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1.
Isolation of tocopherol and sterol concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
The isolation of tocopherols and sterols together as a concentrate from sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was investigated.
The sunflower oil deodorizer distillate was composed of 24.9% unsaponifiable matter with 4.8% tocopherols and 9.7% sterols,
28.8% free fatty acid (FFA) and 46.3% neutral glycerides. The isolation technology included process steps such as biohydrolysis,
bioesterification and fractional distillation. The neutral glycerides of the deodorizer distillates were hydrolyzed byCandida cylindracea lipase. The total fatty acids (initial FFA plus FFA from neutral glycerides) were converted into butyl esters withMucor miehei lipase. The esterified product was then fractionally distilled in a Claisen-vigreux flask. The first fraction, which was
collected at 180–230°C at 1.00 mm of Hg for 45 min, contained mainly butyl esters, hydrocarbons, oxidized products and some
amount of free fatty acids. The fraction collected at 230–260°C at 1.00 mm Hg for 15 min was rich in tocopherols (about 30%)
and sterols (about 36%). The overall recovery of tocopherols and sterols after hydrolysis, esterification and distillation
were around 70% and 42%, respectively, of the original content in sunflower oil deodorizer distillate. 相似文献
2.
Jill Kristine Winkler-Moser Steven Francis Vaughn 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(11):1073-1082
A distillate was obtained by molecular distillation of oil extracted from distillers dried grains (DDG). The distillers dried
grain oil distillate (DDGD) contained phytosterols, steryl ferulates, tocopherols, tocotrienols, and carotenoids. DDGD was
tested for its impact on the oxidative stability index (OSI) at 110 °C of soybean, sunflower, and high-oleic sunflower oils,
as well as the same oils that were stripped of their natural tocopherols and phytosterols. In addition, the impact of added
DDGD on the stability of stripped sunflower oil during an accelerated storage study conducted at 60 °C was also determined.
DDGD (0.5–1% w/w) had little impact on the OSI of soybean, sunflower, and high-oleic sunflower oil, but at levels of 0.1–1%
it significantly increased the OSI for stripped soybean, sunflower, and high-oleic sunflower oil in a dose-dependent manner.
DDGD also delayed peroxide value, conjugated diene, and hexanal formation during accelerated storage of stripped sunflower
oil. The antioxidant activity is probably due to the combination of tocopherols, tocotrienols, and steryl ferulates. 相似文献
3.
Fatty Acid Composition,Oxidative Stability,and Radical Scavenging Activity of Vegetable Oil Blends with Coconut Oil 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
A. S. Bhatnagar P. K. Prasanth Kumar J. Hemavathy A. G. Gopala Krishna 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(10):991-999
Coconut (Cocos nucifera) contains 55–65% oil, having C12:0 as the major fatty acid. Coconut oil has >90% saturates and is deficient in monounsaturates
(6%), polyunsaturates (1%), and total tocopherols (29 mg/kg). However, coconut oil contains medium chain fatty acids (58%),
which are easily absorbed into the body. Therefore, blends of coconut oil (20–80% incorporation of coconut oil) with other
vegetable oils (i.e. palm, rice bran, sesame, mustard, sunflower, groundnut, safflower, and soybean) were prepared. Consequently,
seven blends prepared for coconut oil consumers contained improved amounts of monounsaturates (8–36%, p < 0.03), polyunsaturates (4–35%, p < 0.03), total tocopherols (111–582 mg/kg, p < 0.02), and 5–33% (p < 0.02) of DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radicals) scavenging activity. In addition, seven blends prepared for
non-coconut oil consumers contained 11–13% of medium chain fatty acids. Coconut oil + sunflower oil and coconut oil + rice
bran oil blends also exhibited 36.7–89.7% (p < 0.0005) and 66.4–80.5% (p < 0.0313) reductions in peroxide formation in comparison to the individual sunflower oil and rice bran oil, respectively.
It was concluded that blending coconut oil with other vegetable oils provides medium chain fatty acids and oxidative stability
to the blends, while coconut oil will be enriched with polyunsaturates, monounsaturates, natural antioxidants, and a greater
radical scavenging activity. 相似文献
4.
