浑浊型番茄饮料稳定性研究

本研究主要对番茄饮料在加工贮藏过程中易出现分层、色泽变淡等稳定性降低的现象进行研究。结果表明:单一稳定剂的稳定效果是:琼脂>黄原胶>CMC-Na。单一稳定剂的口感效果是:琼脂>CMC-Na>黄原胶。正交试验结果表明:使用质量比为0.05%的黄原胶、0.1%的琼脂的复配增稠剂饮料的稳定性最好。番茄红素对热有较好的稳定性,在100℃以下加热损失率不大;对光不稳定,在强烈的日光直射下,1h后残存率就降到36.7%;茶多酚对番茄红素保护效果浓度在0.06%时的效果最好,VC浓度为0.08%时保护效果最佳。由正交试验得到的最佳工艺参数为:番茄原汁、白砂糖、复合增稠剂、柠檬酸、VC和茶多酚的含量分别30%、8%、0.15%、0.20%、0.013%和0.02%。     

Turbidity and Protein Aggregation in Whey Protein Beverages

ABSTRACT:  During storage of heat-treated acidic (pH ≤ 4.6) whey protein beverages, formation of protein aggregates can create undesirable turbidity and sedimentation. In this study, we found that a slow protein aggregation process controlled the rate of formation of sediment and turbidity. A heat-treated model beverage containing 12.5 g/L whey protein at a pH of 4 was stored for 6 wk at 3 different storage temperatures and analyzed for turbidity, soluble protein, and protein aggregates. One sample was stored without further treatment and the other sample was filtered to remove protein aggregates formed during heating. This was done to test the hypothesis that aggregates formed during heat treatment served as nuclei for deposition of soluble protein. Turbidity increased and soluble protein decreased as protein aggregates formed during storage. Increasing the storage temperature accelerated this process. The loss of soluble protein during storage was fit to first- and second-order kinetic equations, allowing the prediction of the effect of protein concentration, storage time, and storage temperature on the formation of protein aggregates.     

Turbidity of Beverages with Citrus Oil Clouding Agent

Basic principles of light scattering were used to predict turbidity in cloudy beverages for monodisperse and polydisperse systems of suspended citrus oil globules. Predicted values for specific turbidity agreed well with experimental values for diluted citrus oil-in-water beverage cloud emulsions. Citrus oil-in-water cloud emulsions were prepared with a pressure homogenizer at different pressures (4.1–27.56 kPa). Size distributions obtained for the emulsions fit the long-normal distribution and the distribution curves became more narrow as pressure of homogenization increased.     

酒用活性炭用于浓香型低度白酒除浊

酒用活性炭用于低度浓香型白酒除浊 ,可有效除去混浊成分 ,对酒质影响不大。处理后的基酒降度至39% ,冷冻至 -15℃ ,酒体仍保持清亮透明。同时 ,酒用炭对新酒有老熟陈化作用。(一平)     

浑浊苹果汁加工中影响果汁浊度因素的研究

用从苹果中提取的蛋白和果胶，加入绿原酸和儿茶素，组成模拟体系；往低果胶含量的苹果浑浊汁中加入自制的果胶组成半模拟体系。二者和真实体系的对比研究表明：在果汁加工中，浑浊苹果汁中颗粒的形成和长大的因素有：酶促褐变会产生不溶性色素；活性蛋白质-多酚复合物的形成。果胶对三种体系中蛋白质-多酚复合物的形成和长大有显著的抑制作用。     

酶制剂对改善茶饮料浊度的研究

在茶饮料生产中使用酶制剂以改善茶饮料浊度。结果表明 ,酶制剂能有效改善茶饮料浊度 ,除去混浊质 ,提高茶饮料的稳定性。     

枇杷乳酸发酵果汁饮料浊度模型的构建

为研制高品质枇杷乳酸发酵果汁饮料及其规模化生产提供理论依据。采用离心法制备不同浊度的枇杷乳酸发酵原汁,以饮料的表观粘度和稳定系数为指标,建立了发酵原汁浊度与复合稳定剂最小使用量之间关系的数学模型。果汁饮料适宜最小使用量(y)与发酵原汁浊度(x)的关系符合二次曲线方程:y=1.192x2-1.859x+1.108﹙R2=0.999 6,P<0.05)。利用此模型生产的产品在4℃冷藏7d及在常温放置180d后,依然保持良好的稳定状态,口感清爽淡雅。     

芥子酸对含壳聚糖的模型饮料中花色苷的保护作用

花色苷可作为饮料等食品体系中的天然着色剂,但其易受到食品中抗坏血酸的影响而降解,在饮料中加入壳聚糖可起到增稠的作用,但会对花色苷稳定性造成影响。探讨了不同质量浓度的壳聚糖对模型饮料体系中花色苷稳定性的影响,分析了芥子酸的添加对壳聚糖存在时花色苷稳定性的改善作用。利用加速储藏实验和降解动力学方法对不同体系中黑米花色苷稳定性进行分析,并借助分子动力学模拟分析芥子酸改善壳聚糖体系中黑米花色苷稳定性的作用机制。结果表明,在7 d加速储藏实验中,单一的壳聚糖会导致花色苷颜色稳定性降低。芥子酸能显著提高含壳聚糖的模型饮料中黑米花色苷的颜色稳定性和含量保留率。降解动力学分析显示,在壳聚糖质量浓度为5 mg/mL时,加入芥子酸能使壳聚糖实验组花色苷半衰期t_1/2提高2.3倍,并使其降解速率常数K减小0.152 3 d^-1。分子动力学模拟结果显示,游离芥子酸的存在,能促进更多的花色苷分子靠近壳聚糖-芥子酸复合物,并形成更稳定的结合。在含壳聚糖的模型饮料中加入芥子酸可实现对花色苷的保护作用,希望为酚酸的应用和含功能性壳聚糖的模型饮料的研究优化提供一定的理论依据。     

