0．1C—1．5Si—1．5Mn—0．4Cr热轧双相钢的相变和组织

0．1C－1．5Si－1．5Mn－0．4Cr钢获得了0．06C－1．3Si－0．9Mm－0．4Cr－0．35Mo型热轧双相钢（F＋M）的相变动力学,即在CCT曲线上出现了温度间隔为100℃的奥氏体亚稳区。随冷速的降低,Si－Mn－Cr钢的组织中多边形铁素体量增多,贝氏体量减少,当冷速减小到0．5℃／s时,组织中出现针状马氏体。     

Timetal 5111和Timetal 5111 0.05Pd钛合金

Timetal5111合金是80年代末期由Timet与美国海军共同开发研制的近a型钛合金。合金成分为：Ti－5Al－1Zr－1Sn－1V－0．8Mo－0．1Si。合金的突出特点是良好的断裂韧性及抗应力腐蚀性能,应力腐蚀危险比,该性能指标优于船用钛合金48－OT3（Ti－4AI－0．005B）,相当于Ti－6211（Ti－6Al－2Nb－1Ta－0．8Mo）;冲击韧性大约为Ti－6Al－4V的3倍;易焊接,可进行大型材的焊接。该合金强度略低于Ti－6Al－4V,延性略高于Ti－6Al－4V,σb＝750MPa～800MPa,s≥13％,但通过调整氧含量可使强度达到Ti－6Al－4V的水平。目前可生产重…     

加热工艺对Nb-Ti微合金钢奥氏体晶粒长大的影响

 为了解加热制度对Nb Ti微合金钢的奥氏体晶粒长大和析出行为的影响,采用OM、TEM和EDS分析技术,研究了Nb Ti微合金钢在不同加热温度和保温时间的奥氏体晶粒长大行为,以及微合金元素碳氮化物析出行为。结果表明,随加热温度升高,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大,当加热温度超过1 200 ℃时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。随保温时间延长,奥氏体晶粒尺寸逐渐长大,当保温时间超过2.0 h时奥氏体晶粒尺寸快速长大。EDS分析显示Nb Ti钢中的析出物为(Nb,Ti)(C,N)复合相,随着加热温度升高和保温时间延长,析出相体积分数减少,尺寸增大,从而减弱对奥氏体晶粒的细化作用;Nb Ti微合金试验钢合适的加热温度范围为1 150～1 200 ℃,保温时间低于2.0 h。     

Ti—2Cu合金简述

1化学成分与组织Ti－2Cu合金的化学成分见表1．表1Ti－2Cu合金的化学成分．％Ti－2Cu合金是一种合金元素含量低的二元合金．与纯钛相比其主要优点是高温强度稍有提高．然而这一优点只有在钓260℃下才能体现．在此温度下暴露时间过长就会产生过时效（α相中的化合物Ti2Cu发生聚集）．在790℃时,铜在α钛中可以溶解到2％左右．Ti－2Cu系合金是共晶型合金,在790℃发生β相共折分解,形成α＋金属间化合物Ti2Cu．在790℃以下铜的溶解度降低,当接近室温时,降到0．5％左右．因此,Ti－2Cu合金通常在退火后的α＋化合物的组织状态使用．…     

1000MPa级Ti微合金化超细晶冷轧双相钢及其制备工艺

专利号：CN201010034472．0专利权人：北京科技大学本发明是一种1000MPa级Ti微合金化超细晶冷轧双相钢及其制备工艺,属于冷轧超高强汽车用钢技术领域。钢的化学成分质量分数为：C：0．03％～0．20％,Si：0．20％～0．80％,Mn：1．2％～2．0％,Ti：0．0300～0．15％,S％O．015％,P％0．020％,Als：0．02％～0．15％,余量为Fe。本发明以C-Si—Mn—Ti为基本合金系,采用价格低廉的Ti而不添加Cr、Mo、Nb、V等合金元素,降低了生产成本,     

Cu-Ni-Zn-Mn弹性合金的疲劳与断口分析

研究了微量元素对 Ｃｕ － １５ Ｎｉ － １３ Ｍｎ － ２８ Ｚｎ 弹性合金疲劳性能的影响。结果表明： 添加微量元素①０ ．１ Ｔｉ＋ ０ ．１ Ｚｒ ＋ ０ ．１８７ Ａｌ ＋ ０ ．０１３ Ｃｅ ＋ ０ ．２４ Ｆｅ ＋ ０ ．１ Ｂ; ②０ ．０４ Ｃｅ ＋ ０ ．００３ Ｂ;③０ ．５ Ｔｉ;④０ ．５ Ｚｒ（ ｗ／ ％ ） 可提高合金的低周疲劳寿命。以②形式添加,效果较显著。断口分析表明,合金低周疲劳断口的主要特征是平行的条纹及韧窝。     