Nongnuch Sutivisedsak Bryan R. Moser Brajendra K. Sharma Roque L. Evangelista Huai N. Cheng William C. Lesch Robert R. Tangsrud Atanu Biswas 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(2):193-200
Four common beans (black, kidney, great northern, and pinto) were extracted with hexane and found to contain about 2% triacylglycerols.
The fatty acids in these bean oils were mainly linolenic (41.7–46 wt%), linoleic (24.1–33.4 wt%), palmitic (10.7–12.7 wt%)
and oleic (5.2–9.5 wt%). Because of the high levels of polyunsaturated fatty acids, the bean oils had iodine values between
174 and 177 g/100 g (compared to 130 g/100 g for soybean oil). Yet, the bean oils exhibited high oxidative stability due to
the presence of high amounts of tocopherols (2,670–2,970 ppm). The bean oils had lower pour points (−18 to −11 °C) compared
to −9 °C for soybean oil. Among the four bean oils, kidney bean oil had the highest acid value (15.4 mg KOH/g) and kinematic
viscosities over a wide range of temperatures. 相似文献
5.
B. J. F. Hudson 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1984,61(3):540-543
Evening primrose (Oenothera spp.) seed contains ca. 15% protein, 24% oil, and 43% cellulose plus lignin. The protein is unusually rich in sulphur-containing
amino acids and in tryptophan. The component fatty acids of the oil are 65–80% linoleic and 7–14% ofγ-linolenic, but noα-linolenic acid.
The 1.5–2% unsaponifiable matter has a composition very similar to that of cottonseed oil. The sterol fraction contains 90%β-sitosterol and the 4-methyl sterol fraction contains 48% citrostadienol;γ-tocopherol dominates its class, with someα- but no other tocopherols. 相似文献
6.
Simone M. Silva Klicia A. Sampaio Thiago Taham Silvana A. Rocco Roberta Ceriani Antonio J. A. Meirelles 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(7):611-616
Five samples of buriti oil from industrial and artisanal suppliers were characterized in terms of nutritional quality parameters
(nutraceutical levels) and acidity. As a first screening, each sample was analyzed by titration, spectrophotometry and an
HPLC method, and the results were compared. As expected, artisanal samples showed lower acidity and higher levels of carotenes
and tocols (tocopherols and tocotrienols). A blend of industrial and artisanal samples in suitable proportions was completely
characterized in terms of analytical and physico-chemical properties, i.e., fatty acid composition, iodine value, partial
and total acylglycerol contents, refractive index (40 °C), saponification value, unsaponifiable matter, acidity (expressed
as % of oleic acid), peroxide value, phosphorus content, oil stability index, tocol and carotene concentrations. The results
of the present study showed that buriti oil is a valuable source of monounsaturated fatty acids, and vitamins A and E. No
previous work in the literature has analyzed buriti oil to this extent. The chromatographic method using HPLC was effective
in qualifying and quantifying tocopherols, tocotrienols and carotenes. 相似文献
7.
James H. Benedict 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1960,37(9):415-418
A semimicro method for determining both total fatty acids and unsaponifiable matter in fats, fatty acids, and soap is presented.
The procedure involves saponification and recovery of the total fatty acids (which includes the unsaponifiables), removal
of the fatty acids with anion exchange resins, and determination of the unsaponifiable matter by weight.
The total fatty acid method was evaluated on seven samples and showed a standard deviation from the mean of 0.21%. The unsaponifiable
matter determination gives good reproducibility with a standard deviation from the mean of 0.06%. Since this ion exchange
is a direct determination of the nonionic components, the results obtained from it should be more accurate and more nearly
the true values than the macro extraction method which is empirical.
Presented at the annual spring meeting, American Oil Chemists’ Society, Dallas, Tex., April 4–6, 1960. 相似文献
8.
