不锈钢波纹管的制造与测试

对钨极气体保护焊(GTA)、等离子弧焊(PA)及二氧化碳激光束焊(LB)三种工艺方法的比较表明,等离子弧焊工艺是焊接不锈钢波纹管的最佳工艺。     

5083铝合金厚板氩弧焊和氦弧焊

以厚度为40毫米的5083铝合金板材为基体合金分别进行钨极交流氩弧和钨极直流氦弧多道多层焊接工艺研究。在焊缝质量、接头机械性能以及防止焊接裂纹和控制焊接变形等方面都满足产品的设计和使用要求的基础上,对我国首制的0.6T磁共振成像超导磁体低温容器的主要部件——大型厚壁芯筒纵焊缝和其法兰环焊缝分别采用氩弧焊和氦弧焊工艺施焊,取得了圆满成功。     

铸造高温合金精铸零部件的补焊研究进展

主要综述了采用钨极氩弧焊、激光焊、钎焊与粉末冶金修复再制造等焊接方式进行高温合金精铸件的补焊的研究现状及发展趋势.总结了采用不同补焊方法时焊接工艺对焊接性能的影响.指出了今后铸造高温合金精铸件的补焊的研究方向.     

压力容器焊接技术研究

针对压力容器焊接的特点及存在的问题,介绍了手工电弧焊、埋弧焊、钨极气体保护焊、熔化极气体保护焊、等离子弧焊、电渣焊、激光焊、激光-电弧复合焊等焊接方法,并对压力容器焊接技术的发展进行了展望。     

焊接快速成形技术的发展现状

焊接快速成形技术是近几十年才发展起来的新型制造技术,具有高灵活性、低成本和高生产效率等优点,在军事、医疗、交通、教育等许多行业都得到了广泛应用。简单介绍了焊接快速成形技术的原理及特点,概述了以钨极氩弧焊、熔化极气体保护焊、等离子弧焊、激光焊、电子束焊为基础的焊接快速成形技术国内外的发展现状,指出了焊接快速成形技术在发展中存在的问题,并就关于成形精度、成形性能、成形材料的问题进行了分析。     

双相不锈钢2205激光焊接接头组织和性能研究

目的 针对双相不锈钢激光焊接接头两相比例失衡的问题,研究双相不锈钢2205激光焊接接头组织和性能。方法 采用Disk 6002碟片激光器对2205双相不锈钢进行激光焊接,通过在纯氩气保护气中添加体积分数为60%的氮气,向熔池中过渡氮元素,以提高焊缝中的奥氏体含量;采用金相显微镜、电子背散射衍射技术、电子探针X射线显微分析仪、显微硬度仪和上海辰华CHI760E电化学工作站等手段,对激光焊接接头表面组织、元素含量、显微硬度和耐腐蚀性能进行表征和测试。结果 与纯氩气保护焊接接头相比,当在保护气中添加60%（体积分数,下同）的氮气后,奥氏体相体积分数达到39.89%,提升了25.94%,奥氏体中氮元素的质量分数达到0.679%时,氮元素的质量分数提升了0.196%,焊缝中奥氏体显微硬度为307.4HV,铁素体显微硬度为298.9HV,极化曲线腐蚀电流密度升高,阻抗弧半径减小。结论 在保护气中添加60%的氮气后,激光焊接接头中奥氏体的体积分数提升,增加的奥氏体组织以晶内奥氏体为主,并且更多的氮元素进入到奥氏体相中,焊缝中的奥氏体和铁素体硬度略有升高,耐蚀性和钝化膜稳定性有所下降。     

铝合金焊接研究现状

现代有色金属焊接工艺的进步,将有利于我国工业的进步。本文从铝合金的分类及其焊接性出发,介绍了钨极氩弧焊、搅拌摩擦焊、熔化极惰性气体保护焊、激光焊、激光-电弧复合焊在铝合金焊接中的研究现状,并对铝合金焊接未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

铝合金焊接研究现状及发展趋势

现代有色金属焊接工艺的进步,将有利于我国工业的进步。本文从铝合金的分类及其焊接性出发,介绍了钨极氩弧焊、搅拌摩擦焊、熔化极惰性气体保护焊、激光焊、激光-电弧复合焊在铝合金焊接中的研究现状,并对铝合金焊接未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