铸造及热静等压的Ti-62222S合金

Ti－62222S（Ti－6Al－2Sn－2Zr－2Mo－2Cr—Si）合金为α＋β型合金,是RMI70年代作为可深度硬化、中等温度应用的可锻钛合金研制的．该合会具有良好的强度、塑性和韧性、高的损伤客服,适于结构件应用．但其铸造性能有待于作进一步评价．1铸造性能评定表1给出了熔炼和铸造过程中化学成分的变化．可以看出,铸造前后,化学成分变化不大,说明该合金成分易于控制．铸造时,蜡模部件由两组厚0．76Inln～3．05＿的板组成．对于了一6周一4V合金,板厚为1．50Inln时,合金熔液可充满模胜;但对于Ti—622225合金,板厚要达到2．50mm时才能…     

600～1200℃高Nb、Ti微合金钢高温热塑性研究

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜以及显微硬度仪对高Nb、Ti微合金钢的高温热塑性拉伸试样进行检测。结果显示,高Nb、Ti微合金钢在600～1 200℃的断面收缩率呈"V"形;在800℃时断面收缩率最小,在1 200℃断面收缩率达到最大值。其第Ⅲ脆性区间为680～910℃,脆化的主要原因是大尺寸碳氮化物和先共析铁素体在晶界析出,弱化了晶界结合力,为裂纹的产生和扩展提供了条件。而试样中普遍存在的微米级TiN颗粒,是造成高Nb、Ti微合金钢断面收缩率整体偏低的主要原因。提高应变速率,缩短先共析铁素体析出和TiN颗粒长大的时间,减弱拉伸过程中的应力集中,可改善试样在第Ⅲ脆性区间的高温热塑性。     

RH精炼过程中含钛超低碳钢的氧化物夹杂组成和形态变化

在含钛超低碳水中,脱氧前的夹杂物主要组成为Fe—Mn—O,添加Al3min后,夹杂物改变成粒状和球形Al2O3。添加A17—10min后,形成簇状Al2O3,其由粒状和直径为1—2μm的球形颗粒组成。添加钛铁合金3min后,形成Al2O3·TiOx夹杂物,其中Ti／（A1＋Ti）介于0．15和0．30之间,由于在富[Ti]和低[A1]区域,形成的簇状Al2O3·TiOx存在于钛铁粒子和簇状A1203周围。当酸溶铝超过0．035％,而钛低于0．08％时,很难形成Ti305,在复杂液相夹杂物中的Ti3O5活度明显随酸溶铝的减少而增加,并随钛含量的增加而增加。     

铸造Fe—Cr—Ni—Al双相耐热合金的研制

采用普通铸造方法研制了双相（铁素体＋奥氏体）25Cr－10Ni－3Al铁基耐热合金。试验合金在1050～1300℃高温区，短时抗拉强度随温度升高呈线性下降，韧、塑性于1150℃达到峰值，1250℃试验合金氧化增重速率稳定在0．2g／m2·h左右。     

固溶和时效处理时间对IN706合金组织与性能的影响

研究了增加标准的980℃1h固溶-825℃ 2.5 h稳定化-720℃8 h+620℃8 h时效的处理时间对IN706合金(/%:0.03C,41Ni,16Cr,1.6Ti,2.9Nb)组织和性能的影响。结果表明,固溶处理时间(1～3 h)的增加,主要影响合金的晶粒尺寸,从而影响合金的性能;随稳定化处理时间(2.5～5 h)的增加,η相析出增多,导致强化相形成元素减少,合金性能亦有所下降,并对合金塑性和韧性产生不良影响;增加一级(8～18 h)和二级(8～36 h)时效处理的时间,会促进γ"和γ’相的析出,并且其形态也会发生变化,进而对合金的性能产生影响,但固溶1～3 h,稳定化2.5～5 h,以及一级时效8～18 h,二级时效8～36 h时合金的力学性能指标均满足标准要求。     

Microstructure Evolution and Microhardness of Ultrafine-grained High Carbon Steel during Multiple Laser Shock Processing

Surface microstructure and microhardness of(ferrite+cementite)microduplex structure of the ultrafinegrained high carbon steel after laser shock processing(LSP)with different impact times were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy(SEM),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and microhardness measurements.Equiaxed ferrite grains were refined from 400 to 150nm,and the cementite lamellae were fully spheroidized,with a decrease of the particle diameter from 150 to 100nm as the impact times increased.The cementite dissolution was enhanced significantly.Correspondingly,the lattice parameter ofα-Fe and microhardness increased with the impact times.     