Oxidative stabilities of crude soybean oils obtained by different extraction solvents such as hexane, water and Folch's solvent
(mixture of two volumes of chloroform and one volume of methanol) were determined by gas chromatographic analyses of headspace
and peroxide value of oil samples. For the determination of oxidative stability of oil samples, total volatile compounds formation,
molecular oxygen disappearance in the headspace and peroxide value of oil samples were measured. Iodine value (133–136), saponification
value (195–198), unsaponifiable matters (0.3–0.4%), iron (0.6 ppm), sterols content (2,400–2,590 ppm), tocopherols content
(1,250–1,520 ppm) and fatty acid composition of crude oils obtained by different solvent extraction were not significantly
different. Acid value of Folch-extracted oil was the highest as 1.3, whereas those of hexane-and aqueous-extracted oils were
0.5 and 0.4, respectively. Crude soybean oil extracted by Folch's method was found to contain the most phosphorus, while hexane-
and aqueous-extracted oils contained similar amounts of phosphorous. Crude soybean oil obtained by Folch extraction was most
stable in oil oxidation, and oxidative stabilities of oils obtained by hexane and aqueous extraction, which were significantly
much less stable than Folch-extracted oil, were not significantly different during ten weeks storage. 相似文献
9.
Ozan Nazim Ciftci Roman Przybylski Magdalena Rudzinska Surya Acharya 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(10):1603-1610
The composition and content of lipids, fatty acids, triacylglycerols, tocopherols and sterols in nine fenugreek genotypes
were analyzed. Lipid content in fenugreek seeds ranged from 5.8 to 15.2%. Major fatty acids were: linoleic acid (45.1–47.5%),
α-linolenic (18.3–22.8%), oleic (12.4–17.0%), palmitic (9.8–11.2%) and stearic (3.8–4.2%) acids. The ratios of n-6 to n-3
fatty acids were between 2.1 and 2.7. Similar fatty acid distribution was observed in all analyzed samples with some deviations.
α-Tocopherol was the predominant component found in the fenugreek lipid antioxidants, and it constituted over 84% of the total
amounts of tocopherols. It amounts ranged from 620 to 910 mg/kg lipids. β-Sitosterol was the major sterol in all samples,
varying from 14,203 to 18,833 mg/kg of lipids. Campesterol and cycloartenol were other major sterols, and these compounds
including β-sitosterol constituted 56–72% of all sterols. Fenugreek seed lipids consisted predominantly triunsaturated (56.9–66.5%)
and diunsaturated (32.2–41.6%) triacylglycerides. Among these components trilinolein (LLL; 12.9–20.5%) dominated followed
by PLL (14.0–20.4%), LnLnO (7.8–17.7%), PLO (5.7–11.6%), OLL (6.9–10.6%), LLLn (3.2–9.6%), and LnLnL (3.5–7.6%). Results of
the study show that fenugreek seed lipids may be a source of a nutraceutical ingredient for food applications. 相似文献
10.
Junwei Qian Siping Jiang Wentao Su Ping Gao 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(12):1175-1179
The bran of hulless barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) from Tibet was investigated. This paper reports on the physicochemical characteristics, lipid classes and fatty acids of
the oil from the bran. The petroleum (60–90 °C) extract of hulless barley bran was found to be 8.1%. The investigated physiochemical
parameters included density at 40 °C (0.96 g/cm3), refractive index at 40 °C (1.41), melting point (30.12 °C), acid value (11.6 mg KOH/g), peroxide value (19.41 μg/g), saponification
value (337.62 mg KOH/g), iodine value (113.51 mg iodine/g) and unsaponifiable matter (4.5% of total lipids).The amount of
neutral lipids in the crude oil was the highest (94.55% of total lipids), followed by glycolipids (4.20% of the total lipid)
and phospholipids (1.25% of the total lipid). Linoleic acid (75.08% of total fatty acids) followed by palmitic acid (20.58%
of total fatty acids), were the two major fatty acids in the oil. The results show that the oil from the hulless barley bran
could be a good source of valuable essential fatty acids. 相似文献
11.