不锈钢低压容器制造中应用等离子弧焊接的探讨

本文研究了8毫米厚18—8Ti不锈钢低压容器纵缝加环缝的等离子弧焊接工艺;比较了等离子弧焊、埋弧焊和手弧焊的焊接接头的机械性能、耐腐蚀性及经济指标;说明了等离予弧焊接是一种较好的不锈钢低压容器的焊接方法。     

2195-2219异种铝合金焊接接头的微观组织和性能

用钨极氩弧焊(TIG)和变极性等离子弧焊(VPPA)对2195与2219异种铝合金进行平板对接焊，研究了不同焊接方法和在有无保护气氛条件下焊接接头的显微组织和性能。结果表明，在用TIG和VPPA工艺焊接的接头区域都没有出现宏观热裂纹，能量密度高、焊接快和热输入量小的VPPA工艺使焊缝区域较窄；异种铝合金焊缝接头熔合线附近的主要析出相为θ相，在焊缝区域有α-Al与θ相组成的共晶组织；在TIG工艺和有气氛保护的VPPA工艺的焊接接头区域没有出现局部软化现象，焊缝区域的硬度与2219侧母材相同。TIG工艺的焊接接头，其抗拉强度更高。     

Characterization of microstructure,mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of dissimilar welded joint between 2205 duplex stainless steel and 16MnR

The joint of dissimilar metals between 2205 duplex stainless steel and 16MnR low alloy high strength steel are welded by tungsten inert gas arc welding (GTAW) and shielded metal arc welding (SMAW) respectively. The microstructures of welded joints are investigated using scanning electron microscope, optical microscope and transmission electron microscopy respectively. The relationship between mechanical properties, corrosion resistance and microstructure of welded joints is evaluated. Results indicate that there are a decarburized layer and an unmixed zone close to the fusion line. It is also indicated that, austenite and acicular ferrite structures distribute uniformly in the weld metal, which is advantageous for better toughness and ductility of joints. Mechanical properties of joints welded by the two kinds of welding technology are satisfied. However, the corrosion resistance of the weldment produced by GTAW is superior to that by SMAW in chloride solution. Based on the present work, it is concluded that GTAW is the suitable welding procedure for joining dissimilar metals between 2205 duplex stainless steel and 16MnR.     

Effect of welding processes on fatigue crack growth behaviour of AISI 409M ferritic stainless steel joints fabricated using duplex stainless steel fillers

The present investigation aims to study the effect of welding processes such as shielded metal arc welding (SMAW), gas metal arc welding (GMAW) and gas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) on fatigue crack growth behaviour of the ferritic stainless steel (FSS) conforming to AISI 409M grade. Rolled plates of 4 mm thickness were used as the base material and AISI 2209 grade duplex stainless steel (DSS) was used as filler metal, for preparing single pass butt welded joints. Centre cracked tensile (CCT) specimens were used to evaluate the fatigue crack growth behaviour. From this investigation, it is found that the GTAW joints showed superior fatigue crack growth resistance compared with SMAW and GMAW joints. The reasons for the superior performance were discussed in detail.     

Mechanical and corrosion properties of P/M-HIP super duplex stainless steel after different industrial heat treatments as used for large components

Abstract

Mechanical tensile and impact toughness tests and critical pitting corrosion temperature (CPT) tests were performed on samples of Duplok 27, a P/M-HIP duplex stainless steel containing copper, after heat treatments simulating industrial heat treatments of large components. It was shown that copper alloying has positive effects on mechanical tensile properties leading to hardening and more uniform deformation. No negative effects of copper alloying on corrosion resistance properties were found. A drastic drop in impact toughness values and CPT of samples cooled at controlled cooling rates is explained by the precipitation of intermetallic secondary phases or their precursors. Lower CPT of a NG-GTAW (narrow gap gas tungsten arc welding) welded joint is explained by the lower level of alloying than that of the base material. The high temperature region of precipitation of intermetallic secondary phases is shifted towards higher temperatures than assumed for Duplok 27 P/M-HIP duplex stainless steel.     

超级双相不锈钢焊条焊缝相比例的影响因素

研究了25％ Cr型超级双相不锈钢焊条焊缝组织,分析了合金成分及焊接工艺对焊缝组织的影响,结果表明,焊缝需要较高的铬镍当量比值方可达到较理想的组织,手工电弧焊时,焊接热输入对焊缝组织的影响不显著,后续焊道的退火作用可提高先焊道中奥氏体相的含量.     

