Review of Oil and Gas Pipeline Construction in 2007

China＇s pipeline industry has developed for 50 years till 2008. In the past 10 years, more than 50,000 kilometers of long-distance oil and gas pipelines have been constructed, of which gas pipelines reached about 30,000 kilometers, crude oil pipelines about 17,000 kilometers, and product oil pipelines about 7,000 kilometers. Oil and gas pipeline networks across regions have taken shape. Till then, China＇s pipeline industry has been ranked among the world＇s most advanced either in development speed or in technologies. China has developed a lot both in crude oil pipeline construction and in product oil pipeline construction in the whole year of 2007.     

Oil and gas cooperation between China and Central Asia in an environment of political and resource competition

This paper investigates Central Asia＇s oil and gas resources, special geopolitics and energy competition, and approaches, challenges and prospects in cooperation between China and Central Asia. The objective is to propose measures for oil and gas cooperation between China and Central Asia. Central Asia is rich in oil and gas resources. Its remaining recoverable reserves of crude oil and natural gas account for 1.9% and 10.6 %, respectively, of the world＇s total reserves. Moreover, there is great exploration and development potential. As a strategic channel connecting Eurasia, Central Asia has a prominent geopolitical status. Many powerful countries such as the United States, Russia and China, as well as Europe, have an intense energy competition in Central Asia. In the oil and gas cooperation with Central Asia, the China National Petroleum Corporation （CNPC） focuses on establishing a coordination group, promoting overall oil and gas business opportunities and sustainable development, innovating and applying specialty engineering technology and improving project economic benefits. Through its efforts over the last nearly two decades, the China National Petroleum Corporation has completed a 50-million-tonne a year oil and gas production centre in Central Asia and oil and gas pipelines passing through multiple countries, becoming an important channel for securing China＇s energy imports. If appropriate measures are taken in the ＇Thirteenth Five-Year Plan＇ period or later, the China National Petroleum Corporation will develop a 100-million-tonne p.a. oil and gas production centre in Central Asia and a strategic oil and gas import channel exceeding this amount of production. This cooperation between China and Central Asia is however faced with the following challenges： increasing multinational competition uncertainty, potential risks in the political systems of Central Asian countries, frequently occurring violence and also resource policy tightening in Central Asia. To further oil and gas cooperation w     

Current State and Prospect of China’s Oil and Gas Pipeline Development

By the end of 2010, China has completed 85,000 kilometers of oil and gas pipelines in length, of which natural gas pipelines were 45,000 kilometers, crude oil pipelines were 22,000 kilometers, and products pipelines were 18,000 kilometers. An oil and gas network that covers China     

Current Status and Prospects of Oil and Gas Pipelines in China

<正>By the end of 2009, the total length of existing oil and gas pipelines in China had reached 75×103 km. The pipelines include 38×103 km of gas pipelines, 20×103 km of crude oil pipelines and 17×103 km of oil product pipelines, framing a trans-regional pipeline network for the oil and gas delivery.     

Considerations about Improving “Assignment Clause” of Foreign Oil Contracts

Since Chinese government made oil opening decisions in March 1978,China＇s oil and gas exploration and development has maintained steady growth and achieved a lot in foreign cooperation.In recent years,oil and gas output has been increased,the area of new projects has been expanded,international partners have been grown,competitiveness and management level of China＇s oil and gas industry have been enhanced through introducing foreign new technology and new concept.     

Development and Application of Hydraulic/Mechanical Drilling Jar and Mechanical Shock Absorber

Introduction Since 1990s,due to the development of petroleum exploration technology,petroleum machinery and equipment have been addressed by all nations.By means of heavier investment on technology innovation,adopting advanced technology to develop new equipments by big oil companies,the overall levels of adaptability,reliability,diversity, seriation,integrity,automatization,intelligence are highly improved.In recent years,the technology of exploration and development for oil and gas in China has expanded rapidly,while the technique of drilling and production is approaching world level.As the drilling engineering orients to the directional well,ultra-deep well and complex well,the research and development of downhole tools to match the technique has shown its importance.     