Farooq Anwar Rehana Naseer M. I. Bhanger Samia Ashraf Farah Naz Talpur Felix Adekunle Aladedunye 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(4):321-330
The physico-chemical characteristics of the seeds and seed oils of four citrus species, Mitha (Citrus limetta), Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi), Mussami (Citrus sinensis), and Kinnow (Citrus reticulata) were investigated. The hexane-extracted oil content of citrus seeds ranged from 27.0 to 36.5%. The protein, fiber and ash
contents were found to be 3.9–9.6%, 5.0–8.5%, and 4.6–5.6%, respectively. The extracted oils exhibited an iodine value of
99.9–110.0; refractive index (40 °C), 1.4639–1.4670; density (24 °C), 0.920–0.941 mg/mL; saponification value, 180.9–198.9;
unsaponifiable matter, 0.3–0.5%; acid value (mg KOH/g of oil), 0.5–2.2 and color (1-in. cell) 1.4–3.0R + 15.0–30.0Y. The oils
revealed a good oxidative stability as indicated by the determinations of specific extinctions at 232 and 270 nm (2.3–4.4
and 0.6–0.9, respectively), p-anisidine value (2.2–3.2) and peroxide value (1.6–2.4 mequiv/kg of oil). The citrus seed oils mainly consisted of linoleic
acid (36.1–39.8%). Other prominent fatty acids were palmitic acid (25.8–32.2%), oleic acid (21.9–24.1%), linolenic acid (3.4–4.4%),
and stearic acid (2.8–4.4%). The contents of tocopherols (α, γ, and δ) in the oil were 26.4–557.8, 27.7–84.1, and 9.1–20.0 mg/kg,
respectively. The results of the present study demonstrated that the seeds of citrus species investigated are a potential
source of valuable oil which might be utilized for edible and other industrial applications. 相似文献
12.
Vanessa Ribeiro Pestana Rui Carlos Zambiazi Carla R. B. Mendonça Mariangela H. Bruscatto María Jesús Lerma-García Guillermo Ramis-Ramos 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2008,85(11):1013-1019
The quality changes and the concentrations of tocopherols and γ-oryzanol, during successive steps of rice bran oil refining
(RBO), were studied. For this purpose, samples of crude, degummed, neutralized, bleached, dewaxed and deodorized RBO were
taken from an industrial plant and analyzed. The moisture, pH, acidity, peroxide value and unsaponifiable matter, were determined.
The fatty acid composition was evaluated by GC, and the concentrations of tocopherols and γ-oryzanol were determined using
HPLC with fluorescence and UV–Vis detection, respectively. To identify γ-oryzanol components, fractions of the HPLC eluant
were collected and analyzed using mass spectrometry. Oil refining reduced the peroxide value and acidity to 1 and 3% of the
values obtained in crude RBO, respectively. The fatty acid composition were not significantly altered during refining. The
concentrations of the tocopherols in RBO followed the order α > (β + γ) > δ. The total concentration of tocopherols was 26 mg/100 g,
and remained practically unaltered during refining. Up to nine components were distinguished in γ-oryzanol. After collecting
the elution fractions, up to six components were identified by electrospray mass spectrometry. Refining reduced the total
concentration of γ-oryzanol to 2% of its initial value. 相似文献
13.
《分离科学与技术》2012,47(16):2437-2446
Most of the methods reported for isolating phytosterols and tocopherols from soybean oil deodorization distillate (SODD) involved complicated steps or failed to obtain high content and recovery. In this study, we succeeded in isolating α-, δ-, γ-tocopherols, and free phytosterols (campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol) from SODD with high content and recovery. Our protocol involved a simple two-step method. SODD was separated into non-polar and polar fraction by modified soxhlet extraction. Cold saponification was chosen instead of conventional saponification which is carried out at a temperature no lower than 60°C. This study of cold saponification was applied to the polar fraction to remove free fatty acids and acylglycerols. SODD contains 9.13 ± 0.28% tocopherols and 9.75 ± 0.12% free phytosterols, was converted to a final product which contains 38.08 ± 0.36% tocopherols and 55.51 ± 0.56% free phytosterols. The total recovery of tocopherols and free phytosterols is 94 ± 0.19%. 相似文献
14.
Keito Boki Hidehito Mori Naohito Kawasaki 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》1994,71(6):595-601
Efficiencies of synthetic adsorbents and attapulgites in bleaching alkali-refined rapeseed and soybean oils ranged from 13–53%
and 93–97%, respectively. The Freundlich equation was more applicable than the Langmuir equation to the experimental adsorption
isotherms of β-carotene on attapulgites. Bleaching with attapulgites reduced tocopherols by 12.5–29.5% in rapeseed oil and
by 18.9–44.8% in soybean oil. Cosmetic-grade attapulgite was superior to the others in bleaching efficiency, equilibrium amount
adsorbed and removal of free fatty acids. 相似文献
15.
