溶胶-凝胶法制备BaxSr1-xTiO3热释电陶瓷材料

采用Ｓｏｌ－Ｇｅｌ工艺制备了不同组成ＢａｘＳｒ１－ｘＴｉＯ３（ＢＳＴ）粉体,复ＦＴ－１Ｒ、ＤＴＡ、ＸＲＤ等技术分析了溶胶－凝胶反应转变机理及凝胶热处理过程中的相结构变化的情况,同时对材料的烧结条件及材料的居里温度与其相成关系进行了研究。结果表明：获得的ＢＳＴ粉体颗粒度较细。     

柠檬酸盐法制备纳米晶SrCe0.95Yb0.05O3—α

用柠檬酸酸盐法合成了超细的ＳｒＣｅ０．９５Ｙｂ０．０５Ｏ３－α粉体。使用ＴＧ,ＤＴＡ,ＸＲＤ,ＴＥＭ测试手段,对试样的特性进行了表征,由ＴＥＭ知团粒粒径范围在４０－６０ｎｍ,由ＸＲＤ计算出原始晶粒的精确尺寸１４．７８ｎｍ。     

高稳定性的r—Fe2O3的合成及其气敏性能研究

本文采用空气氧化Ｆｅ（ＣＯ３）ｘ（ＯＨ）２（１－ｘ）悬浮液体系，控制体系的ｐＨ和掺入适量的钇元素，合成出纳米级黄ｒ－ＦｅＯＯＨ微晶。由ＤＴＡ－ＴＧ和ＸＲＤ分析得出，由ｒ－ＦｅＯＯＨ直接脱水得到的ｒ－Ｆｅ２Ｏ３样品，具有很好的热稳定性，其ｒ－ａ相变温度可达７２５℃，且粒径为纳米级，并具有很好的气敏灵敏度和选择性。６００℃烧结的气敏元件，对液化石油气（ＬＰＧ）的灵敏度Ｓ大于７０；而在７００℃下烧结的元     

防电磁包装材料

防电磁包装材料韩景平，王渝珠ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯ－ＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＳＨＩＥＬＤＩＮＧＭＡＴＥＲＤＡＬＳＦＯＲＰＡＣＫＡＧＩＮＧ￥ＨａｎＪｉｎｇｐｉｎｇ；ＷａｎｇＹｕｚｈｕＡｂｓｔｒａｃｔ：Ｔｈｉｓｐａｐｅｒｒｅｌａｔｅｓｔｈｅｇｒａｖｉｔｙｏｆｅｌｅｃｔｒ...     

La_(0.9)Sr_(0.1)Ga_(0.8)Mg_(0.2)O_(3-α)的柠檬酸盐法制备和表征

采用柠檬酸盐法制备了　Ｌａ０．９Ｓｒ０．１Ｇａ０．８Ｍｇ０．２Ｏ３－α（ＬＳＧＭ）粉体材料．ＴＧ和　ＤＴＡ分析表明,凝胶在２６５～３０９℃下分解为相应的氧化物．ＸＲＤ测试表明,凝胶在１３００℃以上煅烧时,转变为简单立方钙钛矿结构的纯相产物．１４５０℃下烧结体的相对密度为８８％,其复阻抗特性表明产物中没有明显的晶界过程,且在８００℃下的电导率为 ２.１×１０－２Ｓｃｍ－１,活化能为０．９８ｅＶ．     

REPORT ON ELECTROMAGNETIC METROLOGY IN CHINA DURING 1990-1992

ＲＥＰＯＲＴＯＮＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＭＡＧＮＥＴＩＣＭＥＴＲＯＬＯＧＹＩＮＣＨＩＮＡＤＵＲＩＮＧ１９９０－１９９２￥ＹａｎｇＸｉａｏｒｅｎ；ＲｅｎＤｉａｎｑｉｎｇ；ＬｉＺｉｚｈｏｎｇ（ＣｏｍｍｉｓｓｉｏｎＡ，ＣｏｍｍｉｔｔｅｅｆｏｒＣｈｉｎｅｓｅＵＲＳＩ）...     

