深过冷合金再辉与凝固组织的研究

发现深过冷Ni_(68)B_(21)Si_(11)合金液形核过程中的多次再辉现象,揭示了二次和三次再辉的过冷条件,以及对凝固组织的影响。研究结果表明,深过冷Ni_(68)B_(21)Si_(11)合金液存在两种凝固机制:一是NilB,Nj‘si,B和Ni,B的三相共晶生长;另一个是以NilB为领先相的枝晶簇生长。当过冷度低于200K或超过310K时,合金液凝固仅伴生一次再辉,其晶体生长以第一种凝固方式进行。其他过冷范围内的合金液则发生多次再辉和枝晶簇凝固。     

Grain refinement effect of La2(CO3)3 on AZ91 magnesium alloy

The La2(CO3)3 addition makes the grain of AZ91 alloy be refined obviously.The average primary dendrite size of the alloy decreases from 150 to 50 μm.The microstructure of typical dendrite turns into the equal-axed grain with the addition of 2.5 wt.% La2(CO3)3 refiner.The mechanical properties tests indicate that the tensile strength and especially elongation of the alloys are improved with the addition of La2(CO3)3 and their maximum enhancing rates based on the La2(CO3)3-free AZ91 alloy are 26% and 5.2 times at 2.5 wt.% La2(CO3)3 refiner respectively.     

过冷Ni50Cu50合金的二次枝晶间距

过冷Ｎｉ５０Ｃｕ５０合金的二次枝晶间距随过冷度的增加并不以简单的幂函数规律减小,在４０－１２０Ｋ过冷度范围内有一反常的变化,理论分析指出这是枝晶生长从低过冷下的溶质扩散控制向高过冷下的热扩散控制转变过程中一次枝晶尖端半径的上升所致。与常规凝固合金相比,深过冷合金的二次枝晶在凝固过程中发生剧烈的粗化。     

Microstructure and tensile properties of AM50A magnesium alloy prepared by recrystallisation and partial melting process

Prior to thixoextrusion, the microstructural evolution of semi-solid AM50A magnesium alloy prepared by the recrystallisation and partial remelting (RAP) route was investigated. The effect of compressive ratio on microstructure of semi-solid AM50A magnesium alloy was studied. Furthermore, tensile properties of thixoextruded components were determined. The results showed that the occurrence of recrystallised grains was closely associated with the location of the first liquid formed above the solidus. With prolonging holding time, deformed microstructure was penetrated, causing fragmentation, which resulted in the decrease of average grain size. Moreover, prolonging holding time was favorable for the improvement of the degree of spheroidization due to the increase in the amount of liquid. With the increase in compressive ratio, the size of solid grain decreased, the degree of spheroidization was improved during partial remelting, and the tensile properties of thixoextruded AM50A components were improved. The tensile properties for AM50A magnesium alloy thixoextruded from starting material produced by the RAP route were better than those of the same alloy produced by die-casting and thixomolding.     

Pb-Bi亚共晶和包晶合金的快速凝固

采用硅油净化法使大体积Ｐｂ－５０％Ｂｉ亚共晶合金和Ｐｂ－２９．２％Ｂｉ包晶合金分别获得了４５Ｋ（０．１１ＴＬ）和１１７Ｋ（０．２３ＴＬ）的过冷度,并对这两种合金快速凝固过程中ε金属间化合物相的组织开矿及随过冷度的变化规律进行了探讨,对于Ｐｂ－５０％Ｂｉ亚共晶合金,实验发现ε相以枝晶方式生长,随着这冷度的增大,ε相枝晶细化显著,最大过冷度处一次和二次枝晶间距细化达一个数量级,同时在过冷度达４５Ｋ的试     

深过冷Ni—50%Cu合金的晶粒细化

Ｎｉ－５０％Ｃｕ合金随过冷度的增加发生两次明显的晶粒细化过程,第一次产生于５０－１００Ｋ的过冷度范围内,第二次发生于临界过冷度２２０Ｋ之后,实验首次发现高冷度下细化合金的晶粒内含有枝晶亚结构。理论分析指出,枝晶重熔倾向的大小可用枝晶主干中最先析出的固相在再辉过程中的无量纲过热度来衡量,该无量钢过热度随原始过冷度的增加先增后减,其最大值对应于第一次细化发生的过冷度区间。热力学计算和组织分析表明,小过     