冷却条件对超级钢焊接接头组织和性能的影响

400MPa级超级钢主要特征是高洁净度和超细晶粒组织。采用钨极氩弧焊对400MPa级超级钢施焊,并对其空冷和水冷两种冷却方式下的显微组织和力学性能进行分析。结果表明,空冷条件下焊接接头热影响区（HAZ）晶粒严重长大、强度下降,并出现软化区;焊接过程采用喷水冷却加快了冷却速度,有效抑制了焊接接头热影响区晶粒的长大,改善了接头组织,提高了贝氏体和低碳马氏体的含量,进而改善了接头的综合力学性能,满足实际焊接要求。     

022Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈钢的焊接

本文从焊接材料的选择、焊接的准备及焊接施焊过程等方面介绍了022Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈铜的焊接情况,通过对焊接接头的焊后检验分析,证明此焊接工艺方案确实可行,对实际生产中022Cr22Ni5Mo3N双相不锈钢的焊接具有一定的指导意义。     

Microstructure and Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar Weld-Joints between Duplex Stainless Steel 2205 and Austenitic Stainless Steel 316L

The microstructure and corrosion resistance of dissimilar weld-joints between stainless steel SAF 2205 and stainless steel AISI 316 L were investigated. Welding was accomplished by different types of welding wires AWS ER 347, AWS ER 316 L and AWS ER 309 L. To verify soundness of welded samples, nondestructive tests were performed. Metallographic samples were prepared from cross-section areas of weldjoints to investigate microstructure of different regions of weld-joints by optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Corrosion resistance of weld-joints was evaluated in NaCl solution by potentiodynamic polarization and electrochemical impedance techniques. In the weld metal AWS ER 347, the brittle sigma phase was created, resulting in the decrease of weld-joint corrosion resistance. According to the results of metallurgical investigations and corrosion tests, welding wire AWS ER 309 L was suitable for welding duplex stainless steel(SAF 2205) to austenitic stainless steel(AISI 316L) by gas tungsten arc welding(GTAW)process.     

高强钢焊接接头显微组织的研究进展

综述了热输入、合金元素、冷却速率和应变速率对高强钢焊接接头显微组织的影响和高温共聚焦显微镜原位观察高强钢显微组织的最新研究进展,总结了高强钢焊接接头粗晶热影响区显微组织的转变机理.结果表明:通过延长冷却时间、减少热输入量、控制合金元素的含量和采用预处理提高应变速率等方法,可以调控高强钢焊接接头显微组织中马氏体、粒状贝氏...     

电弧电流对AZ31B/DP980激光诱导电弧焊接接头成形及力学性能的影响

采用激光诱导钨极惰性气体保护(tungsten inert gas, TIG)电弧焊接技术,在未添加任何夹层和镀层的条件下,通过优化工艺,获得了AZ31B镁合金和DP980高强钢高质量搭接焊接头,重点研究TIG电弧电流对焊接接头成形和力学性能的影响规律。结果表明：电弧电流的增大会提高镁合金在高强钢的润湿铺展能力,提升焊缝宽度的同时减小润湿角。镁合金/钢焊接接头的最大拉伸载荷随着电弧电流的增大先升高后降低,接头断裂模式由沿界面断裂转变为沿焊缝断裂。当TIG电流为80 A、激光功率为350 W时,焊接接头最大平均拉伸载荷达到279 N/mm。焊缝宽度和界面层厚度的增大以及激光匙孔的钉扎作用共同提升了镁合金/钢的接头性能。     

Characterization of microstructure,chemical composition,corrosion resistance and toughness of a multipass weld joint of superduplex stainless steel UNS S32750

The superduplex stainless steels have an austeno-ferritic microstructure with an average fraction of each phase of approximately 50%. This duplex microstructure improves simultaneously the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance. Welding of these steels is often a critical operation. In this paper we focus on characterization and analysis of a multipass weld joint of UNS S32750 steel prepared using welding conditions equal to industrial standards. The toughness and corrosion resistance properties of the base metal, root pass welded with gas tungsten arc welding, as well as the filler passes, welded with shielded metal arc welding, were evaluated. The microstructure and chemical composition of the selected areas were also determined and correlated to the corrosion and mechanical properties. The root pass was welded with low nickel filler metal and, as a consequence, presented low austenite content and significant precipitation. This precipitation is reflected in the corrosion and mechanical properties. The filler passes presented an adequate ferrite:austenite proportion but, due to their high oxygen content, the toughness was lower than that of the root pass. Corrosion properties were evaluated by cyclic polarization tests in 3.5% NaCl and H₂SO₄ media.