浅析当代中国博物馆展示的青少年受众适宜性问题

青少年受众有其自身的认知特征和兴趣爱好,因此对博物馆展示设计有着特殊的需求和感受。本文结合对国内博物馆青少年受众调查研究结果,总结出我国博物馆展示在与青少年受众的关系中存在的问题及其原因,并试图从博物馆展示设计的内容和手法方面提出一些改善的方法和建议。     

博物馆中要营造适宜于儿童的空间环境

本文就博物馆中的儿童空间进行探讨,提出在博物馆的室内设计中应当考虑适宜的儿童空间,其中包括适宜儿童的活动空间和展示空间。在博物馆中设计特别的儿童卫生设施、儿童家具、儿童展示道具,这样一方面能优化博物馆的展示环境,另一方面对这些儿童空间的细致考虑,也体现了博物馆文化受众的全面性。具互动性的儿童展示设计将对今后博物馆设计的再创造具有借鉴意义。     

北京自然博物馆展示色彩设计中生态性语言的表达

在当今的博物馆展示设计中,自然博物馆受到越来越多人的青睐。色彩作为博物馆展示设计中构成要素之一,它对自然博物馆展示设计显得尤为重要,然而如何在自然博物馆展示色彩设计中体现生态性是当下我们应该思索的一个问题。本文紧紧围绕着展示色彩设计的生态性展开论述,以北京自然博物馆展示色彩设计的生态性为例,从展示色彩设计生态性的界定到色彩设计生态性的体现依次展开,最后重点对以自然为主题博物馆展示色彩设计生态性的表达进行了构想。     

博物馆展示设计思维方法初探

文章从博物馆展示设计的现状与走向出发,简要论述了博物馆展示形式的历史变化,分析了设计思维方法的基本结构及其在博物馆展示设计中的运用,结合博物馆展览的历史性、文化性、艺术性、互动性等特点,列举实例阐释了博物馆展示设计思维方法的程序,并以中国国家博物馆展示设计为例表明博物馆展示设计可有多种变换与延展方法,指出在博物馆展示设计中应灵活运用多种设计方法,实现创新。     

博物馆展示设计的逻辑特征

展示和传播日益成为博物馆的核心功能,其中展示是方法,传播是目标。文章通过研究博物馆展示设计案例,发现逻辑对展示设计的主题演绎、内容结构和情节以及空间叙事和情感都有着内在的约束作用,有逻辑的设计更加符合观众的感情体验过程。逻辑指人们思考问题,从某些已知条件出发推出合理结论的规律,研究展示设计的逻辑特征,有利于提高博物馆信息传播的有效性。     

博物馆多媒体公共服务系统的研究和设计

近年来,多媒体展示手段被广泛地运用到了博物馆宣传与展示中,对博物馆的发展是一个很好的促进,加强了博物馆的宣传与展示效果,但是目前很多博物馆内部仍然没有信息化的导游与展示功能,游客仍然只能通过双眼直接观赏文物古迹以及静态的文字资料,很多文物受限于观察展台,无法获得很好的观赏效果。文中旨在设计和架构一个博物馆多媒体公共服务系统,实现博物馆资源管理的规范化、馆藏文物的信息化,并使得博物馆的公共服务能力得到飞跃。     

西域文化数字博物馆的研究与设计

数字博物馆是对文化遗产进行数字化采集、处理和保存,并利用互联网向用户进行展示、教育和科研的信息系统.介绍了数字博物馆的概念,讨论了西域文化数字博物馆系统结构的设计,并对其所涉及的藏品信息采集、展示和版权保护等技术进行了阐述,以期为西域文化数字博物馆的建设提供理论参考.     

美国盖蒂博物馆的照明系统设计

美国盖蒂博物馆是现代建筑、现代设计、现代城市规划的具有代表性的作品之一。它的设计合理地处理空间和光线之间的关系,对当代建筑设计有非常重要的影响。因此,文章主要针对美国盖蒂博物馆照明系统进行阐述,盖蒂博物馆的合理性、灵活性和可操作性强的设计亮点,是对博物馆中展示空间的完美表达。     

城市的轨迹——南京地区博物馆地域性展示设计初探

本文通过对南京博物馆地域性展示设计从人文、社会背景、技术的角度进行系统的分析,归纳总结出南京博物馆展示设计发展规律的特点。同时研究南京博物馆展示设计可以以小见大,以一城见中国的博物馆事业的发展。     

