基于Shapley值法的供应链合作伙伴间收益分配机制

讨论了用于解决多人合作对策问题的Shapley值法,通过对供应链企业运行机制特点的研究,将Shapley值法用于解决供应链合作伙伴间的收益分配问题.考虑到激励企业进行技术创新对提高供应链竞争力的重要性,进一步对各成员企业的收益分配额进行了调整.     

碳限额下考虑风险规避的低碳供应链联合减排决策研究

在一个制造商和一个零售商组成的二级供应链中，探讨碳限额和供应链成员风险规避行为对系统成员决策的影响，最后通过数值算例进行验证。研究结果表明：碳限额交易政策下拥有主导权企业获利更多，调整碳交易价格可以有效协调供应链成员的利润；系统成员风险规避特性不利于制造商和零售商的联合碳减排，且对系统成员自身效用具有负效应；零售商分担减排成本行为能减弱制造商风险规避特性对其自身效用的负效应，却加重了自身风险规避特性对效用的损害；集中决策下的联合减排效果最佳，分散决策下供应链效益更优。     

供应链合作伙伴评价小组的权力指数模型

企业往往会成立评价小组来评审其供应链合作伙伴.评价小组的成员来自多个部门,各成员的投票权重一般不一样.利用Shapley值方法建立供应链合作伙伴评价小组的权力分配模型,以计量各成员对评审结果的影响力,即权力指数.通过算例,使用该模型计算出各成员的权力指数,结果发现权力指数相对于投票权重发生了偏离:投票权重高的成员的权力指数会被放大;投票权重低的成员的权力指数会被缩小.给出解决此问题的建议.     

基于Shapely修正的供应链协同产品创新收益分配

针对供应链协同产品创新成员企业收益分配问题,建立了Shapely修正的收益分配模型。该模型综合考虑了供应链协同产品创新收益分配原则,在Shapely值基本模型基础上,将影响收益分配的投入创新资源贡献率、风险分摊系数、产品创新任务执行度和额外贡献度4个因素引入模型,并提出了模型参数的确定方法。通过实例分析验证,修正后的Shapely值能够满足各方协同产品创新合作形成的条件,并且较好反映了供应链协同产品创新中各方价值创造的实际情况。     

基于多权重Shapley值的联盟利益分配机制

利益分配机制是影响联盟合作成功的关键因素.传统的含权Shapley值模型在解决联盟利润分配问题时,仅从联盟整体的角度赋予成员单一的权重,而忽视了成员在不同联盟活动中可能存在议价能力和贡献的差异.为此,提出一种多权重Shapley值模型,以反映成员在多项联盟活动中的不同权重.通过对联盟合作对策进行Shapley等价分解,...     

联盟博弈下基于Shapley值法的三层供应链协调机制

本文针对制造商、分销商和零售商组成的三层供应链系统,研究了价格敏感型需求下的联盟博弈和收益分配问题.理论分析表明独立决策下的的供应链系统利润最低,小联盟决策能提高系统利润,但是未入小联盟的成员收益涨幅则更为明显,智猪博弈的结果会致使小联盟解散,而运用Shapley值法协调后的大联盟相对更为稳定,其成员利润均比非合作决策...     

基于改进核心法的合作博弈在供应链中的应用

针对供应链的特点,以博弈论为工具分析了供应链上节点企业成员的行为,由此建立供应链节点企业间的非零和动态合作博弈模型,接着介绍了博弈模型中求解的两种常用方法即Shapley值法和核心法,文中特别针对核心法的不足,提出了改进的核心法,同时对采用改进的核心法所求解结果作为收益分配方案的合理性和稳定性进行了论证,以此形成在供应链中建立联盟公积金制度的理论基础,最后举例进行了分析说明.其研究结果在供应链的管理应用中应该具有一定的实用价值.     

逆向供应链合作绩效影响因素的实证研究

对供应链合作的影响因素进行总结,结合逆向供应链合作特点将逆向供应链合作的影响因素分为组织、过程及外部环境三个维度,将合作绩效分为直接绩效与间接绩效,构建了一个反映二者关系的概念模型.通过对相关企业的问卷调研,利用结构方程模型软件LISREL8.70对模型进行了统计检验,得到了研究结果.研究结果表明:影响因素的三个维度对直接合作绩效与间接合作绩效均有直接影响.     

供应链节点企业的非零和合作博弈建模方法

针对供应链的特点,运用博弈论的方法分析了供应链上节点企业成员的行为.确认该博弈过程属于非零和博弈、动态博弈和不完全信息博弈,并由此建立供应链上节点企业非零和合作博弈模型.     

VMI技术的运作协调性及在制造业的应用研究

传统供应链因结构性内生的问题--牛鞭效应往往使企业响应迟缓,库存大量积压.本文通过定量的理论分析,认为VMI模式不仅有助于解决牛鞭效应的问题,同时有助于整个供应链的获利能力的提高.并以一个家电企业与零件供应商之间的VMI系统为例介绍VMI在制造供应链上游的应用.     

