低温自交联型丙烯酸酯无皂黏合剂的制备及应用

通过改变软硬单体配比、不同交联单体的选择及其用量等,优化了丙烯酸酯无皂黏合剂的合成工艺,即软硬单体配比为1.35〖KG-*5〗∶〖KG-*5〗1.00,交联单体HA为2.0%。将合成的丙烯酸酯黏合剂应用于涂料印花,优化的印花工艺为：涂料3%,自制无皂黏合剂35%,80 ℃预烘3 min,120 ℃焙烘3 min。结果表明,印花织物耐干、湿摩擦色牢度和耐皂洗色牢度与市售的涂料印花黏合剂相当。     

新型有机硅季铵盐抗菌剂的合成

采用苄基氯季铵化叔胺基硅油合成了新型的有机硅季铵盐抗菌剂。研究了原料配比、溶剂用量、反应温度、反应时间对产品抗菌性的影响。优选了合成工艺条件：n（叔胺基硅油）〖KG-*5〗∶〖KG-*5〗n（氯化苄）=1.0〖KG-*5〗∶〖KG-*5〗1.2,溶剂质量与两反应物的质量比为1〖KG-*5〗∶〖KG-*5〗1,反应温度75 ℃,反应时间8 h。测试了自制有机硅季铵盐的抗菌效果,对大肠埃希菌的抑菌圈可达11.5 mm,对金黄葡萄球菌的抑菌圈可达13.1 mm。抗菌整理织物具有较好的耐洗性。     

合成增稠剂/瓜尔胶复配糊料在分散染料印花中的应用

研究了合成增稠剂FS和瓜尔胶(GG)糊料的黏度性能及不同复配比用于分散染料印花印制性能。结果表明,合成增稠剂FS黏度可控性好,但耐染料性能差;GG黏度可控性差,但耐染料性能好。FS和GG的复配糊料随着GG质量分数的增加,耐染料性能提高,但印制性能有所下降。综合看,当复配糊料中FS、GG的质量比为9.5∶0.5时,某些品种的印花达到了海藻酸钠糊料的水平,降低了生产成本。     

基于γ酸系双活性基染料的结构和性能

〖HT5"SS〗红色活性染料是活性染料的三原色之一,它既可以单独使用,也可以与活性黑5及橙色染料复配拼黑色应用于织物染色。以γ酸为染料中间体,通过缩合反应及重氮偶合反应,合成两只含不同水溶性基团的双活性基红色活性染料,研究了染料在纯棉织物上的染色应用性能以及结构与性能的关系。结果表明,合成的两只双活性基染料具有良好的上染率、固色率。两支染料按1〖KG-*9〗∶〖KG-*2〗2的比例拼混,得到了一只色光及提升力更好的红色拼混染料。     

分散黑ECTT的复配及其染色性能

采用复配原理对分散黑染料进行配方设计并对染色效果进行分析。分子结构、紫外可见吸收光谱曲线、上染速率等分析结果表明,分散橙44、分散橙73、分散紫V93、分散蓝291〖KG-*9〗∶〖KG-*2〗1适合复配分散黑染料。复配所得的分散黑ECTT染料具有良好的染色性能,较市场上应用较多的分散黑EX SF300%在染深性上有所提高,并具有良好的各项色牢度,节能减排,市场化前景良好。     

羧甲基罗望子胶在活性印花中的应用

研究了不同取代度羧甲基罗望子胶(CMT)糊料的基本性能,将其用于活性染料印花,并与海藻酸钠糊料的印花效果进行比较。结果表明,CMT属于高浓度低黏度糊料,具有良好的流变性、抱水性和黏度稳定性;随着CMT取代度的增加,其活性染料印花性能逐步改善,取代度达到1.1时的CMT印花效果与海藻酸钠接近,具有较高的得色量、花纹轮廓清晰度及脱糊率,可代替海藻酸钠糊料用于活性染料印花。     

羧甲基瓜尔胶在活性印花中的应用性能

研究不同取代度羧甲基瓜尔胶(CMG)糊料的基本物化性能,将其用于活性染料印花,并与海藻酸钠糊料的印花效果进行对比。结果表明,随着CMG取代度增加,PVI值变大,保水性提高;CMG糊黏度在p H=8.5~11.0比较稳定,染料及防染盐S与糊料具有良好的相容性,尿素对原糊黏度的影响不明显,储存稳定性较海藻酸钠好。CMG用于活性染料印花,随着取代度增加,脱糊率变大,印花织物轮廓清晰度和表观得色量提高;取代度为1.10的CMG与海藻酸钠以质量比1∶1复配,活性染料印花效果良好。     

SA/ZW603混合糊料活性染料印花研究

研究了海藻酸钠(SA)与合成增稠剂ZW603不同比例混合糊料的基本性质和实际印花效果,并与单独使用两种糊料进行比较.研究结果表明,海藻酸钠与合成增稠剂ZW603以合适比例复配的混合糊料符合印花糊料的一般要求,某些性能甚至超过海藻酸钠;另外,此混合糊料可显著降低印花成本.     

海藻酸钠/FS-80E复合糊料在圆网印花中的应用

海藻酸钠(SA)不适合印制大面积和精细花纹,且近年来价格上升;合成增稠剂FS-80E存在可纺性差,在实际应用中会相互沾污的缺点,将SA与FS-80E复配成复合糊料,以克服上述缺点.研究不同复配比例对复合糊料黏度、抱水性、存储性、流变性、脱糊率以及花纹清晰度的影响,以期获得印花效果好、应用广泛、成本低的复合糊料.结果表明...     

低品味海泡石在毛巾印花糊料中的应用

海泡石是一种非金属粘土矿物,用途广泛,其所具有的流变性、悬浮性、增稠性和分散性等性能,为其在印花糊料中的应用提供了可能。本研究采用低品位海泡石与海藻酸钠进行复配来制备棉毛巾印花用新型糊料。研究结果表明,海泡石与海藻酸钠复配比例在3∶7、4∶6及5∶5时均可用于毛巾织物印花,其中4∶6时印花效果最佳。新型糊料安全环保,对环境及人体无毒无害,成本低,性能稳定。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Chlorohydrins of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) and of bisphenol F diglycidyl ether (BFDGE) in canned foods and ready-to-drink coffees from the Japanese market

BADGE.2HCl and BFDGE.2HCl were determined in 28 samples of ready-to-drink canned coffee and 18 samples of canned vegetables (10 corn, 5 tomatoes and 3 others), all from the Japanese market. HPLC was used as the principal analytical method and GCMS for confirmation of relevant LC fractions. BADGE.2HCl was found to be present in one canned coffee and five samples of corn, BFDGE.2HCl in four samples of canned tomatoes and in one canned corn. No sample was found which exceeded the 1mg/kg limit of the EU for the BADGE chlorohydrins. However the highest concentration was found for the sum of BFDGE.2HCl and BFDGE.HCl.H₂O at a level of 1.5mg/kg. A Beilstein test confirmed that all cans containing foods contaminated with BADGE.2HCl or BFDGE.2HCl had at lest one part coated with a PVC organosol.     

European priorities for research to support legislation in the area of food contact materials and articles

A strong science base is required to underpin the planning and decision-making process involved in determining future European community legislation on materials and articles in contact with food. Significant progress has been made in the past 5 years in European funded work in this area, with many developments contributing to a much better understanding of the migration process, and better and simpler approaches to food control. In this paper this progress is reviewed against previously identified work-areas (identified in 1994) and conclusions are reached about future requirements for R&D to support legislation on food contact materials and articles over the next 5 or so years.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the