浅谈高层建筑采用两种基础施工不均匀沉降控制的施工技术

地基基础不均匀沉降对框架结构的房屋会产生很大的危害,轻则引起房屋墙体开裂,重则引起房屋结构整体或局部倾斜甚至倒塌。因此,在高层建筑施工中要正确认识不均匀沉降对房屋结构造成的危害,采取有效的预防控制措施,并提出有效的对策,具有重要意义。     

地基基础不均匀沉降原因及控制方法分析

基础作为建筑物的重要组成部分,其质量影响建筑物的承载能力及人们对建筑物使用功能的要求。建筑物的基础不均匀沉降容易影响上部结构的安全且易引起房屋建筑的倒塌和倾斜,由此可知地基基础对房屋结构安全性的重要性,因此在对工程项目施工过程中,必须防止房屋基础不均匀沉降引起房屋裂缝造成房屋坍塌的严重工程事故,对地基基础施工质量要进行严格控制。为此笔者介绍了基础不均匀沉降产生的危害、原因及不均匀沉降的控制措施。     

多层房屋砖墙裂缝浅析

多层房屋的砖墙,产生裂缝的原因一般有:地基基础不均匀沉降,温度变化胀缩不均,荷重超载作用等。砖墙、砖柱的裂缝发展严重将会危及砖砌体的稳定,或影响房屋使用,当在地震及其它荷载作用下,容易引起破坏。下面按产生裂缝的原因分类浅析。 一、地基基础不均匀沉降 软土地基上的房屋,往往由于地基不均匀沉降引起房屋墙体裂缝,多数裂缝产生于底层和顶层的纵横墙门窗洞口角部分。一般房屋均呈正向不均匀沉降,即房屋中纵向中部沉得多,故裂缝呈对称的“八”字形,且其走向往沉降大的方向上升,如图1示,如若房屋一端比另一端高几层,则可能出现     

简析高层建筑采用两种基础施工不均匀沉降控制的施工技术

高层建筑由于其高度高、重量大,在基础施工时期,其基础设计不但复杂且控制难度高。而地基基础不均匀沉降对高层建筑整体框架结构的危害也是巨大的,很容易造成房屋局部墙体开裂,结构整体倾斜甚至倒塌。所以在高层建筑施工中不但要正确认识到不均匀沉降为建筑结构所带来的危害,也要在施工中采取针对性技术进行控制,以适应如今城市中越来越多的高层建筑施工建设环境。     

不均匀沉降对框架结构的影响

针对不均匀沉降会导致墙体开裂,严重时会引起房屋倾斜甚至于倒塌的情况,以扬州市某多跨六层框架结构建筑为例,运用有限元分析软件SAP2000,模拟分析了基础不均匀沉降对上部框架结构内力和变形的影响,得出了一些有参考价值的结论。     

地基基础新技术浅谈

伴随着建筑工程工业化和产业化的发展与不断完善，新型技术新型材料在生产中有了越来越多的应用。地基基础不均匀沉降将对建筑物结构房屋产生很大的危害，轻则引起房屋墙体开裂，重则引起房屋结构整体或局部倾斜甚至倒塌。所以我们要重视地基基础的施工。     

某工程的地基不均匀沉降计算

以某学校六层钢筋混凝土框架结构教学楼为例,讨论了建筑物基础不均匀沉降计算问题。文中简要介绍并分析了采用国家标准《建筑抗震设计规范》与广东省地方标准《建筑地基基础设计规范》计算基础不均匀沉降的结果,并对两种计算结果进行分析比较,可供同行在同类的设计中参考。     

地基不均匀沉降引起的框架结构裂缝检测与处理

文章以某工程框架结构住宅为例,针对裂缝产生原因对其进行结构检测鉴定。通过对该住宅房屋布局与地基基础概况的调查、墙体裂缝分布及特征的普查、混凝土强度及钢筋布置的抽检、框架柱垂直度的偏移观测,并结合结构整体建模验算,综合分析得出裂缝由地基不均匀沉降引起,并针对于此提出合理且有效的维修处理措施。     

不均匀软弱下卧层对砌体结构的影响

通过对某典型的砖砌体结构房屋质量问题的分析，指出不均匀软弱下卧层是造成房屋不均匀沉降的主要原因。由于设计中的地基基础处理不当及施工中砌筑质量差导致了房屋严重开裂。因此对于这类问题，设计和施工两方面都要引起足够的重视，提高设计和施工质量，确保房屋安全，减少损失。     

锚杆反压钢管桩施工法在基础加固中的应用

阐述了钢筋混凝土框架结构由于地基基础不均匀沉降,导致上部墙体严重开裂,采用锚杆反压钢管桩加固基础和压力注浆处理不良地基相结合的施工工艺和方法进行处理,取得了良好的效果。     

创造性理解的灰知识重组及整合

灰信息理解是创造性思维的基础 ,当产生新知识时即为创造性理解 .主要讨论灰消息分析及灰知识重组的形式化方法、灰知识的合适度、理解子系统刷新以及知识整合等创造性理解的基本问题 .     