Sr1-xBixFeO3-δ(x≤0.50)的柠檬酸盐法制备和导电性

采用柠檬酸法制备了Ｓｒ１－ｘＢｉｘＦｅＯ３－δ（ｘ≤０．５０）系列氧离子－电子混合导体,并采用ＸＲＤ,ＩＲ,ＴＧ,ＤＴＡ和交流复阻抗技术对产物进行了表征。初始凝胶经自燃和８００℃下预烧,可得纯相钙钛矿产物粉体,其结构与ＳｒＦｅＯ３相似,为正交对称性。     

PTCR型（Sr，Pb）TiO_3陶瓷

ＰＴＣＲ型（Ｓｒ，Ｐｂ）ＴｉＯ_３陶瓷王德君，桂治轮，李龙土（清华大学，北京，１０００８４）（Ｓｒ，Ｐｂ）ＴｉＯ_３ＰＴＣＲＣｅｒａｍｉｃｓ￥ＷａｎｇＤｅｊｕｎ；ＧｕｉＺｈｉｌｕｎ；ＬｉＬｏｎｇｔｕ（ＴｓｉｎｇｈｕａＵｎｉｖｅｒｓｉｔｙ，Ｂｅｉｊｉｎｇ...     

水相溶胶—凝胶法制备电变色TiO2薄膜

采用水相ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ法制备了ＴｉＯ２薄膜,以ＴＧ,ＤＴＡ,ＦＴＩＲ,ＸＲＤ和ＳＥＭ等方法研究了成膜过程中薄膜的结构变化,经３５０－４５０℃处理的薄膜为锐钛矿相结构 ,「２０４」择优取向。经一次旋涂所得的薄膜在１５０℃处理１ｈ后,厚度为５０ｎｍ;在循环伏安特性测试中,其注入／抽出电荷容量分别为４．７８,２．５２ｍＣ＝ｃｍ＾２。     

NiMn2O4纳米粉体的制备

用溶胶－凝胶法（ｓｏｌ－ｇｅｌ）合成ＮｉＭｎ２Ｏ４纳米级粉体，利用差热分析（ＤＴＡ），热失重（ＴＧ），Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ），透射电子显微镜（ＴＥＭ）等广阔博征合成过程及纳米粉体的结构，研究结果表明，ＮｉＭｎ２Ｏ４纳米粉体相合成温度比传统固相反应方法合成温度低大约３００℃，粉体的形状呈多面体形。     

CeO_2掺杂对La_(0.7)Ca_(0.3)CrO_(3-δ)低温烧结及电导性能的影响

LaCrO3基固体氧化物燃料电池(SOFC)连接材料存在难以在空气中致密化烧结、中温电导率差等缺陷。本文利用自燃烧工艺(auto-ignition process)制备La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ高活性粉体,掺入2%～8%(质量分数)CeO2作为烧结助剂,在1 400℃空气气氛下烧结获得了95.4%以上的高致密度,并且随着CeO2掺杂量的增加晶粒逐渐细化;掺入2%CeO2时La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ烧结样品的电导率最高,在空气中850℃达到52.7Scm-1,500℃时也能达到41.9Scm-1,约为同等条件下未掺杂La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ电导率的2.5倍,完全能够满足中温固体氧化物燃料电池连接材料的使用要求。     

Nanostructured La(Sr)CrO3 through gel combustion: sintering and electrical behavior

Nanostructured La(Sr)CrO3 (LSC) powders was prepared through glycine-nitrate gel combustion process. It was shown for the first time that the use of relatively inexpensive CrO3 as a starting material for chromium has a potential for the bulk preparation of sinter-active LSC powder. As-prepared powder when calcined at 700 degrees C resulted in LSC along with a small amount of SrCrO4 as a secondary phase. The powder was found to be composed of soft agglomerates with a particle size of approximately 70-270 nm. The average agglomerate size was found to be 0.95 microm. The cold pressing and sintering of the LSC powder at 1450 degrees C resulted in mono-phasic La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 with 94% of its theoretical density. This is the lowest sintering temperature ever reported for La0.8Sr0.2CrO3. The conductivity of the sintered La0.8Sr0.2CrO3 at 1000 degrees C was found to be approximately 18 S cm(-1).     

