the microstructural analysis, it was found a zeolite-type phase in alkali-activated IOT, while in the binders blended with MK, three new mineral phases were identified. Furthermore, Fourier transform infrared, quantitative X-ray diffraction, and environmental analysis suggest that the Fe species present in IOT acted in the alkali-activation reaction.     

Preparation of alumina ceramic template by the molten salt method

ABSTRACT

Single-crystal alpha alumina (α-Al₂O₃) platelets were synthesised with aluminium sulphate in the study. Moreover, the effects of the heating temperature, holding time, and different power mixtures of γ-Al₂O₃ and sodium sulphate (Na₂SO₄) on the morphology of as-prepared α-Al₂O₃ platelets were explored. The crystalline phase evolution and morphology of the samples were characterised by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. According to the further analysis results, most of α-Al₂O₃ platelets were hexagonal particles. After the power mixture of γ-Al₂O₃ and Na₂SO₄ (1:2) was heated at 1200°C for 1?h, the platelet size became relatively uniform with an average diameter of 3–5?μm and a thickness of 50–100?nm. This method is an easily controllable, simple, and green method to produce high-quality α-Al₂O₃ platelets.     

低温熔盐法制备纳米钨酸钴

以钨酸钠和氯化钴为原料,采用硝酸锂-硝酸钠熔盐法制备出纳米钨酸钴粉体,考察了合成温度对粉体相结构、形貌和光吸收性能的影响,初步探讨了合成机理。结果表明:熔盐与钨酸钴前驱体质量比为6∶1,在210,270,340℃分别反应8 h,可以制备出具有钨锰铁矿结构的单斜相纳米钨酸钴;随着温度的升高,粉体结晶程度提高,平均粒径依次增加,在紫外区和可见光区对光呈现出不同程度的吸收;熔盐条件下,粉体的生长过程由扩散机制控制。低温熔盐法具有合成温度低、操作简单、易于规模化生产等优点。     

熔盐法制备氧化镁粉体的研究

以氯化镁、碳酸钙、氯化锂为原料,采用熔盐法制备了氧化镁粉体。通过热重-差示扫描量热仪(TG-DSC)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)、场发射扫描电子显微镜(SEM)等手段对反应过程及产物进行了分析和表征,同时采用水解动力学分析法研究了煅烧温度和煅烧时间对氧化镁粉体活性的影响。TG-DSC分析表明:在650℃时碳酸钙可完全反应。XRD分析表明:在430℃保温3 h条件下进行热处理,产物中有氧化镁生成;在650℃保温3 h条件下进行热处理,产物经无水乙醇洗涤后,全部为氧化镁晶体,经SEM分析表明,所制备的氧化镁形貌为颗粒状,形状不规整,大小介于50~250 nm。水解动力学分析表明:当温度大于500℃、保温时间超过3 h后,随着热处理温度的升高和时间的延长,氧化镁粉体的活性下降。