通过共价接枝的石墨烯聚苯胺复合薄膜的电化学性能研究

以单层石墨烯作为基底,对苯二胺与亚硝酸钠发生重氮化反应吸附石墨烯基底上生成对苯二胺功能化石墨烯。对苯二胺功能化石墨烯上的对苯胺作为初始位点用于苯胺的吸附和电化学聚合,生成共价接枝的石墨烯聚苯胺复合薄膜。这种复合材料具有良好的平面性能,在10 mV/s的扫速下循环伏安测试比容量达到305 F/g高于纯聚苯胺(216 F/g),非共价作用的石墨烯聚苯胺(106 F/g),体现良好的电化学性能。     

纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极的制备

目的以纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜为导电基底,制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管超级电容器电极。方法利用超声处理和真空抽滤制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜;利用原位聚合法制备聚苯胺和聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料;通过真空抽滤法制备纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺电极和纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极。结果在纳米纤维素/碳纤维复合膜中,碳纤维形成了互穿导电网络结构,是良好的超级电容器电极导电基体;纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极具有良好的电化学性能,在扫描速率为5 mV/s的条件下,质量比电容为380.74 F/g,且在1000次循环测试后,电容保留率为88.05%。结论以纳米纤维素/碳纤维导电复合膜作为基体制备的纳米纤维素/碳纤维-聚苯胺/碳纳米管电极具有良好的电化学性能,可以作为超级电容器电极。     

有机化学合成法制备碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料

通过有机化学合成法使苯胺单体接枝到碳纳米管表面,然后再经化学原位聚合法制备碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料.用傅立叶变换红外光谱和扫描电子显微镜对复合材料的成分和形貌进行表征.用循环伏安法、恒流充放电和电化学阻抗等电化学测试手段来表征复合材料的电化学性能.研究结果表明,所制备的复合材料比容量可达到152F/g(有机电解液),显著高于同样条件下的纯聚苯胺、纯碳纳米管及由原位化学聚合法所制备碳纳米管/聚苯胺复合材料的电化学容量(65、25、80F/g),显示出良好的应用前景.     

利用微量碳纳米管与石墨烯协同包覆提高LiCoO2正极材料的性能

采用高温固相法制备钴酸锂(LiCoO2)正极材料,将碳纳米管(CNTs)、氧化石墨烯(GO)与LiCoO2超声分散,经喷雾干燥和高温还原后,氧化石墨烯被还原成石墨烯(GR),最终得到均匀分散的碳纳米管/石墨烯/钴酸锂(CNTs/GR/LiCoO2)复合正极材料.实验采用X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、透射电镜(TEM)以及电化学测试等方法,对材料的结构、形貌和电化学性能进行表征.实验结果表明,碳纳米管与石墨烯交替分散在LiCoO2颗粒表面,形成三维分层纳米级导电网络,能有效防止复合材料的团聚,与纯LiCoO2、GR/LiCoO2、CNTs/LiCoO2相比,CNTs/GR/LiCoO2复合材料表现出更优异的电化学性能,在0.5C时放电比容量为171.28 mAh/g,循环100次后放电比容量为154.50 mAh/g,容量保持率为90.24％,5C大倍率下放电比容量达到143.60 mAh/g.     

碳纳米管与石墨烯协同改性天然石墨及其电化学性能

以碳纳米管和氧化石墨烯为原料,二者按5∶3混合超声分散再高温还原制备碳纳米管/石墨烯/天然石墨(CNTs/rGO/NG)锂离子复合负极材料。采用扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FTIR)和电化学测试等分析技术对复合材料的形貌、结构、电化学进行表征。结果表明:石墨烯和碳纳米管在天然石墨表面形成三维立体网络结构。与纯天然石墨相比,CNTs/rGO/NG复合材料具有良好的倍率性能和循环寿命,在0.1C时首次放电比容量为479mAh/g,可逆容量达473mAh/g,循环100次后容量为439.5mAh/g,容量保持率为92%,在0.5,1,5C不同电流倍率时容量依次为457,433,394mAh/g。     

聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇/磺化石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能EI北大核心CSCD

通过加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠制备聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇/磺化石墨烯(PANI/PVA/S-GNS)导电复合材料,采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行表征;通过溶解性能测试,表明十二烷基苯磺酸钠的加入,可有效降低PANI的团聚,提高复合材料的溶解性能;通过循环伏安和交流阻抗对其电化学性能进行测试,结果显示少量S-GNS的加入就能提高复合材料的电性能,在扫描速率为50 mV/s时,PANI/PVA/S-GNS的比电容为661.2 F/g,远大于比电容为354.3 F/g的PANI/PVA。     

聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇/磺化石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能

通过加入十二烷基苯磺酸钠制备聚苯胺/聚乙烯醇/磺化石墨烯(PANI/PVA/S-GNS)导电复合材料,采用红外光谱、X射线衍射、扫描电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行表征;通过溶解性能测试,表明十二烷基苯磺酸钠的加入,可有效降低PANI的团聚,提高复合材料的溶解性能;通过循环伏安和交流阻抗对其电化学性能进行测试,结果显示少量S-GNS的加入就能提高复合材料的电性能,在扫描速率为50 mV/s时,PANI/PVA/S-GNS的比电容为661.2 F/g,远大于比电容为354.3 F/g的PANI/PVA。     

聚十二烷基苯磺酸对聚苯胺电化学性能的影响

考察了多扫循环伏安法制备出的聚十二烷基苯磺酸/聚苯胺(PDBSA/PANI)复合材料的电化学性能。结果表明，与自吸附十二烷基苯磺酸/聚苯胺(DBSA/PANI)、纯PANI相比，PDBSA/PANI复合材料的荷电量最大，电化学阻抗最小，说明PDBSA更能显著地增强PANI的导电性；PDBSA/PANI复合材料的比电容为407.692F/g,比DBSA/PANI复合材料(339.307F/g)和纯PANI(235.088F/g)均高，表明PDBSA可以较大程度地改善PANI的电荷贮存性；pH和扫速试验显示PDBSA没有改变PANI的单电子单质子的氧化还原反应，说明PDBSA没有参与到聚苯胺的氧化还原反应中。     

聚苯胺/碳纳米管复合材料的制备及其电容性能研究

通过在多壁碳纳米管(MWCNTs)表面原位电化学聚合聚苯胺(PANI)制备聚苯胺/碳纳米管(PANI/MWCNTs)结构复合材料。用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱仪(XPS)对制备的聚合物形貌进行了表征。结果表明,制备的PANI/MWCNTs复合材料具有纤维状结构。采用循环伏安法(CV)和计时电流法(CP)表征该复合材料的电化学性能。通过调控了碳纳米管的管径和聚苯胺的厚度,研究其对复合材料比电容的影响规律。实验结果表明,在恒电流充放电的电流密度为0.5 mA/cm²条件下,碳纳米管的管径为50 nm,聚苯胺循环沉积CV圈数为5圈时复合材料的比电容最大,达到147.6 F/g。以上研究为制备出新型结构的聚苯胺/碳纳米管超电容材料提供了科学指导和理论依据。     

碳纳米管包覆量对天然石墨负极材料的电化学性能的影响

用溶胶-凝胶法将碳纳米管(CNT)包覆到天然石墨的表面,提高其充放电比容量和循环寿命性能,并研究了不同含量的碳纳米管对天然石墨电化学性能的影响。通过扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)和电化学测试等对CNT/天然石墨复合材料进行表征。结果表明,碳纳米管能在电极中构建空间三维导电网络,同时保留了天然石墨的晶体结构。随碳纳米管含量增加,复合材料的充放电比容量和循环稳定等电化学性能先升高后降低。碳纳米管包覆的质量分数为7%时,复合材料的综合性能最佳。在0.1C,CNT/天然石墨负极材料放电比容量为427mAh/g,比纯天然石墨(356mAh/g)提高了20%,循环100次后容量保持率仍有93.6%。     