循环相变对00Cr13Ni7Co5Mo4Ti马氏体时效不锈钢 晶粒细化和力学性能的影响

研究了00Cr13Ni7Co5Mo4Ti马氏体时效不锈钢(/%:0.009C、13.28Cr、7.37Ni、5.36Co、3.59Mo、0.66Ti)经4次860℃15 min水冷循环处理的细化晶粒工艺对力学性能的影响。以1 100℃1 h固溶处理的组织为原始组织,经3～4次循环相变处理后,马氏体时效不锈钢的晶粒尺寸由180μm细化至10μm的细小等轴晶粒。与传统1 100℃1 h固溶+450℃9 h时效工艺相比,经1 100℃1 h固溶+860℃15 min水冷α′↔γ循环相变+450℃9 h时效的钢的屈服强度σ_0.2由1 420 MPa提高至1 560 MPa,伸长率δ由12.6%提高至14.9%。     

Structure and properties of a microduplex maraging steel

A simple two-step thermal processing technique was devised to impart a microduplex structure in a high strength 250 grade commercial maraging steel. A martensite grain size of approximately 1μm was obtained with interspersed islands of retained austenite whose volume fraction and mechanical stability could be controlled by varying the thermal processing conditions. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the microduplex structure were compared to those of the alloy in the maraged, martensitic condition. Due to the presence of the austenite phase, the microduplex structure showed a much smaller temperature and strain rate dependence of deformation than the martensitic structure. A remarkable increase in uniform elongation was observed below theM _d temperature of retained austenite. The microduplex structure did not show any significant advantage in fracture toughness over the martensitic structure when compared at similar strength levels. By suitably adjusting austenitic stability a deformation-induced phase transformation (TRIP) of the retained austenite in the microduplex structure could be made to occur; however, the transformation did not lead to any evident increase in toughness. The microduplex structure exhibited a slight improvement in fracture toughness at high strain rate in contrast to the martensitic structure in which the rate effect significantly reduced the toughness.     

钛含量对Inconel 690镍基合金力学性能的影响

研究了Ti含量(0.35%～1.10%)对Inconel 690镍基合金(%:0.034～0.036C、29.40～29.68Cr、9.11～9.22Fe、0.34～0.36A1、0.004 4～0.004 5N)950～1 100℃水冷+715℃15～100 h空冷后的室温和350℃的组织和力学性能。结果表明,含1.10%Ti合金的强度(Rm和Rp0.2)较含0.35%～0.70%Ti合金的强度高200～400 MPa,强度提高的主要原因为715℃时效后1.10%Ti合金析出3.70%～3.99%γ′强化相,而0.35%～0.70%Ti合金715℃时效后γ′强化相析出量仅为0～0.53%。     

Structure and properties of a microduplex maraging steel

A simple two-step thermal processing technique was devised to impart a microduplex structure in a high strength 250 grade commercial maraging steel. A martensite grain size of approximately 1 μm was obtained with interspersed islands of retained austenite whose volume fraction and mechanical stability could be controlled by varying the thermal processing conditions. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the microduplex structure were compared to those of the alloy in the maraged, martensitic condition. Due to the presence of the austenite phase, the microduplex structure showed a much smaller temperature and strain rate dependence of deformation than the martensitic structure. A remarkable increase in uniform elongation was observed below theM _d temperature of retained austenite. The microduplex structure did not show any significant advantage in fracture toughness over the martensitic structure when compared at similar strength levels. By suitably adjusting austenitic stability a deformation-induced phase transformation (TRIP) of the retained austenite in the microduplex structure could be made to occur; however, the transformation did not lead to any evident increase in toughness. The micro-duplex structure exhibited a slight improvement in fracture toughness at high strain rate in contrast to the martensitic structure in which the rate effect significantly reduced the toughness.     

