亚麻织物的低分子聚羧酸防皱整理

以马来酸(MA)、丙稀酸(AA)和衣康酸(IA)为原料,通过自聚或共聚得到粘均分子质量为300～1 000的羧酸低聚物,用于亚麻织物防皱整理.通过与1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)、柠檬酸(CA)、MA、IA、AA等几种小分子羧酸对比,研究了羧酸低聚物结构与防皱性能之间的关系.结果表明:该类低聚物具有较佳的防皱性能,整理后织物的断裂强度和水洗牢度明显提高,其中马来酸低聚物(PM)整理效果明显高于其他4类羧酸低聚物整理剂,较优整理工艺条件下,亚麻织物的折皱回复角(WRA)达到了214°,断裂强度保留率(TSR)为65.2％,且水洗牢度较好.     

亲水氨基硅油对亚麻织物壳聚糖/柠檬酸防皱整理的影响

向降解壳聚糖/柠檬酸(JCTA/CA)亚麻织物防皱整理复配体系中加入亲水氨基硅油SSA。通过考查SSA用量变化,研究亚麻织物的防皱性能,并通过正交试验确定SSA对亚麻织物防皱整理的最佳工艺。结果表明,添加SSA可显著提高JCTA/CA复配体系的亚麻防皱整理效果,w(SSA)=5%(占整理液质量,下同)时折皱回复角提高约40°,SSA添加JCTA/CA复配体系的亚麻织物防皱整理最佳工艺为w(SSA)=3%,w(JCTA)∶w(CA)=0.2%∶7.8%,145℃焙烘时间4 min,催化剂w(SHP)=6%,浴比1∶20。     

亚麻织物BTCA防皱整理及强力保护研究

采用聚乙二醇(PEG)和三乙胺(TEA)改进1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)无甲醛抗皱整理亚麻织物的机械性能.通过单因素试验研究了部分整理工艺条件对亚麻织物性能(干折皱回复角、断裂强力)的影响,在此基础上,探索添加不同质量浓度PEG(分子质量200～1500)和TEA对织物性能的影响,以期找到抗皱效果和机械性能的平衡.优化工艺条件为:BTCA40g/L,催化剂次亚磷酸钠(SHP)6%,PEG40020g/L,三乙胺20g/L;两浸两轧,80℃预烘2min,150℃焙烘3min.经优化工艺整理织物在取得较好防皱效果的同时,能够较大地提高断裂强力保留率.     

混合多羧酸-壳聚糖对真丝绸的抗皱整理

用1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)、柠檬酸(CA)和壳聚糖(CS)一起对真丝绸进行抗皱整理,讨论了有关工艺因素对整理效果的影响,并测定了织物先整理后染色的上染性能。研究结果表明,抗皱整理的最佳工艺条件为BTCA与CA的摩尔比为1∶1,混合多羧酸8%,壳聚糖0.04%,次亚磷酸钠6%,三乙醇胺3%,170℃焙烘1.5～2min。整理织物具有较好的耐洗性,整理对染色牢度基本无影响。     

棉织物的混合多元羧酸-壳聚糖防皱整理

以1，2，3，4-丁烷四羧酸（BTCA）、柠檬酸（CA）和壳聚糖（CTA）共同对棉织物进行防皱整理，讨论了工艺因素对整理效果的影响，并测定了整理织物的染色性能。研究结果表明，防皱整理的最佳工艺条件为：BTCA与CA的质量之比1：1，多羧酸8％，壳聚糖0．10％，次亚磷酸钠6％，三乙醇胺3％，180℃焙烘2min。整理后会使织物染色深度下降，颜色有所变化，但基本不影响染色牢度。     