Two samples of virgin olive oil and one sample of hexane-extracted husk oil coming from Iran were examined. The analyses included
physical and chemical characteristics, the composition of total fatty acids and fatty acids at the glyceride 2-position by
gas liquid chromatography (GLC) of methyl esters, the triglycerides composition calculation according to Vander Wal theory,
the separation of the alcoholic fractions (sterols, 4-methylsterols, triterpene alcohols, triterpene dialcohols and aliphatic
alcohols) of the unsaponifiable matter by thin layer chromatography (TLC), the quantitation and the composition of these fractions
by GLC of TMS derivatives. The results were in line with data from literature for olive oils of different origin, with the
exception of: a high content of unsaponifiable matter (1.75 and 1.95% for virgin oils, 5.33% for husk oil); a high amount
of sterols for husk oil (562 mg/100 g oil); a low content of SE 30 apparent β-sitosterol for husk oil (91.1%); a low amount
of triterpene dialcohols (1 mg/100 g oil) and triterpene alcohols (78 and 91 mg/100 g oil) for virgin oils; a content of cycloartenol
(60.2–66.9%) higher than the 24-methylenecycloartanol one (22.8–26.6%; a content of C24 linear saturated alcohol (33.9–38.0%) slightly higher than the C26 alcohol one (29.3–32.8%). 相似文献
16.
Bastihalli Tukaram Diwakar Pinto Kumar Dutta Belur Ramaswamy Lokesh Kamatham Akhilender Naidu 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2010,87(5):539-548
Garden cress (Lepidium sativum L.) is an edible, underutilised herb, grown mainly for its seeds in India. Physicochemical properties, minor components (unsaponifiable
matter, tocopherols, carotenoids), fatty acid composition and storage stability of garden cress seed oil (GCO) were studied.
Cold press, solvent and supercritical CO2 extraction methods were employed to extract the oil. The total oil content of garden cress (GC) seeds was 21.54, 18.15 and
12.60% respectively by solvent, supercritical CO2 and cold press methods. The physical properties of GCO extracted by the above methods were similar in terms of refractive
index, specific gravity and viscosity. However, cold pressed oil showed low PV and FFA compared to the oil extracted by other
methods. α-Linolenic acid (34%) was the major fatty acid in GCO followed by oleic (22%), linoleic (11.8%), eicosanoic (12%),
palmitic (10.1%) erucic (4.4%), arachidic (3.4%) and stearic acids (2.9%). Oleic acid (39.9%) and α-linolenic acid (42.1%)
were the predominant fatty acids at the sn-2 position. The total tocopherol and carotenoid content of GCO was 327.42 and 1.0 μmol/100 g oil, respectively. The oil was
stable up to 4 months at 4 °C. Tocopherol and BHT offered the least protection, while ascorbyl palmitate (200 ppm) offered
the maximum protection to the oil, when subjected to the accelerated oxidative stability test. Thus GCO can be considered
as a fairly stable oil with a high content of α-linolenic acid. 相似文献
17.
There is little information available about phytosterols in canola (Brassica napa L.) oil and the effects of genotype and growing locations from Virginia and the mid-Atlantic region of the United States,
a potential area for the establishment of domestic production to provide edible oil. Our objectives were to characterize the
phytosterols, phospholipids, unsaponifiable matter, and FA in oil from Virginia-grown canola. Among 11 canola genotypes grown
at two locations during 1995–1996 significant variations existed for oil content and FA profiles, but not for contents of
phospholipids, unsaponifiable matter, total phytosterols, campesterol, stigmasterol, and β-sitosterol, Total phytosterol content
in the oil of Virginia-grown canola varied from 0.7 to 0.9% with a mean of 0.8%. This concentration compared favorably with
oil from Canadian canola, which typically contains 0.5 to 1.1% total phytosterols. The mean contents of brassicasterol, campesterol,
stigmasterol, β-sitosterol, Δ5-avenasterol, and Δ7-stigmatenol as percentages of total phytosterols in Virginia-grown canola were: 9.7, 32.0, 0.6, 49.3, 4.99, and 3.5%, respectively.