MnFe1-xTixP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25（x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03）系列化合物的磁热效应

通过X射线衍射分析(XRD)和振动磁强计(VSM)磁性测量,研究了替代元素Ti替代Fe元素含量的MnFe1-xTixP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25(x=0,0.01,0.02,0.03)系列化合物的物相结构与磁热效应的影响。结果表明:该系列化合物的结构为Fe2P型六角晶系结构,空间群为P62m。主相均为(Mn,Fe)2(P,Ge,Si),并含有少量的第二相(Mn,Fe)3Si相。随着Ti原子替代Fe原子的增加化合物的晶格常数a增大,晶格常数c略有减小,晶胞体积V基本保持不变。随着Ti含量增加居里温度(TC)减小,热滞ΔThys的大小改进不太明显。MnFeP0.63Ge0.12Si0.25的TC为305 K,当外磁场变化为0～1.5 T时最大磁熵变的绝对值为14.8 J.(kg.K)-1。     

Fe-Cr-Mn microduplex ferritic-martensitic stainless steels

An alloy development program has been undertaken with the aim of identifying an Fe-Cr-Mn stainless steel with ferritic-martensitic microduplex phase balance of sufficient stability to produce moderate strength and ductility, good impact resistance and acceptable as-welded properties. A microduplex, low C and N, Ti stabilized composition of Fe-11.5 pct Cr-3 pct Mn has been found to provide a yield strength of ⋍550 MPa, a tensile strength of ≃650 MPa, tensile elongation of 20 pct, a CVN impact transition temperature of-115°C (at 0.33 cm gage) and good weldability as determined by bend, impact, and intergranular corrosion testing. The alloy possesses general corrosion resistance roughly comparable to T405 and T430 ferritic stainless steels. The impact resistance achieved with the mixture of ferrite and martensite is inconsistent with previous concepts of second phase toughening in microduplex alloys, with the mixture apparently being significantly tougher than either of its components in bulk form. J.R. WOOD formerly with Allegheny Ludlum Steel Corporation, Brackenridge, PA     

Effect of heat-treatment conditions on the structure and physicomechanical and chemical properties of a Ni-Cr-Cu-Ti maraging steel

The effects of quenching (from 950°C or from 950 and 850°C) and the aging conditions on the structure, properties, and delayed fracture (DF) of 03Kh11N10M2DT maraging steel has been studied by dilatometry, X-ray diffraction, and fracture tests. The DF-crack growth rate is maximal after aging at 400°C irrespective of the quenching conditions, and the corrosion rate is maximal after aging at 350–400°C in the case of single quenching and at 350°C after double quenching. The kinetics and mechanism of the early stages of the decomposition of a supersaturated α solid solution are investigated by electrical-resistance measurements and transmission electron microscopy. In the state after single quenching, aging occurs in two stages at all isothermal heat treatments; in the state after double quenching, aging occurs in one stage at a time exponent n = 0.2 in the Johnson-Mehl equation. Upon aging at 400°C, the intermediate ordered Fe₃(Ni,Ti) phase with a complex cubic lattice precipitates, and the intermetallic compound Ni₃Ti precipitates upon subsequent aging. Moreover, copper-rich ε-phase precipitates form only in the case of single quenching. The substantial increase in the crack growth rate during DF with n < 0.2 is likely to be caused by the formation of Guinier-Preston zones enriched in nickel and titanium.     

GH720Li合金长期时效过程中γ'相演变规律

研究GH720Li合金经标准热处理（1105℃,4 h→油冷＋650℃,24 h→空冷＋760℃,16 h→空冷）后分别在720℃时效0~5000 h和800℃时效0~1000 h后γ!强化相的演变规律.合金在720℃,5000 h时效后一次γ＇相的尺寸、形态以及数量基本不发生变化;在720℃,200 h时效后,二次γ＇相发生明显粗化;500 h后出现不均匀长大.相应地,500 h前硬度下降速率大,500 h后趋于平稳.在800℃,500 h时效后,一次γ＇相发生粗化;800℃,100 h时效后,二次γ＇相发生明显粗化且不均匀长大.500 h前硬度下降斜率很大,500 h后硬度仍有明显下降趋势.720℃及800℃时二次γ＇相粗化行为是以扩散控制的粗化机制为主导.γ＇相平均半径与时效时间满足立方根关系,符合L-S-W（Lifshiz-Slyozov-Wanger）理论.