染苑精粹

正丝织物的纳米银抗菌整理2017011采用纳米银粒子、1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸和次磷酸钠以轧烘焙(二浸二轧)工艺对蚕丝进行抗菌处理。试验发现,以6%的1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸、3%次磷酸钠和250 mg/kg纳米银粒子处理的丝织物能满足抗菌性要求。红外光谱分析显示,1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸具有良好的交联性;X射线衍射发现,处理后蚕丝纤维的晶体结构和结晶度没有改变;扫描电镜观察到纳米银粒子进入到纤维基质中;处理后蚕丝织物的各项物理性能没有改变。     

壳聚糖与丁烷四羧酸对棉织物的抗菌/防皱复合整理

采用过氧化氢/醋酸体系降解壳聚糖,得到相对分子质量为3.8×10~5,2×10~5,1.44×10~5,7.2×10~4,3.2×10~4,1.1×10~4,4×10~3的降解壳聚糖,将其分别以不同质量浓度与丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)复配对棉织物进行整理,测试整理后织物的折皱回复角、撕破强力、白度以及对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌率,讨论壳聚糖相对分子质量及质量浓度对整理织物抗菌/防皱性能的影响。研究表明:通过一浴一步法,采用相对分子质量为2×105的壳聚糖,以1.0 g/L的质量浓度与BTCA复配整理棉织物,织物的防皱、抗菌性均佳,此时织物的折皱回复角为264.3°,强力保留率为经向77.3%、纬向63.5%,白度为68.3%,抑菌率为68.7%;再加入10.0 g/L的抗菌剂AGP,织物的抑菌率可提高至98.5%,折皱回复角为263.0°,强力保留率经向为83.5%,纬向为76.4%,白度为69.1%。     

壳聚糖丁烷四羧酸整理大麻织物染色性能分析

为了提高大麻织物的染色深度,使用不同脱乙酰度、不同分子质量的壳聚糖与丁烷四羧酸对大麻织物进行整理,用Remazol活性蓝染料对整理后的大麻织物进行染色试验,采用单因素分析法对整理工艺进行了优化.研究结果表明,大麻织物经过壳聚糖整理,染色织物K/S值大幅度提高,且摩擦和刷洗牢度得到明显改善.壳聚糖分子质量和脱乙酰度对K/S值影响显著,当分子质量低于10 000,脱乙酰度(脱乙酰度<90%)越高时,K/S值越大.最佳整理工艺为:丁烷四羧酸6%(owb),壳聚糖1.8%(owb),次亚磷酸钠7%(owb),渗透剂JFC 2%(owb),95℃预烘150 s,140℃焙烘60 s.     

亚麻织物的N-马来酰化降解壳聚糖防皱整理

在室温条件下以丙酮为反应介质,用马来酸酐对降解壳聚糖进行N-酰化改性,经傅立叶变换红外光谱表征后,用于亚麻防皱整理。与壳聚糖及降解壳聚糖的整理效果相比,经N马-来酰化降解壳聚糖(N-M-JCTS)整理后的亚麻,抗皱效果及耐水洗性能好,白度也略有提高,但断裂强力保留率有所下降。最佳的整理工艺条件为:N-M-JCTS 0.6%,SHP 3%,175℃焙烘3 m in,整理后织物折皱回复角可达227°。     

碱丝光对BTCA整理棉织物防皱性能的影响

为阐明棉纤维无定形区结构变化与防皱性能的构效关系,以1,2,3,4-丁烷四羧酸(BTCA)作整理剂,对经过不同碱丝光处理的棉织物进行防皱整理。结果表明:碱丝光使棉纤维结晶度指数(CI)降低,当丝光时间大于30 s后,CI变化趋于平缓;纤维横截面由腰子形变为圆形,纱线整体均匀度提高。与未碱丝光处理织物相比,碱丝光处理的织物经BTCA整理后,酯键交联程度较高,撕破强力提高较大。这证明棉纤维的防皱性能与无定形区密切相关,无定形区比例、均匀度和取向度的适当提高有利于克服BTCA整理织物的强力损失。当NaOH质量浓度为200 g/L,碱丝光时间为20 s时,整理织物折皱回复角达到252.0°,撕破强力保留率为69.30%。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press