涂料型La1-xSrxMnO3智能热控涂层的研究

以固相反应法制备了高纯度La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体,并以其为基料,磷酸二氢铝为粘结剂,采用涂覆工艺在铝基片上制备了涂料型La0.8Sr0.2MnO3热控涂层.采用XRD、EDS对La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体的成分进行了表征,用稳态卡计法测量了涂层在100~100℃温度区间内热辐射率随温度的变化,并测量了涂层的太阳吸收比.研究结果表明:粉体合成过程中,经过1200℃三次热处理制备的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体纯度高,合成的粉体具有均匀的微米级粒径尺寸.通过适当调整浆料中La0.8Sr0.2MnO3粉体所占质量百分比,获得辐射率变化范围大于0.3的热控涂层,该性能与采用烧结工艺制备的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3陶瓷片材料在变温条件下的辐射率变化范围接近.该涂层在航天器热控技术中具有潜在的应用前景.     

高压下纳米La_(0.8)Sr(0.2)MnO_3块状材料的成型及性能研究

在高压条件下制备出了晶粒尺寸为30nm左右的La0.8Sr0.2MnO3块状材料.采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和场发射扫描电子显微镜(FESEM)对高压样品的相组成、晶粒尺寸及微观形貌进行了表征;利用显微拉曼光谱仪测量了不同压力下制备出的块状样品在激光功率为400mW时位于100～3000cm-1之内的拉曼光谱.结果表明,高压烧结时样品的晶粒演化受温度和压力的共同影响:300℃以下时,1～3GPa烧结的样品晶粒生长速度随压力的升高而增大,4～5GPa烧结的样品其晶粒生长速度随压力的升高而减小;300℃以上时,其晶粒生长速度随压力和温度的升高而不断增大.测量了高压烧结后纳米La0.8Sr0.2MnO3块状材料的各种物理性能,结果表明,高压烧结后该材料的显微硬度显著提高;当烧结温度为300℃时,不同压力下制得的样品的电阻率随压力的升高呈先减小后增大的趋势;5GPa,300℃时制出的样品在室温下呈典型的铁磁性能.     

Sr~(2+)掺杂及非化学计量LaFeO_3的溶剂热制备及光催化性能

利用简单的溶剂热法制备LaFeO_3、La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3-δ)以及非化学计量的La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2)FeO_(3-δ)(x=0.97,1.03)纳米颗粒。采用XRD、TEM、UV-Vis、XPS等手段对样品的形貌和结构进行表征,以孔雀石绿(MG)光降解为模型反应,在最大吸收波长下(616.9nm)考察材料的光催化性能。结果表明:Sr~(2+)的掺入减小了晶粒尺寸,致使晶体产生晶格畸变并形成氧空位V··O,抑制电子-空穴重组,增大量子效率;掺入Sr~(2+)并改变非化学计量,使得催化剂在可见光区域有较强的光吸收,比表面积增大,其中(La_(0.8)Sr_(0.2))1.03FeO_(3-δ)的比表面积最大(20.164 4m2/g),可见光降解效率也最高(83.8%)。Sr~(2+)掺杂及非化学计量LaFeO_3的可见光催化活性均高于纯LaFeO_3。     

Structural,Sintering and Electrical Properties of Cr-doped La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ（x=0.10,0.20） Oxides

The perovskite Cr-doped La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides were synthesized via the citrate gel method.The perovskite forming of the La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides were studied by thermogravimetric analysis(TG),differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Structural and chemical stability under H 2-containing helium atmospheres of La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) were investigated by TG and XRD.The sintering microstructures of the perovskite La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) ceramics were investigated by scanning electron microscopy(SEM),and the electrical conductivities of both oxide ceramics were also measured up to 900 C.The results demonstrated that the chemical stability of the Co-free La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides was significantly improved compared to the Co-containing La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ and Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-δ oxides.The incorporation of Cr cations in the B-site of the pervoskite oxides resulted in the improved structural and chemical stability of the as-synthesized La0.6Sr0.4CrxFe1-xO3-δ(x=0.10,0.20) oxides.     