基于具身认知的博物馆自然交互设计研究

具身认知强调了身体-环境-认知之间的相互联系，主张在特殊环境中身体的感知状态与物理属性对认知的形成有根本影响，为传统展示形式造成用户感知受限的博物馆环境中的自然交互设计研究提供理论参考。文章从具身认知视角出发探索博物馆中的自然交互设计方法，首先采用VOSViewer软件分析具身认知设计近几年相关研究热点与发展趋势，结合用户旅程图法分析现阶段博物馆自然交互展示的痛点与触点，利用具身认知理论提出情景重构、行为沉浸和知觉延伸的具身交互设计策略，最终通过新加坡天福宫具身交互设计作品验证博物馆自然交互设计方法。     

Conceptual design of industrial process displays

Today, process displays used in industry are often designed on the basis of piping and instrumentation diagrams without any method of ensuring that the needs of the operators are fulfilled. Therefore, a method for a systematic approach to the design of process displays is needed. This paper discusses aspects of process display design taking into account both the designer's and the operator's points of view. Three aspects are emphasized: the operator tasks, the display content and the display form. The distinction between these three aspects is the basis for proposing an outline for a display design method that matches the industrial practice of modular plant design and satisfies the needs of reusability of display design solutions. The main considerations in display design in the industry are to specify the operator's activities in detail, to extract the information the operators need from the plant design specification and documentation, and finally to present this information. The form of the display is selected from existing standardized display elements such as trend curves, mimic diagrams, ecological interfaces, etc. Further knowledge is required to invent new display elements. That is, knowledge about basic visual means of presenting information and how humans perceive and interpret these means and combinations. This knowledge is required in the systematic selection of graphical items for a given display content. The industrial part of the method is first illustrated in the paper by a simple example from a plant with batch processes. Later the method is applied to develop a supervisory display for a condenser system in a nuclear power plant. The differences between the continuous plant domain of power production and the batch processes from the example are analysed and broad categories of display types are proposed. The problems involved in specification and invention of a supervisory display are analysed and conclusions from these problems are made. It is concluded that the design method proposed provides a framework for the progress of the display design and is useful in pin-pointing the actual problems. The method was useful in reducing the number of existing displays that could fulfil the requirements of the supervision task. The method provided at the same time a framework for dealing with the problems involved in inventing new displays based on structured analysis. However the problems in a systematic approach to display invention still need consideration.     

展示设计的绿色革命——解析2010年上海世博会展示设计

世界博览会作为展示活动的重要形式之一,其发展历程始终引领着展示设计行业的发展。在环境问题日益严峻的今天,绿色设计被广泛应用于设计工作的各个领域。展示设计在环保节能方面也做出了积极地探索,并取得了显著地成果。2010年上海世博会便是对这些成果的一次集中展示。文章通过对本届世博会展示案例的具体分析,将展示设计中的绿色设计方法进行归纳总结,为展示设计行业今后的发展指出了一条有效可行的道路。     

Interactive Illustrative Rendering on Mobile Devices

Scientists, engineers, and artists regularly use illustrations in design, training, and education to display conceptual information, describe problems, and solve those problems. Researchers have developed many advanced rendering techniques on desktop platforms to facilitate illustration generation, but adapting these techniques to mobile platforms has not been easy. We discuss how advanced illustrative rendering techniques, such as interactive cutaway views, ghosted views, silhouettes, and selective rendering, have been adapted to mobile devices. We also present MobileVis, our interactive, illustrative 3D graphics and text rendering system that lets users explore 3D models' interior structures, display parts annotations, and visualize instructions, such as assembly and disassembly procedures for mechanical models     

远程图形终端系统综述

随着计算机和网络的迅速发展,远程图形终端系统作为一种方便的远程控制平台,在远程管理、远程协助、远程医疗和远程教育等应用中发挥着越来越重要的作用,其性能也直接影响到这些应用系统的性能。该文讨论了设计改进远程图形终端系统所要考虑和解决的问题,接着从远程显示方式、更新机制、压缩机制、缓存机制和评价方法等方面,较全面地介绍和分析了当前主流远程图形终端系统的技术发展现状,并在此基础上对远程图形终端系统的发展方向进行了展望．     

一种新型矿用防爆柴油机车显示器的设计

针对矿用防爆柴油机车监控装置采用集中控制方式而存在无法对多参数进行监测和控制、显示画面单一的问题,提出了一种基于分布式控制的多功能矿用防爆柴油机车显示器的设计方案;详细介绍了该显示器的硬件及软件设计。测试结果表明,该显示器操作直观、具有多参数同时显示功能。     

Display Design: Principles and Procedures

The history of research on display design is described briefly and the general problems of real/artificial displays and new/stored information are discussed with particular emphasis on compatibility. The main discussion centres on the advantages and limitations of the throe general approaches to display design: use of checklists, use of formal procedures and use of behaviour theory. A checklist for display design is provided and the other procedures are illustrated by case studies.     