Review of Offshore Oil and Gas Exploration in 2000

China National Offshore Oil Corporation (CNOOC)maintained a sustainable and stable growth in oil and gas exploration in 2000, making good preparations for comprehensive offshore natural gas exploration and development in 2001. In the principles of economic performance and self-reliance and cooperation, CNOOC has achieved fruitful results in oil and gas exploration last year.……     

Background for Formulation of West-to-East Gas Transmission Strategy

The West-to-East gas transmission project,that has become the focus of attention in China, used to be under the process of repeated deliberations and consultations. It is well known that China became a net oil importer in 1993. The economically developed coastal regions have suffered a serious shortage of energy supply in the recent years while the environmental situation has become increasingly deteriorating across the country. Against this background, some experts called for energetic development of China‘s natural gas industry and proposed to boost the annual natural gas production to 100billion cubic meters, equivalent to 100 million tons of crude oil. This initiative has drawn quick and strong response from the relative governmental departments.……     

Status Quo of China＇s Petroleum Exploration and Its Prospect

The oil shortages in China have been becoming more serious in the recent years, which set higher pressure on petroleum exploration in China. In order to increase oil and gas supply and safeguard national energy security, it is critical for China to strengthen oil and gas exploration for more and more oil and gas discoveries. Based on summing up the outcomes of petroleum exploration achieved in the 10th Five-Year Plan period （2001-2005）, the paper analyzes the main issues facing China＇s petroleum exploration currently and in the future. What＇ s more, it probes into the trends of petroleum exploration in the future and predicts the growth of oil and gas reserves. The strategic trend of petroleum exploration is to ＂be based on exploration for large basins, look for new exploration areas, maintain the development of eastern China, accelerate the exploration of western China, speed up offshore exploration.＂[第一段]     

Panorama of PetroChina‘s Exploration Results in 2002

Petro China has made a number of important strategic breakthroughs and progress in the country's onshore oil and gas exploration in the January-October period of 2002, creating the conditions for a sustainable development for the upstream business on the basis of resources.     

“十一五”我国海底管道新技术开发应用概况

文章介绍了"十一五"期间我国海洋石油工程海底管道技术创新项目及其应用情况,即双金属复合钢管、集肤效应电伴热海底管道、柔性管海底输气管道、单层保温管等新技术研究开发及应用的情况。新技术的应用降低了开发成本,促进了边际油气田的有效开发,为实现中国海油的产能目标起到了重要的保障作用。     

管道安全对焊管制造技术的新挑战

改革开放以来,我国的油气需求急剧增长,推动了油气管道建设飞速发展,陆续建设了一系列油气长输管道。截至2018年底,我国累计建设油气长输管道里程数为13.6万km,其中,天然气管道累计达到7.9万km,加上正在建设的中俄东线、鄂安沧和新气南段,我国天然气管道里程将接近9万km。随着我国油气长输管道网络的初步建成,油气管道遍布全国,管道安全问题也日益突出,近年来由于高钢级管道断裂而引发的爆炸事故,对焊管制造技术提出了新的挑战。通过对国内外管道失效事故的回顾,总结了我国管道制造技术面临的挑战,并提出了应对措施和研究方向的建议。     

天然气长输管道泄漏检测方案对比

大口径、长距离天然气输送管道的泄漏检测和定位技术日益受到人们的重视。总结评价了用于天然气长输管道泄漏检测和安全预警的各种技术方案，讨论了其基本原理、适用范围、技术成熟度、优点和缺点以及工程应用情况；采用灵敏度、定位精度等7项技术指标对各种泄漏检测方法进行了评价和对比。目前，音波泄漏检测技术和分布式光纤泄漏检测技术由于具有诸多方面的优点，是近年来国内外泄漏检测技术研究的重点和热点，这两种技术已初步应用于实际，并取得了良好的效果。重点对这两种泄漏检测技术的原理、适用范围、所能达到的技术指标、优、缺点以及工程案例进行了详细讨论、分析和对比，可为我国天然气长输管道泄漏检测和安全预警系统的开发和研究提供技术依据。     

