阻燃涤纶染色工艺

采用分散金黄E-TD、分散红3B和分散蓝2BLN对阻燃涤纶和普通涤纶纱线染色,探讨染色温度、时间、pH值和染料用量对染色涤纶K/S值的影响。研究结果表明,低温型分散染料可在98℃上染阻燃涤纶,染色pH值对阻燃涤纶的的影响与普通涤纶类似;阻燃涤纶染色温度达到75℃后上染速率大大加快,需严格控制升温速度;染色涤纶的提升性能与染料结构性能有直接关系;阻燃涤纶的染色牢度与普通涤纶类似。     

阻燃涤纶染色工艺研究

采用分散金黄E TD、分散红3B和分散蓝2BLN对阻燃涤纶和普通涤纶纱线进行染色,探讨了染色温度、时间、pH值和染料用量对染色涤纶K/S值的影响,研究结果表明,低温型分散染料可在98 ℃上染阻燃涤纶;染色pH值对阻燃涤纶的影响与普通涤纶类似;染色涤纶的提升性能与染料结构性能有直接关系;阻燃涤纶染色温度达到75 ℃后上染速率大大加快,需严格控制升温速度;阻燃涤纶的染色牢度与普通涤纶类似。     

聚酯纤维染色改性的研究

本文用分散型阳离子黄SD－5GL，红SD－GRL，蓝SD－GSL上染阳离子可染纤维，研究了温度，保温时间，升温速率，染浴的pH值对上染率和K／S值的影响，并讨论了分散型阳离子染料和分散染料拼混对染色性能的影响，研究结果表明，三组分阳离子可染涤纶可以在常压下染色。     

涤纶织物分散染料染色浴中分散匀染剂的应用

探讨了涤纶织物染浴中分散匀染剂在高温高压染色工艺中的应用。分析了染色色差、分散染料上染速率、分散染料分散性能、移染性能及大货染花评估。结果表明,分散匀染剂PSD能够有效地控制分散染料染涤纶的上染速率,达到稳定染液,防止染色不匀的目的,染色效果较为理想。     

改性涤纶与腈纶同浴染色性能初探

从纤维结构及染色工艺方面对阳离子可染涤纶的染色性能进行了研究,通过测定上染百分率和玻璃化温度讨论了两种纤维同浴染色的可行性,并进一步探讨了染色温度、元明粉和染料用量对染色性能的影响。结论是:用阳离子染料染色时改性涤纶的上染速率比腈纶快;腈纶与改性涤纶同浴染色适宜染中浅色,且染色温度应严格控制,染料用量为1%～2%,元明粉用量为5%。     

安诺可隆PUD-NP环保型高坚牢度分散染料

从染料的粉尘飞扬性、大颗粒和高温分散稳定性、提升性、染色温度和pH值等方面,研究安诺可隆PUD-NP系列环保型高坚牢度分散染料上染涤纶织物的染色性能。优化的染色工艺为:染料质量分数2%(染黑色质量分数为4%),染色温度130℃,染色时间50 min,染色pH值4.0。采用该工艺染色织物具有较好的色牢度和环保性能。     

PLA纤维染色动力学研究

选用C．I．分散红74对PLA纤维染色，通过测定上染百分率、半染时间以确定染色助剂对其表观扩散系数的影响，并用Hill公式验证试验结果，依此研究PLA纤维的染色动力学。结果证明，在105℃染色时，加入的三种染色助剂不同程度地延长了半染时间，即降低了染料的上染速率。其中，加入非离子表面活性剂524、阴离子分散剂JS—N后，比染色速率常数变小，半染时间t1/2显著增大；加入匀染剂2011，则引起表观扩散系数增大，有利于分散染料快速上染。     

超临界CO_2介质染色的分散染料拼色性能

研究了分散染料三原色(C.I.分散橙30,C.I.分散蓝79和C.I.分散红167)在超临界CO2流体介质中对涤纶染色的拼色性能。结果表明,三只染料在超临界CO2染色中的上染速率与水浴染色基本一致,提升力与水浴染色相似,具有良好的配伍性。在超临界CO2的拼色染色中,该三原色染料对纤维的上染量略小于各染料单独染色时的上染量,染料之间会相互影响,在Kubelka-Munk单常数理论方程中引入纠正因数,可以减小理论K/S值和实测K/S值的偏差。     

分散染料结构与聚乳酸纤维染色性能的关系

通过对聚乳酸（PLA）纤维染色温度、染色色光、分散染料升温速率曲线、移染性和提升性的试验研究，讨论了分散染料结构特性与PLA纤维染色性能的关系。研究结果表明：分散染料结构与其染色温度几乎没有关系；偶氮苯染料的上染速度快于蒽醌染料，多数染料在80～105℃可完成吸附过程；分子尺寸小的染料的移染性能好；偶氮苯染料的提升性明显好于葸醌染料，无机性／有机性比值为0．8-1．1的染料提升性较好；与涤纶上的色光相比，偶氮苯染料在PLA纤维上呈明显的浅色效应。     

聚甲醛纤维的染色性能

采用分散蓝2BLN、分散大红3B和分散黄棕S-2RFL染料对聚甲醛(POM)纤维进行染色.考察了染色温度和染色时间对染料上染率和纤维透染性的影响.结果表明,三只分散染料对POM纤维的上染性能相似,其上染平衡温度分别为100℃、110℃和110℃.分散蓝2BLN的最大上染率较低,为80％左右;分散大红3B和分散黄棕S-2RFL的最高上染率均可达90％以上.POM纤维在110℃上染30 min后,无白芯,纤维被透染.     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.     

Preparatory Work of Print China 2015 is Going Smoothly

正Held at Guangdong Modern International Exhibition Center,Print China 2015 will cover 7exhibition halls,besides the original Hall No.3,4,5,6,7,the newly built F zone of Hall 3 will be used too.The total area will be140,000 square meters.Hall 3:Offset and large printing equipment,package printing equipment,post press