Model-based automation of the design of user interfaces to digitalcontrol systems

Digital control systems, like those controlling the functions of buildings or industrial processes, pose a number of special problems for good user interface design. The general problems of providing usability, common to all systems, include difficulty in accessing and applying principles of good design. In addition, digital control systems can have multiple users, with multiple roles, and each installation has different configurations of systems, controls, and user interface devices. Providing interactions for the users of building control systems is often achieved by manually implementing each required display. This is an expensive solution, which often produces less than optimal results. We address these problems through the automation of user interface design. Our solution, called DIGBE (dynamic interface generation for building environments), separates the domain knowledge, interaction design, and presentation heuristics into multiple collaborating models. Each model contains knowledge about a particular aspect of interface design, and uses this knowledge to dynamically create each user interface that is needed to support the users of a control system. DIGBE demonstrates that it is possible to automatically and dynamically create consistent and individualized user interfaces from model-based design knowledge     

Objects and mappings: incompatible principles of display design - a critique of Marino and Mahan

Representation aiding (and similar approaches that share the general orientation) has a great deal of utility, predictive ability, and explanatory power. Marino and Mahan (2005) discuss principles that are critical to the RA approach (configurality, emergent features, and mappings) in a reasonable fashion. However, the application of these principles is far from reasonable. The authors explicitly realize the potential for interactions between nutrients: "The nutritional quality of a food product is a multidimensional concept, and higher order interactions between nutrients may exist" (p. 126). However, they made no effort to discover the nature of these interactions: "No attempt was made to identify contingent interactions between nutrients" (p. 126). Despite not knowing the nature of the interactions between nutrients, they purposely chose a highly configural display that produced numerous emergent features dependent upon these interactions: "A radial spoke display was selected because of the strong configural properties of such display formats (Bennett & Flach, 1992)" (p. 124). Finally, the authors show apparent disdain for the specific mappings among domain, agent, and display that are fundamental to the RA approach: "[O]ther configural display formats could have been used" (p. 124). It is impossible to reconcile these statements and the RA approach to display design. However, these statements make perfect sense if a perceptual object is a guiding principle in one's approach to display design. Marino and Mahan (2005) draw heavily upon the principle of a perceptual object in their design justifications, experimental predictions, and interpretations of results. As we have indicated here and elsewhere (Bennett & Flach, 1992), we believe that these two sets of organizing principles for display design (i.e., objects and mappings) are incompatible. Display design will never be an exact science; there will always be elements of art and creativity. However, the guiding principles have moved well beyond the simple strategy of throwing variables into a geometric object format and relying upon the human agent's powerful perceptual systems to carry the design.     

A structure for efficient update,incremental redisplay and undo in graphical editors

The design of a graphical editor requires a solution to a number of problems, including how to (1) support incremental redisplay, (2) control the granularity of display updates, (3) provide efficient access and modification to the underlying data structure, (4) handle multiple views of the same data and (5) support Undo operations. It is most important that these problems be solved without sacrificing program modularity. A new data structure, called an ItemList, provides a solution to these problems. ItemLists maintain both multiple views and multiple versions of data to simplify Undo operations and to support incremental display updates. The implementation of ItemLists is described and the use of ItemLists to create graphical editors is presented.     

一种拼接式大型矿用LED阵列显示屏的设计

针对地面应用的大型LED电子显示屏存在功耗大、不能应用到煤矿井下的问题,提出了一种拼接式矿用LED阵列显示屏的设计方案;给出了该显示屏的结构,详细介绍了该显示屏的硬件及软件设计。该显示屏可单独使用,也可与煤矿信息指引系统联合使用。调试与测试结果表明,该显示屏能够实时接收、显示上位机的图形、文字信息,达到了预期目标。