探索“为理解而教”在工民建专业中的教学价值

职业中专工民建专业的教学要紧紧围绕“为理解而教”模式中启发性论题、理解目标、理解活动以及持续性评价这四个部分巧妙地展开,真正做到为理解而教、学以致用,真正实现教学目的。“为理解而教”的教学模式有助干提高教学质量,可以使课堂充满活力,使学生真正成为课堂的主人,同时有利于形成和谐的人际关系、增强教学的社会性。     

Hydrological science,society and the sustainable management of Scottish freshwaters resources in the 21st century

Hydrology in Scotland has emerged as a diverse and maturing discipline in recent years following its origins in engineering and the environmental sciences. Despite significant progress in understanding the physical, chemical and biological aspects of the hydrological cycle in Scotland, hydrologists face a number of significant challenges. These include: improved basic process understanding and modelling of catchment functioning; increased understanding of climatic variability and change; the collection of more extensive and well-integrated data sets; improved understanding of the role of hydrology in maintaining good ecological status in managed rivers; and a rapidly evolving policy agenda both within Scotland and the EU. So far, the response of the scientific community to these challenges has been encouraging. However, it is concluded that in the future, hydrologists need to be increasingly engaged in interdisciplinary research projects and communicate better with environmental planners and various stakeholder groups if the discipline is going to make its full contribution to sustainable water resource management in Scotland.     

公共建筑物的公众理解与建筑师设计意图差异探寻

公众对公共建筑物的理解往往与专业评价存在一定的差异。专业人士眼中优秀的建筑物,对于公众来说却难以接受。大多数公众是通过媒体、影像资料等间接渠道了解公共建筑物的,却很难与建筑师形成直接交流。是否可能减小这样的理解差异呢？本文对此进行了探讨。     

University Towns and the Multi-Layer Transport Model: Excavating the Connections Between Academic Ethos and Transport Problems

Mobility has a profound effect on the way people live and their understanding of the world. Transport planners therefore need a clear understanding of the ways in which mobility patterns are linked to issues such as perception of self, power, and culture. Consequently, the failures of the transport sector must be studied not in isolation but as manifestations of complex social and institutional problems. An innovative theoretical and practical methodology, here termed the “multi-layer transport model”, is suggested as a means of achieving this deeper level of understanding. Its utility is demonstrated via application to a case study at the University of Coimbra in Portugal, which illustrates how the transport problems experienced in different areas of this town are connected to the culture of its ancient university.     

Using 4D CAD to visualize the impacts of highway construction on the public

Highway construction activities have a multitude of impacts on the public that change over time and with location. In devising strategies to manage and minimize these impacts, gaining an in-depth understanding about timing and spatial extents of them is crucial. However, in practice gaining such understanding is difficult due to the complex and varying nature of the impacts. To support project planners with understanding a highway construction project's impacts upfront, we developed a 4D modeling method that visualizes the most important attributes of the impacts on the public, namely their spatial extents and their progression over time. By applying the method to support a Dutch highway expansion project, we show that, compared to 2D methods, the proposed 4D modeling method provides an integral perspective of the spatial changes of the project impacts over time that allows for the evaluation of various scenarios with relative ease.     

Computer-generated physical modelling in the early stages of the design process

This paper illustrates some of the opportunities arising from the introduction of computer-generated physical modelling¹ in the early stages of the architectural design process. The use of this technology in the design process differs from previous research and practise in that it looks at the use of computer-generated physical modelling recursively in design process rather than as a means to create a final presentation model [W.J. Mitchell, M. McCullough, Digital Design Media, Van Nostrand Reihnold, New York, 1994]. Previous research in the field by the author identified recursive strategy in the design process as the area in which computer-generated physical modelling offers unique opportunities to the designer. Three unique advantages in the use of computer-generated physical modelling technology are illustrated by three case studies. These advantages are: (1) understanding kinetic design, (2) understanding design involving complex geometry and (3) understanding design at the interface with the human body.     

A Study on North American Stereotypes about the Chinese from the Perspective of Hofstede's Cultural Dimensions

Without much understanding of different cultures,it is common for people to hold stereotypes,which,negative or positive,hamper intercultural communication.Some North Americans are also stereotyped toward Chinese.Geert Hofstede’s cultural dimensions can be employed to discuss the cultural elements under the surface of their stereotypes.To be a successful communicator in diverse cultural background,understanding of the target culture and being tolerant of the diversity are significant.     

浅谈山西古建筑的艺术价值及其构成

从建筑组群总体布局、建筑造型结构、建筑材料、建筑色彩以及建筑装饰五方面阐述了山西历史建筑遗产的艺术价值，以使人们在了解山西古建筑艺术价值的同时，更深入地了解其所反映出的民族性和地域性。     

CFRP——钢管混凝土核心柱极限承载力新解

在Mobr-Coulomb强度准则的基础上，考虑截面有效约束和混凝土单轴抗压强度的影响，推导了CFRP-钢管混凝土核心柱极限承载力新解，通过与文献试验结果的比较，验证了本文承载力新解的正确性。