微波辅助Sol-gel法制备La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ超细粉体及其烧结性能的研究

铬酸镧是最有希望的固体氧化物燃料电池陶瓷连接材料,但存在空气中烧结活性差、中温电导率低等缺陷。利用微波辅助Sol-gel工艺成功制备了La0.7Ca0.3CrO3-δ高活性超细粉体,粉体粒径分布集中,900℃煅烧后的粉体在1400℃空气中烧结4h获得了高达96.3%的相对密度。烧结体具有优良的电导性能,850℃达到63.6S/cm,远高于文献报道值,完全能够满足中温燃料电池(IT-SOFCs)的使用要求。     

煅烧温度对La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3晶体结构及电磁性能的影响

采用传统固相反应法在不同烧结温度下制备了La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品,通过X射线衍射仪(XRD)和扫描电镜显微镜(SEM)对样品进行了物相结构和微观组织分析,比较了不同烧结温度下样品的烧结性、介电性和铁磁性能。研究结果表明,当烧结温度从1100℃增加到1200℃时,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电损耗呈降低趋势,介电常数数值呈增加趋势,并在测量频率范围内显示负值。随着烧结温度的增加,La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的铁磁性呈现先上升后下降的趋势。当烧结温度为1150℃时,其饱和磁化强度达到最大,为37.80A·m~2·kg~(-1)。说明可以通过改变煅烧温度来有效调节晶粒尺寸,从而改进La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3样品的介电性能和铁磁性能。     

Synthesis and characterization of pure and doped (Na, Ca, Sr) nanograined LaMnO3 magnetoresistive ceramics

Pure and Na, Ca, and Sr doped lanthanum manganites (LaMnO3, La0.85Na0.15MnO3, La0.7Ca0.3 MnO3, La0.7Sr0.3MnO3) were prepared in form of bulk nano-structured materials through a two-step process. Nanometric powders were synthesized by the Pechini method and subsequently densified by Spark Plasma Sintering at 1273 K for 5 minutes under a pressure of 140 MPa. The method allowed the preparation of single phase manganites with a theoretical density above 98% together with a very limited growth of the grain size. Grain sizes below 70 nm were obtained for all materials except La0.85Na0.15MnO3 which showed a much larger grain size. Curie temperatures (Tc) and magnetoresistivity properties of the samples were measured by a Superconducting Quantum Interference Device (SQUID). The decrease in the resistivity below Tc occurred in a much wider range of temperature compared to ceramics having micron-size grains.     

水热合成法制备La0.7Sr0.3FeO3纳米线的合成机理研究

在表面活性剂CTAB水溶液中添加硝酸盐溶液,并滴加氨水,采用水热合成法在180℃的温度下反应9h,制备了La0.7Sr0.3FeO3前驱体,在700℃下煅烧6h后得到La0.7Sr0.3FeO3纳米颗粒组装的纳米线。利用SEM、TEM和XRD对其形貌、尺寸和结构等进行了表征。制备的La0.7Sr0.3FeO3纳米线是由约为20nm的纳米颗粒组装而成的,纳米线的最大长径比达100以上。通过改变水热合成时间和前驱体的煅烧温度等实验条件,对La0.7Sr0.3FeO3纳米线的物相转化和生长机理进行了分析。表面活性剂CTAB作为生长控制剂和颗粒凝聚载体,能够控制材料沿着轴向生长,形成纳米线。