用非晶态合金作中间层对Si_3N_4陶瓷进行扩散焊连接

研制了两种非晶态物质Ｃｕ_（５０）Ｔｉ_（５０），Ｃｕ_（５０）Ｔｉ_（５０）Ｂ作为对Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４扩散焊连接的中间层材料．研究结果表明：用非晶态作为中间层可改善工艺条件，降低扩散焊温度；非晶态中间层接头比其相应晶态中间层接头的剪切强度有明显提高．其中硼对提高接头剪切强度贡献很大．用非晶态Ｃｕ_（５０）Ｔｉ_（５０）Ｂ作中间层时，接头强度最高可达３４０ＭＰａ用晶态和非晶态Ｃｕ_（５０）Ｔｉ_（５０），Ｃｕ_（５０）Ｔｉ_（５０）Ｂ作中间层对Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４进行扩散焊连接的机制是：活性元素Ｔｉ向陶瓷界面扩散和富集并与Ｓｉ_３Ｎ_４发生反应生成界面相ＴｉＮ，ＴｉＳｉ_２等．从而实现连接．     

Al-Si7-Mg消失模振动凝固组织半固态热处理

利用消失模铸造振动凝固技术,得到Al-Si7-Mg合金的近等轴晶组织。在此基础上研究了580℃不同时间保温半固态等温热处理(SSIT)组织中α-Al晶体的形貌与尺寸变化。结果表明:合金580℃保温1h,得到α晶粒的等积圆直径在50~150μm的分布比例达85%,α晶粒圆度均值1.41。通过凝固动力学和热力学分析,得出半固态热处理过程中,低熔点的三元共晶和二元共晶相首先熔化,并随着溶质元素扩散速度的增加,液相不断增多,α晶体形状大小不断改变;当液相率达到平衡之后,α晶粒在界面张力的作用下,不断圆整球化,合并长大。半固态热处理α枝晶演变形式明显不同于等轴晶演变过程。     

用Cellular Automaton方法模拟压铸镁合金AM50的微观组织

基于Cellular Automaton(CA)方法的基本原理,建立了压铸镁合金AM50形核和等轴晶粒生长的二维数学物理模型,能够对任意晶向的等轴晶晶粒生长进行模拟。模型耦合了宏观传热与微观组织模拟计算,镁合金AM50阶梯块压铸件的温度场通过热传导反算法计算求得。对阶梯块压铸件不同阶梯表面的微观组织进行了模拟,并与金相试验结果进行了对比,它们在晶粒尺寸上吻合较好。     

热处理制度对喷射成形7A50铝合金组织性能的影响

研究了热处理制度对喷射成形7A50铝合金微观组织和力学性能的影响,测试了显微硬度和力学性能,运用OM、SEM(EDS)和TEM(SAED)观察了微观组织。结果表明:喷射成形后的7A50铝合金,消除了枝状晶粒,晶粒尺寸细化到60~120 μm范围;预时效(PA)处理提升了7A50铝合金试样的初始硬度,但却明显降低了自然时效(NA)过程的硬化速率,12 d自然时效处理后,相比于SS+NA态,最终硬度反而降低了19 HV0.5;SS+PA+NA+BH态的试验铝合金,屈服强度和抗拉强度最高,分别达到了475 MPa和525 MPa,屈服强度的BH值达到165 MPa,伸长率降低了10%;不同热处理状态下的试样断口均具有韧性断裂的特征,断口处存在大量的韧窝。SS+PA+NA处理后,基体内的第二相尺寸细小,分布弥散,尺寸在5~15 nm范围。     

机械球磨Ti_(50)Al_(50)复合粉的压制特性

研究了机械球磨Ti50 Al50 复合粉的组织与压制特性。结果表明 ,球磨导致粉末硬度增加 ,压制特性变差 ,这是由于球磨使层片结构细化 ,Ti和Al组元晶体缺陷增加和晶粒细化造成的 ;但球磨 3h形成纳米晶复合粉后 ,尤其是在球磨 7.5h开始发生非晶转变后 ,进一步球磨 ,粉末压制特性变化并不明显     

添加铈对高压压铸AM50镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响

研究添加铈对高压压铸AM50镁合金显微组织和力学性能的影响.结果表明:添加铈能使AM50镁合金晶粒细化,并使其室温和高温力学性能得到显著改善.相对于未添加Ce和添加0.5％Ce(质量分数)的AM50镁合金,添加1％Ce(质量分数)的镁合金的晶粒更细,力学性能更优.     

Microstructure refinement of AZ91D alloy solidified with pulsed magnetic field

The effects of pulsed magnetic field on the solidified microstructure of an AZ91D magnesium alloy were investigated. The experimental results show that the remarkable microstructural refinement is achieved when the pulsed magnetic field is applied in the solidification of AZ91D alloy. The average grain size of the as-cast microstructure of AZ91D alloy is refined to 104 μm. Besides the grain refinement, the morphology of the primary α-Mg is changed from dendritic to rosette, then to globular shape with changing the parameters of the pulsed magnetic field. The pulsed magnetic field causes melt convection during solidification, which makes the temperature of the whole melt homogenized, and produces an undercooling zone in front of the liquid/solid interface by the magnetic pressure, which makes the nucleation rate increased and big dendrites prohibited. In addition, primary α-Mg dendrites break into fine crystals, resulting in a refined solidification structure of the AZ91D alloy. The Joule heat effect induced in the melt also strengthens the grain refinement effect and spheroidization of dendrite arms.     

Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5合金的非晶形成能力及晶化行为

采用单辊快速凝同法制备出厚约40μm的Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5非品合金薄带,利用XRD、DSC、TEM和HRTEM研究了非品合金的非品形成能力和晶化行为,分析了品化对合金组织结构与性能的影响.结果表明:Mg_(80)Cu_(15)Y_5合金的过冷液态温度区间△T_x和约化玻璃转变温度T_(rg)分别为55K和0.58,表明其具有较强的非晶形成能力;该合金在退火温度高于473 K后发牛明显晶化,从非品基体中析出 Mg_2Cu、Cu_2Y和Mg晶体相;随着退火温度的升高,合金的硬度呈现出先升高后降低的变化趋势,这与纳米品体相颗粒的弥散析出、重溶及粗化有关.     

Ti-50Ni钎焊TZM与ZrCp-W接头界面组织及性能

采用Ti-50Ni(at%)钎料实现了TZM合金与ZrC_p-W复合材料的真空钎焊连接,通过SEM、EDS、XRD等方法分析了接头界面的微观组织结构,研究了钎焊温度对TZM/Ti-50Ni/ZrC_p-W接头界面组织及性能的影响。结果表明:钎焊接头的典型界面结构为TZM/Ti-Mo+TiNi_3+Mo-Ti-W/Ti Ni+TiNi_3+W(s,s)+(Ti,Zr)C/ZrC_p-W。随着钎焊温度的升高,Ti-Mo固溶体层宽度逐渐增大,线状条纹增多、增宽,组织逐渐粗大,晶界变圆滑;接头的抗剪强度随钎焊温度升高先升高后降低,当钎焊温度为1340℃,保温10 min时,接头获得最大抗剪强度为146 MPa。     

RECALESCENCES AND SOLIDIFICATION MICROSTRUCTURE OF HIGHLY UNDERCOOLED Ni_(68)B_(21)Si_(11) ALLOY

One,two and three recalescence events in the solidification of highly undercooledNi_68B_21Si_11 alloy melt and the conditions of undercooling together with the effect onsolidification morphologies were revealed.The solidification morphologies of the undercooledalloy may be examined in the light of two aspects,i.e,growth of either Ni_3B,Ni_6Si_2B andNi_2B ternary eutectic or dendrite cluster with Ni_3B as leading phase.When the degree ofundercooling below 200 or over 310 K,the alloy solidifies to accompany one recalescence only,and the crystals grow according to the first mode of solidification.While undercooling at othertemperatures,two or three events of recalescence may occur and the dendrite cluster may so-lidify.     

显微结构和杂质对金属注射成形Fe-50%Ni合金磁性能的影响

以羰基铁粉和羰基镍粉为原料,采用金属注射成形(MIM)工艺制备Fe-50%Ni软磁合金.通过对不同工艺条件下试样的杂质含量、密度、金相组织和磁性能的分析,研究显微结构和杂质对磁性能的影响.结果表明:孔隙是影响MIM Fe-50%Ni饱和磁感应强度的主要因素,孔隙、杂质和晶粒尺寸是影响磁导率和矫顽力的因素;最大磁导率、初始磁导率和矫顽力之间存在一定的联系,矫顽力可以作为最大磁导率和初始磁导率的参考依据.通过对比分析孔隙度、杂质含量和晶粒尺寸对矫顽力的影响规律,发现晶粒尺寸是影响MIM Fe-50%Ni合金矫顽力的主要因素.     

PREPARATION OF Co50Ni50 ULTRAFINES BY CO-REDUCTION OF SOLUTION IN PRESENCE OF POLYMER

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LOCAL STRUCTURE OF SUPERCOOLED LIQUID Ni_(80)P_(20) ALLOY

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微量Y对AM50铸态合金组织及力学性能的影响

利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和X射线衍射仪,分析研究了微量Y对AM504铸态合金组织及其室温和高温（200℃）力学性能的影响。结果表明,在AM50合金中加入质量分数1％Y,晶粒细化,连续或半连续网状分布的β-Mg17Al12相呈骨骼状或颗粒状弥散分布,同时晶界附近有大量块状新相Al2Y生成;合金的室温和高温抗拉强度分别提高了18．9％和23．2％;屈服强度分别提高了16．1％和20．5％;合金伸长率分别提高9．1％和11．7％。