具有负温度系数效应的导电硬质聚氨酯泡沫

采用高能球磨分散方法制备了稳定的聚合物多元醇/碳纳米管分散液,并通过原位聚合制备了导电聚氨酯（PU）/碳纳米管（CNTs）硬质泡沫复合材料。采用扫描电镜（SEM）表征了泡沫复合材料的结构,研究了CNTs含量对泡沫材料导电性的影响以及泡沫材料的负温度系数（NTC）效应,通过压缩测试考察了泡沫材料的力学性能。结果表明,CN...     

聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯）/碳纳米管/羰基铁粉电致形状记忆磁性复合材料的制备

采用超声分散磁场下原位聚合的方法制备了聚（甲基丙烯酸甲酯-丙烯酸丁酯）/碳纳米管/羰基铁粉电致形状记忆磁性复合材料。采用扫描电镜（SEM）、红外热像仪和电学性能测试等方法实验表征了材料的结构与性能。结果表明,在磁场下原位聚合可使羰基铁粉沿磁场方向取向,赋予材料各向异性的导电性能和磁响应性。超声辐照能使碳纳米管均匀分散在...     

Enhancement in insulation and mechanical properties of PMMA nanocomposite foams infused with multi-walled carbon nanotubes

In this study, PMMA/CNTs composite materials with carboxyl-multi walled carbon nanotubes (c-MWNTs) or untreated MWNTs were prepared via in-situ bulk polymerization. The as-prepared PMMA/CNTs composite materials were then characterized by Fourier-Transformation infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The molecular weights of PMMA extracted from PMMA/CNTs composite materials and bulk PMMA were determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) with THF used as the eluant. The PMMA/CNTs composite materials were used to produce foams by a batch process in an autoclave using nitrogen as foaming agent. The cellular microstructure, insulation and compressive mechanical properties of PMMA/CNTs composite foams were also investigated in detail. Compared to neat PMMA foam, the presence of CNTs increases in cell density and reduces cell size. The insulation and compressive mechanical properties of PMMA/CNTs composite foams were found to improve substantially those of neat PMMA foam. In particular, 22.6% decrease in thermal conductivity, 19.7% decrease in dielectric constant and 160% increase in compressive modulus were observed with the addition of 0.3 wt% carboxyl-multi walled carbon nanotubes (c-MWNTs).     

One-step carbon nanotubes grafting with styrene-co-acrylonitrile by reactive melt blending for electrospinning of conductive reinforced composite membranes

Aim of this research was to electrospin conductive composite membrane of styrene-co-acrylonitrile (SAN) reinforced with carbon nanotubes (CNTs). To improve electrical conductivity of final membrane ionic liquid (IL) was used. For better dispersion of CNTs in SAN matrix one-step reactive melt blending method for grafting of SAN onto CNTs was developed. Influence of SANm-g-CNTs on solutions properties was studied and compared to solutions with ungrafted CNTs and carboxyl group functionazed CNTs (CNT-COOHs). Combination of IL and SANm-g-CNTs increase in to orders of magnitude SAN membrane tensile stress and modulus. Electrical conductivity of obtained membranes achieved the level of semi-conductor materials.     

AlN-CNTs/聚酰亚胺复合材料的制备与性能

为了研究氮化铝(AlN)和碳纳米管(CNTs)对聚酰亚胺(PI)的导热、热学、力学性能的协同效应,采用湿法球磨和热压成型法制备了AlN/PI和CNTs-AlN/PI复合材料。利用X射线衍射仪、扫描电子显微镜对复合材料进行了物相分析和断面形貌表征,分别考察了AlN及其与CNTs协同对PI复合材料的导热、热学、力学性能的影响。结果表明,AlN和CNTs在PI基体中分散均匀且接触界面良好,AlN的加入可以显著地提高复合材料的导热性能,且对复合材料的热稳定性和力学性能有一定的提高;固定AlN的含量为10%,加入少量的CNTs可以提高复合材料的导热性能,但对复合材料的力学性能有一定的负面影响。     