国内外油气输送管道泄漏检测技术及发展趋势

油气输送管道泄漏不仅会造成巨大的经济损失和资源浪费,而且会带来安全和污染问题,对人们的生命、财产和生存环境造成潜在威胁,因此对油气输送管道进行泄漏检测非常必要。文章介绍了近几十年来国内外油气输送管道的泄漏检测及定位技术,分析了国内管道泄漏检测技术现状,阐述了该领域未来的发展方向。     

大型油气管道伴行间距的确定

随着我国石油天然气工业的迅速发展,油气管道工程的建设日益增多。在部分地区,由于受管道沿地形、交通等条件的制约,两条及以上的管道进行伴行敷设的情况将不可避免。通过对西部油管道、西气东输管道这两条目前我国最长伴行距离、最大管径、最高压力的油、气输送管道伴行间距的分析,提出了今后大型管道伴行距离确定的原则和思路。     

国内X80级管线钢的发展及今后的研究方向

介绍了国内外油气管道及高钢级管材的发展情况,国内在X80级管线钢应用基础研究和产品开发方面所开展的工作,及X80级管线钢管的质量状况。分析了X80级管线钢应用中应关注的几个问题。指出：①大口径高压输送及采用高钢级管材是国际管道工程发展的一个重要趋势;②我国实施X80钢级管道工业性工程应用的条件已经基本成熟;③为确保X80级管道的安全可靠,在借鉴国际上先进成功经验的基础上,应进一步加强X80级管线钢应用基础研究和相关的技术攻关。     

涩北二号气田高低压集气工艺及管网两相流模拟

青海油田所属涩北气田为全国陆上的大气区，涩北二号气田为其主力气田之一。截止到2002年，该气田的天然气地质储量为826.33×10⁸m3。 2005年，涩北二号气田成功实施了高、低压集输地面工程，2007年5月29日，涩格输气管道复线工程投产，标志着青海油田天然气管输能力得到大幅提升。为此，对涩北二号气田高低压集气工艺进行了介绍，对集气管网进行了水力和热力核算，提出了高低压集气管网的流量、压力和温度运行参数；还对高低压集气管网在不同工况下的两相流状态进行了模拟，获得了气田集气管网各管段在事故状态下的最长允许停输时间，并对其启动时的含液量进行了预测。以期为气田生产及事故状态下的运行提供决策依据。     

油气集输管道的腐蚀失效与环境保护

由于西部油气资源具有分布广、油气井高度分散、生态环境脆弱、自净能力差等特征,生态环境破坏严重。该文通过对西部油气集输管道的建设、生产运行、失效过程的细节分析,提出了加强集输管道建设质量检验与控制,从管道建设初期抑制管道失效或损伤;提出在集输管道生产运行过程中加强巡检、实时监控从而更加有效及时地避免安全隐患以及油气泄漏事故的发生;提出通过集输管道安全事故"环境保护应急预案"的建立和完善,对失效事故所引起的环境污染源进行逐一排除,将失效所引发的环境污染降到最低。总结了集输管道服役期间沿线环境污染存在于集输管道建设、生产运行和发生失效等过程中环境保护措施,并对解决西部油气集输工程与环境可持续发展提出了可行性建议。     

我国天然气输气管道建设综述

我国正在加快建设天然气管网体系,已基本形成华北、东北、中部、西部地区以及长江三角洲和中南地区管网的主体框架。目前已有数条重要天然气输气管道正在动工兴建,输气管道施工技术也有很大的发展,同时输气管道的安全性已经引起人们的重视。     

Development Prospect of Oil & Gas Pipelines of CNPC

Technology progress of oil ＆ gas pipelines transportation project of CNPC since the 11th Five-Year Plan period
An introduction to oil ＆ gas pipelines transportation project As a large industrious system, pipelines transportation industry is playing a more and more important role in oil and natural gas industry even in the world economy. Thanks to the efforts of 40 years, substantial progress has been achieved in the oil ＆ gas pipelines construction in China. Till now, long distance oil ＆ gas transportation trunk pipelines with large caliber have been completed one after another, with a total length exceeding 50 thousand kilometers （kin）. CNPC boasts a long distance land oil transportation pipeline of 30 thousand km.