Growing location did not affect phytosterols in Virginia-grown canola oil but had significant effects on contents of phospholipids,
and saturated (myristic, stearic, and arachidic) and unsaturated (palmitoleic, linoleic, linolenic, eicosenoic, and erucic)
FA. 相似文献
18.
Y. C. Mitei J. C. Ngila S. O. Yeboah L. Wessjohann J. Schmidt 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2009,86(7):617-625
The phytosterol, tocopherol, and tocotrienol profiles for mkukubuyo, Sterculia africana, manketti, Ricinodendron rautanenni, mokolwane, Hyphaene petersiana, morama, Tylosema esculentum, and moretologa-kgomo, Ximenia caffra, seed oils from Botswana have been determined. Normal-phase HPLC analysis of the unsaponifiable matter showed that among the
selected oils, the most abundant tocopherol and tocotrienol were γ-tocopherol (2232.99 μg/g) and γ-tocotrienol (246.19 μg/g),
detected in manketti and mkukubuyo, respectively. Mokolwane oil, however, contained the largest total tocotrienol (258.47 μg/g).
Total tocol contents found in manketti, mokolwane, mkukubuyo, morama, and moretologa-kgomo oils were 2238.60, 262.40, 246.20,
199.10, and 128.0 μg/g, respectively. GC–MS determination of the relative percentage composition of phytosterols showed 4-desmethylsterols
as the most abundant phytosterols in the oils, by occurring up to 90% in moretologa-kgomo, mkukubuyo, and manketti seed oils,
with β-sitosterol being the most abundant. Mokolwane seed oil contained the largest percentage composition of 4,4-dimethylsterols
(45.93%). Besides 4-desmethylsterols (75%), morama oil also contained significant amounts of 4,4-dimethylsterols and 4-monomethylsterols
(15.72% total). GC–MS determination of the absolute amounts of 4-desmethylsterols, after SPE fractionation of the unsaponifiable
matter, confirmed that β-sitosterol was the most abundant phytosterol in the test seed oils, with manketti seed oil being
the richest source (1326.74 μg/g). The analysis showed total 4-desmethylsterols content as 1617.41, 1291.88, 861.47, 149.15,
and 109.11 μg/g for manketti, mokolwane, mkukubuyo, morama, and moretologa-kgomo seed oils, respectively. 相似文献
19.
Ali Abas Wani D. S. Sogi Preeti Singh Alexander Götz 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2013,90(9):1423-1430
Compositional analyses of seeds from two cultivars (Mateera and Sugar baby) was performed to evaluate their suitability as oilseeds. Watermelon seeds and kernels contained 21.9–25.5 % and 38.9–46.9 % oil of exceptionally high quality. The crude oil was expelled with a screw press and then refined to obtain a odor free and colorless oil. The moisture content, unsaponifiable matter content, refractive index, and specific gravity were within the narrow ranges. Refining influenced the color, acid value, saponification value, peroxide value, and free fatty acid contents. Linoleic acid (C18:2) was the principal fatty acid constituting 64.5–67.2 % of the total fatty acids. Oxidative stability increased with the addition of tocopherols, butylated hydroxyl anisole (BHA), and tert-butyl hydroxyl quinine (TBHQ). The high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) along with physicochemical properties were similar to soybeans, sunflower and other common vegetable oils, suggesting the suitabilty of watermelon seed oil for industrial production. 相似文献
20.
Wahid Herchi Faouzi Sakouhi Sadok Boukhchina Habib Kallel Claude Pepe 《Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society》2011,88(7):1011-1017
A comparative study was performed to determine tocopherols, tocotrienols, fatty acids, and pigments content during the development
of three varieties of flaxseed (H52, O116 and P129). Seed samples were collected at regular intervals from 7 to 56 days after
flowering (DAF). The highest content of chlorophyll (89.72–130.5 mg/kg oil) was detected at 7 DAF. The maximum level of carotenoids
(52.10–65.55 mg/kg oil) was reached at 21 DAF. During seed development, unsaturated fatty acids are the major component, reaching
85% of the total fatty acids while saturated fatty acids content were about 15%. The maximum level of γ-tocopherol (585 mg/kg
oil) was reached at 42 DAF in P129 variety. These results may be useful for evaluating the flaxseed quality and determining
its optimal harvest period. 相似文献