正确理解供应链与价值链的关系

首先较系统地概述了供应链和价值链的涵义,发展和研究状况,在此基础上深入地探讨了两者的本质区别与联系。两者有不尽相同的地方,如价值链思想是面向效益,着眼点是企业的价值增值过程;供应链思想是面向效率,主要是围绕物流、降低成本和提高生产率方面。但两者也有许多交叉的地方,如价值链研究把成本优势作为重要方面之一,供应链的发展也逐渐强调联系的重要性等。正确理解供应链与价值链的关系可以为实现两者的有效管理提供一     

The impact of host country regulatory quality on the value creation process in e-business supply chains

The use of e-business (EB) applications has reshaped an organisations’ supply chain structure. EB applications have enabled supply chain organisations to integrate their upstream and downstream supply chain processes to reach higher performance outcomes. Employing the resource-based view and contingency perspective as theoretical anchors, we propose and test a model of the relationship between EB applications, supply chain integration and financial performance that is moderated by a country’s regulatory quality. Cross-country data have been collected from 637 organisations through the International Manufacturing Strategy Survey research initiative. We hypothesise that the efficacy of the EB value creation process depends on the regulatory quality of the country that companies are located in. Results indicate that EB has a stronger impact on supply chain integration and supply chain integration has a stronger impact on financial performance, if the companies are situated in countries with high quality regulatory levels.     

Servitization of manufacturing in the new ICTs era: A survey on operations management

Servitization of manufacturing has become one of the main pathways for transition and upgrade in the manufacturing industry. New information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as the Internet of Things, Big Data, and Cloud Computing have enabled the servitization of manufacturing in terms of value creation, resource management, and supply chain management. This study presents a comprehensive review on the servitization in operations management in the era of new ICTs. A new value chain framework is proposed under the business model that revolves around servitization, which showcases the new activities and ways of implementation in the era of new ICTs. The virtualization, configuration, and evaluation of integrated manufacturing and service resources are analyzed. In particular, the methods used in new ICT-supported resource management platforms are surveyed. Problems in the supply chain management in manufacturing services (including the selection of partners, as well as the coordination, planning, and scheduling among members) are presented. This study concludes with a discussion on state-of-the-art servitization in operations management in the era of new ICTs.     

基于价值链的汽车产业供应链协同管理分析

汽车产业供应链协同管理的关键是鉴别供应链的低效及其原因.通过对汽车产业供应链现状的分析,提出了由敏捷性和速度驱动的汽车产业供应链协同管理的价值链模型,并以上海某汽车制造企业为核心的汽车行业供应链为例证明了基于价值链的供应链协同管理在实践中给供应商、制造商以及供应链整体带来的收益和竞争优势,从而说明汽车产业基于价值链的供应链协同管理是一种有效的管理模式.     

Rewards-supply planning under option contracts in managing coalition loyalty programmes

We examine the problem of planning the supply of rewards in coalition loyalty programmes considering that the buyer–supplier relationships with commercial partners are governed by option contracts rather than wholesale price contracts similar to what is commonly used in practice. We develop a two-stage stochastic linear programme model with simple recourse which considers uncertain demand requirements, limited reward purchasing budgets, multiple programme partners of various sizes, point-liability control targets and overall profitability. A sampling average approximation scheme is used to solve the model. Numerical experiments show that option contracts perform better than wholesale price contracts when redemption demand uncertainty is high and the number of redemption partners is large. The results also suggest that the common practice of increasing redemption capacities is not the most effective way to cope with demand uncertainties. Programmes that reduce redemption demand variability and/or create better contracting structures are more promising in improving points-liability, redemption budget spending and overall profitability than traditional approaches.     

面向供应链合作的信任维系协调体系的研究

为了保证节点企业合作中信任协调的合作关系,以有效地实现企业经营目标,从信任的视角提出了一个包括目标层、合作层、信任协调层、支撑层在内的供应链合作(SCC)信任维系协调的解决思路.把节点企业内、外部的供应链运作、合作行为、业务目标集成起来,给出了整体框架模型,并对基于企业目标的信任协调机制、信任金字塔和实现协调层的具体方式等关键问题进行了探讨.信任协调体系框架模型对供应链合作运作提供了一定的参照.     

基于不对称Nash协商模型的供应链协作激励机制研究

建立了制造商与零售商组成的两级供应链,研究了供应链分散决策与协调决策下的合作双方收益问题,发现协调决策下整个供应链收益大于分散决策时整个供应链收益,但整个供应链的收益增加并不能保证合作各方的收益均增加,因此,有必要进行利益协调与激励。利用不对称Nash协商模型建立了激励供应商与分销商进行协作的利益协调模型,并通过案例分析验证了这种激励机制的有效性。     

收益共享的供应链协作契约机制研究

建立了由制造商与零售商组成的两级供应链,研究了供应链分散决策与协调决策下的双方收益问题,发现协调决策下整条供应链收益大于分散决策时整个供应链收益,但整条供应链的收益增加并不能保证合作方的收益均能增加,因此需要通过利益协调来激励供应链上的各方积极参与合作.为此,提出了基于收益共享的供应链协作激励机制.通过案例分析验证了这种模型的有效性.     

Value chain management for commodities: a case study from the chemical industry

We present a planning model for chemical commodities related to an industry case. Commodities are standard chemicals characterized by sales and supply volatility in volume and value. Increasing and volatile prices of crude oil-dependent raw materials require coordination of sales and supply decisions by volume and value throughout the value chain to ensure profitability. Contract and spot demand differentiation with volatile and uncertain spot prices, spot sales quantity flexibility, spot sales price–quantity functions and variable raw material consumption rates in production are problem specifics to be considered. Existing chemical industry planning models are limited to production and distribution decisions to minimize costs or makespan. Demand-oriented models focus on uncertainty in demand quantities not in prices. We develop an integrated model to optimize profit by coordinating sales quantity, price and supply decisions throughout the value chain. A two-phase optimization approach supports robust planning ensuring minimum profitability even in case of worst-case spot sales price scenarios. Model evaluations with industry case data demonstrate the impact of elasticities, variable raw material consumption rates and price uncertainties on planned profit and volumes.