Additive manufacturing of CNTs/PLA composites and the correlation between microstructure and functional properties

Owing to the facile,low cost,rapid,personalization characters,3D printing method has been one of the most attractive additive manufacturing processes in medicine,airplane,packaging and printing areas.In this work,a series of carbon nanotubes/polylactic acid(CNTs/PLA) composites were prepared through the combination of molten co-extrusion and 3D printing processes.The orientation and dispersion of CNTs in PLA matrix were investigated to explore the impact of 3D printing process on the morphology of CNTs/PLA composites via transmission electron microscopy,field emission scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy.X-ray diffractometer,differential scanning calorimetry,and thermal gravity analysis were employed to study the crystal structure and thermal properties of the composites.In addition,the electrical conductivity of the prepared specimen revealed that the orientation of CNTs in PLA might enhance the conductivity of the composite.It was found that 3D printing process was beneficial to increasing the purity of CNTs,electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of CNTs/PLA composites.     

碳纳米管／环氧树脂复合材料的研究

研究了碳纳米管（CNTs）／环氧树脂复合材料的分散性能及电性能。探讨了碳纳米管的含量、管径和稀释剂的用量对环氧树脂电学性能的影响，并用透射电子显微镜（TEM）和扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对其进行表征。结果表明，碳纳米管的分散和含量对环氧树脂的电性能影响很大，而加入碳纳米管能够使环氧树脂由绝缘体变为导体（电阻率〈^10mΩ·cm）。     

Multifunctional HDPE/CNTs/PW composite phase change materials with excellent thermal and electrical conductivities

The risk of leakage and low thermal conductivity severely hinder the wide application of phase change materials(PCMs).In this work,the high-density polyethylene/carbon nanotubes(HDPE/CNTs)porous scaffolds were successfully fabricated via a sacrificial template method followed by the general melt blending and water solvent etching.Subsequently,a series of paraffin wax HDPE/CNTs/PW composite PCMs were obtained combined with the simple vacuum impregnation method.The obtained HDPE/CNTs porous scaffolds can effectively avoid the leakage of PW,meanwhile,the thermal conductivity and electri-cal conductivity of HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 are increased by 2.94 times and 13 orders of magnitude compared with the HDPE/PW-3:7 respectively,also,it exhibits high phase change enthalpy(153.95 J/g for melting enthalpy and 152.82 J/g for crystallization enthalpy).From the above perspectives,the HDPE/CNTs/PW-3:7 has promising potential value in the application of light-to-thermal conversion,electro-to-thermal conversion and thermal energy storage.     

碳纳米管复合亚麻纤维柔性传感材料的制备

导电的碳纳米管(CNTs)与不导电的亚麻纤维(CEL)相结合,可以得到柔性导电复合材料。拉伸或弯曲该材料对其导电性能影响很大。根据电阻变化率(ΔR/R₀)可以敏锐地检测到材料形状的变化,因此CNTs/CEL复合材料适用于柔性传感器。用NaOH/尿素水体系处理亚麻纤维,得到CEL浆,再与不同浓度的CNTs悬浊液混合、抽滤、干燥,制得了CNTs/CEL复合材料。用XRD、FTIR和SEM分析了CNTs/CEL复合材料的结构形态。将CNTs/CEL复合材料制成形变传感器,用拉伸导电性能测试了拉伸对传感器导电性能的影响;将传感器应用到手指关节上,用电阻变化监测了手指弯曲时传感器的形变敏感性。结果发现,随着拉伸应变的增加,CNTs/CEL传感器的电阻变化率ΔR/R₀逐渐增大,50%应变下,ΔR/R₀达到980以上,能灵敏地感知到形状的变化;随着手指关节弯曲程度的增加,CNTs/CEL传感器电阻随之增大,手指最大程度弯曲时,CNTs/CEL传感器电阻可以达到12000 Ω以上,而且重复性良好。