天然色素甜菜红对双蛋白纤维的媒染染色

采用甜菜红色素对双蛋白纤维进行媒染染色,比较媒染剂种类对染色织物染色性能的影响,得出稀土为较适宜的染色媒染剂。探讨媒染染色温度、时间、pH值、氯化钠、甜菜红和稀土用量对双蛋白纤维媒染染色性能的影响,测试染色织物的耐洗和摩擦牢度。研究结果表明,稀土作为双蛋白纤维染色用媒染剂,其最佳染色工艺条件为:甜菜红1.5%(owf),稀土1~2 g/L,pH值2~3,媒染温度30℃左右,媒染时间约90 min,染色织物具有较深的色泽和一定的染色牢度。     

甜菜红色素的稳定性探讨

采用紫外可见光谱法对甜菜红色素的稳定性进行研究,探讨了pH、温度、时间和金属离子对甜菜红色素吸收光谱的影响,分析了甜菜红色素降解的原因。结果表明：甜菜红色素的稳定性较差,随着pH的增加、温度的升高、时间的延长,甜菜红色素的降解程度均逐渐增大。     

甜菜红色素的稳定性探讨

采用紫外可见光谱法对甜菜红色素的稳定性进行研究,探讨了pH、温度、时间和金属离子对甜菜红色素吸收光谱的影响,分析了甜菜红色素降解的原因。结果表明:甜菜红色素的稳定性较差,随着pH的增加、温度的升高、时间的延长,甜菜红色素的降解程度均逐渐增大。     

甜菜红色素对蚕丝织物染色工艺研究

对甜菜红色素染色蚕丝织物的染色性能进行了研究.研究结果表明,直接染色最佳工艺为:pH值为3,温度30℃,时间40 min;壳聚糖处理后染色和媒染染色都能显著提高上染百分率,媒染染色后摩擦牢度和水洗牢度均有所提高.     

酸性染料对大豆蛋白/牛奶/聚乙烯醇共混纤维的吸附性能

采用C.I. 酸性蓝113和C.I. 酸性蓝168对大豆蛋白/牛奶酪素蛋白/聚乙烯醇共混纤维（简称双蛋白纤维）和大豆蛋白/聚乙烯醇共混纤维（简称大豆蛋白纤维）进行染色,比较了Langmuir和Langmuir+Nerst两个染色热力学方程对实验点的模拟结果,探讨了染色温度对Langmuir+Nerst吸附常数的影响,分析了两只染料对双蛋白纤维和大豆蛋白纤维吸附性能的差异。结果表明,Langmuir+Nerst吸附模型比更适合于描述C.I. 酸性蓝113和C.I. 酸性蓝168在双蛋白纤维和大豆蛋白纤维上的吸附,染料在双蛋白纤维上的平衡吸附量高于大豆蛋白纤维,C.I. 酸性蓝113与纤维离子键结合程度高于C.I. 酸性蓝168。     

离子型染料对牛奶蛋白复合纤维的染色性能

采用阳离子、中性、活性染料对牛奶蛋白复合纤维进行染色,研究温度、pH值、时间和助剂对上染百分率的影响。结果表明,牛奶蛋白复合纤维采用离子型染料染色,染料提升性,移染性好,染色牢度高。染色的最佳工艺为:阳离子染料,染色温度85℃,pH值5.0～5.5,染色时间40 min;中性染料,染色温度80℃,pH值3.5～4.5,染色时间45 min;活性染料,染色温度90℃,pH值3.5～4.5,染色时间55 min。     

蛋白酶法胭脂虫红色素的萃取及对柞蚕丝织物的染色

利用蛋白酶与水结合的方法对胭脂虫干体内的胭脂虫红色素进行萃取,并通过天然染料胭脂虫红色素对柞蚕丝织物进行染色。利用蛋白酶进行色素提取,过程具有温度低、萃取时间短、提取效果好等特点。通过对上染工艺中的胭脂虫红色素质量浓度、染色温度、染色时间、pH值等影响因素进行单因素试验分析,得到了最佳的染色工艺为:胭脂虫红质量浓度1.5 g/L,染色温度80℃,染色时间40 min,pH值为4,浴比1∶40。     

胭脂虫红色素对羊毛织物的染色性能研究

从染液pH值、染色温度、染色时间、染料提升性等方面入手对胭脂虫红色素上染羊毛织物的性能进行研究,并对染色牢度和生态安全性进行测试.研究结果表明,胭脂虫红色素上染羊毛的最佳工艺条件为:染液pH值3～4,染色温度为80 C以上,染色时间为50～60min;胭脂虫红色素对羊毛织物具有较好的提升性;胭脂虫红色素染色的羊毛织物的金属离子含量和禁用偶氮染料含量达到生态纺织品的要求.     

双蛋白纤维的耐干热性能

在恒温条件下对大豆蛋白/牛奶酪素蛋白/聚乙烯醇共混纤维(简称双蛋白纤维)进行干热处理,探讨了干热处理温度和时间对双蛋白纤维白度、黄度、质量损失率的影响,并通过染色试验测定了干热处理条件对酸性深蓝5R染色双蛋白纤维性能的影响.研究表明,双蛋白纤维能够耐受一定的高温,随着干热处理温度的升高和时间的延长,纤维的白度逐渐下降而黄度和质量损失率逐渐增大,205℃干热处理2h或220℃干热处理0.5h后,纤维黄度和质量损失率均急剧上升,染色纤维的表观色深K/S值下降明显,220℃干热处理0.5h后再延长处理时间,纤维开始燃烧.干热处理一定温度和时间后,纤维的染色特征值有所变化,纤维的彩度C和色相角H随干热处理温度的升高和时间的延长而降低.     

牛奶蛋白纤维染色性能的研究

研究了酸性染料对牛奶蛋白纤维的染色性能,探讨了pH值、染色温度、时间、元明粉浓度等对染料上染百分率的影响,并测试分析了染色后的皂洗牢度和透染性能.得出酸性染料对牛奶蛋白纤维的最佳的染色条件:温度为90～100 ℃、染色时间为60 min左右.此外,染色pH值随染料不同而不同,羊毛专用酸性染料及弱酸性染料适宜pH值在4～5之间,强酸性染料适宜pH值在2～3之间.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press