苹果浊汁云状颗粒体系稳定机制研究进展

苹果浊汁营养丰富且具有多种生理活性,而稳定性不佳一直是制约苹果浊汁产业发展的主要因素之一。本文综述了苹果浊汁云状颗粒体系的构成,云状颗粒物的聚集和失稳过程,以及影响云状颗粒体系稳定的主要因素,并对云状颗粒体系稳定机制的研究方向进行了展望。本研究可为维持苹果浊汁云状稳定性,提高其贮藏品质,推动苹果浊汁产业快速发展提供一定的思路和借鉴。     

混浊苹果汁生产工艺改进的研究

考察了苹果破碎时果浆所达到的最高温度对果汁的颜色、Vc、酚类物质、色泽和混浊稳定性等的影响,确定破碎温度为95℃。热处理增加了果胶的聚合度,促进果胶从果浆中释放,从而增加了果汁的黏度。热处理还可减小果汁中悬浮颗粒的尺寸。用新工艺生产出的产品有较高的浊度和较好的颜色。     

变革中的饮料香精口味

可口可乐 尽管是许多负面报道的对象，但可乐仍然是当今最流行的碳酸饮料类型，拥有前几年无法比拟的市场地位。最近，可乐的竞争聚焦在不同口味的香精上。这反映在对香草可乐和柠檬可乐投入高额的生产资本上。     

Identifying Key Attributes for Protein Beverages

This study identified key attributes of protein beverages and evaluated effects of priming on liking of protein beverages. An adaptive choice‐based conjoint study was conducted along with Kano analysis to gain insight on protein beverage consumers (n = 432). Attributes evaluated included label claim, protein type, amount of protein, carbohydrates, sweeteners, and metabolic benefits. Utility scores for levels and importance scores for attributes were determined. Subsequently, two pairs of clear acidic whey protein beverages were manufactured that differed by age of protein source or the amount of whey protein per serving. Beverages were evaluated by 151 consumers on two occasions with or without priming statements. One priming statement declared “great flavor,” the other priming statement declared 20 g protein per serving. A two way analysis of variance was applied to discern the role of each priming statement. The most important attribute for protein beverages was sweetener type, followed by amount of protein, followed by type of protein followed by label claim. Beverages with whey protein, naturally sweetened, reduced sugar and ≥15 g protein per serving were most desired. Three consumer clusters were identified, differentiated by their preferences for protein type, sweetener and amount of protein. Priming statements positively impacted concept liking (P < 0.05) but had no effect on overall liking (P > 0.05). Consistent with trained panel profiles of increased cardboard flavor with higher protein content, consumers liked beverages with 10 g protein more than beverages with 20 g protein (6.8 compared with 5.7, P < 0.05). Protein beverages must have desirable flavor for wide consumer appeal.     

酶法制取胡萝卜混汁的工艺

用酶法制取胡萝卜混汁 ,确定了最佳去皮工艺 (在 95℃下 4g/dLNaOH溶液中热处理1min)、热烫工艺 (在 95℃下 0 .6g/dL柠檬酸溶液中热烫 6min)、酶解工艺 (0 .0 0 3 5 g/dL果胶酶 ,0 .1 6g/dL纤维素酶 ) ,制得了具有一定营养价值、色泽鲜艳、混浊稳定性好、无不良胡萝卜本味的胡萝卜混汁     

霉变小麦品质评价数学模型的建立

选用5种小麦为原料,研究霉变小麦霉菌和酵母菌总数变化与品质变化及其相关性,随着霉变程度的加深,小麦籽粒霉菌和酵母菌总数与容重、千粒重、发芽率、面筋指数、面团吸水率呈极显著性负相关,相关系数分别为:-0.713、-0.928、-0.766、-0.847、-0.628;与降落数值、湿面筋含量、干面筋含量、面团形成时间、稳定时间呈显著性负相关,相关系数分别为:-0.565、-0.489、-0.564、-0.534、-0.517;与面团最大拉伸比呈显著性正相关,相关系数为0.565.并建立数学模型进行验证回归分析,得出霉菌和酵母菌总数与各品质指标的回归方程为Y=-8 323.899X千粒重+123.628X容重-11 633.727X拉伸比+16 799.679X形成时间+2 973.845X面筋指数+415.119X发芽率-1 778.245 X湿面筋含量+17 598.095,验证结果表明建立的数学评价模型具有一定的统计意义和实际意义.     

诺维公司新型无热量饮料甜味剂

褒拉尼斯公司旗下的诺维公司（Nutrinova）是全球知名的甜味剂和防腐剂制造商,为帮助食品饮料生产商研发出更好口感的低热最和无热量产品,研发了新的SunsationSM平台。该平台的首个产品是SunsationSunettSL,这是一种专门用于低糖或无糖饮料产品的甜味剂系统。     

青稞清酒混浊的防止措施

介绍青稞清酒在生产及销售过程中产生混浊的主要原因以及防止措施。