正极材料LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的制备与电化学性能

采用固相法和沉淀法合成了锂离子电池正极材料LiCo1／3Ni1／3Mn1／3O2探讨了合成温度、不同合成方法对材料的电化学性能的影响。利用充放电测试、循环伏安测试方法对合成的LiCo1／3Ni1／3Mn1／3O2进行了表征。结果表明,固相法900℃煅烧合成的材料电化学性能较好,沉淀法合成的材料电化学性能最好,以10．0mA／g的电流充放电,首次放电比容量为576．0C／g,循环50次后放电比容量仍保持501．5C／g。以100．0mA／g的大电流放电,放电比容量达到430．2C／g。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1/2Co1/6Mn1/3O2的制备与性能

采用Co2+浓度递增的金属离子混合溶液分次共沉淀方法制备Ni1/2Co1/6Mn1/3(OH)2,以其为前驱体,通过高温固相反应得到具有Co含量梯度的层状LiNi1/2Co1/6Mn1/3O2,探讨了焙烧温度及Co含量梯度对材料的结构和电化学性能的影响. 通过X射线衍射、扫描电镜、热重分析及恒电流充放电测试对合成的样品进行了表征. 结果表明,700℃合成产物即具有类LiNiO2的六方层状结构,800和850℃合成产物阳离子排列有序度高,层状结构显著. 材料结晶度好,粒度均匀,粒径在亚微米级. 合成温度800℃的梯度材料具有最佳的电化学性能, 2.5~4.2 V, 0.1 C倍率充放电50次后,梯度材料的容量仍保持在171.2 mA×h/g. 相同的焙烧温度,梯度材料比均匀材料的电化学性能更加优异.     

锂离子电池正极材料LiCo1／3Mn1／3Ni1／3O2的制备与性能研究

采用机械活化-高温固相法制备了锂离子电池正极材料LiCo1／3Mn1／3Ni1／3O2研究球磨方式与n（Li）／n（M）对合成产物结构与性能的影响。通过X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和电化学性能测试对所得样品的结构、形貌及电化学性能进行了表征。研究结果表明,优化试验条件下制备得到的材料具有良好的循环性能,在电压范围2．7～4．2V内,充放电的电流值为20mA／g时,初始放电比容量为160mA·h／g,30次循环后容量保持率为96．98％。     

正极材料LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2共沉淀合成法的研究

讨论了焙烧温度对LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的共沉淀法合成过程的影响,结合XRD、SEM、振实密度分析和充放电测试等手段获得了共沉淀法制备LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的最佳合成温度。获得了共沉淀法制备LiCo1/3Ni1/3Mn1/3O2的最佳焙烧温度为900℃,在上述最佳焙烧温度条件下合成的正极材料具有优异的电化学性能。     

锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5-xCo2xMn0.5-xO2（x=0．1）的合成及性能

采用共沉淀法以化学计量比的Ni^2＋和Mn^4＋（1：1）代替LiCoO2中的Co^3＋合成锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.5-xCo2xMn0.5-xO2（x=0．1）利用X射线衍射对其结构进行表征，结果表明材料的衍射峰与标准的α-NaFeO2层状结构完全对应，为层状嵌锂复合氧化物。LiNi0.4Co0.2Mn0.4O2在电压2．5-4．3V范围内表现出较好的电化学性能，循环25次后仍保持大约136mAh／g，具有很好的发展前景。     

0.7Li2MnO3-0.3LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2的共沉淀制备及电化学性能

本文通过共沉淀法合成了0.7Li2MnO3-0.3LiNi1/2Mn1/2O2这种正极材料,并对这种材料的结构、相组成和微观形貌进行了表征,并且进行了电化学性能测试。结果表明这种电极材料在循环测试中比容量能达到100mAh.g-1,后续循环稳定性较好。     

层状结构LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料制备过程与电化学性能

采用固相自引发基团置换法结合高温焙烧制备了亚μm级的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料。研究了热处理气氛、烧结时间对材料结构及性能的影响。研究结果表明在空气氛围下900℃焙烧20 h制备的LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料具有最佳的电化学性能。     

层状锂离子电池正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2的制备及性能

采用共沉淀法得到前驱体Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2,利用前驱体与LiOH×H2O的高温固相反应得到高振实密度的锂离子电池层状正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (2.3~2.5 g/cm3). 初步探讨了合成条件对材料电化学性能的影响. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、热重-差热分析(TG/DTG)以及恒电流充放电测试对合成的样品进行了测试和表征. 结果表明,在750℃、氧气气氛下合成的材料具有较好的电化学性能. 通过XRD分析可知该材料为典型的六方晶系a-NaFeO2结构;SEM测试发现产物粒子是由500~800 nm的一次小晶粒堆积形成的二次类球形粒子. 电化学测试表明,其首次放电容量和库仑效率分别为168.6 mA×h/g和90.5%, 20次循环后容量为161.7 mA×h/g,保持率达到95.9%,是一种具有应用前景的新型锂离子电池正极材料.     

掺锂量对锂离子电池正极材料LiNi1／3Co1／3Mn1／3O2的影响研究

采用共沉淀法,分别控制锂过量3％、5％和7％,制备了LiNi1／3Co1／3Mn1／3O2的前驱体,把真空干燥后的前驱体置于空气气氛下的马弗炉中,控制煅烧温度为900℃,对该前驱体进行煅烧。对所得样品进行XRD、SEM表征、电性能测试,根据XRD图、SEM图和充放电循环曲线,探讨了不同掺锂量对产物的影响,最后得到过锂3％条件下煅烧的材料形貌和电化学性能最佳的结论。     

MgF2包覆对正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2性能的影响

通过浸渍法在正极材料LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2的表面包覆MgF2,通过XRD、SEM、交流阻抗（EIS）分析、充放电测试研究了不同量MgF2包覆对LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2正极材料的结构与电化学性能的影响。结果表明,MgF2以非晶态形式包覆于LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2材料颗粒的表面,当包覆量为3%（物质的量分数,下同）时,三元正极材料具有优良的电化学性能,在3.0~4.6 V充放电范围内0.1C充放电倍率下,首次放电比容量为196.3 mA·h/g,1C循环50次后容量保持率为95.7%,55 ℃高温下1C循环50次后容量保持率为93.3%。     

Preparation of LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2/polytriphenylamine cathode composites with enhanced electrochemical performances towards reversible lithium storage

A series of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂/polytriphenylamine composites were successfully synthesized by ultrasound dispersion method. LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂/polytriphenylamine (5.0?wt%) composite with small and homogeneous particle size exhibited excellent electrochemical performance, which delivered an initial discharge capacity of 223.7?mAh g^?1 with a capacity retention of 84.39% after 100 cycles in the voltage range of 2.5–4.5?V and at a current density of 0.2C. Moreover, an excellent specific discharge capacity of 127.3?mAh g^?1 at a current density 5C indicates a superior rate performance of the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂/polytriphenylamine (5.0?wt%) composite. The good electrochemical performances of the composite can be attributed to the introduction of polytriphenylamine, which increased electrical conductivity, decreased charge transfer resistance and increased Li⁺ ion diffusion ability. These noteworthy results demonstrated that LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂/polytriphenylamine composites might be potential cathode materials for lithium ion batteries.     

钴掺杂对Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2电化学性能的影响

利用共沉淀法制备了锂离子电池正极材料Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2和Li1.2Mn0.588Ni0.196Co0.016O2,并利用XRD、SEM和充放电测试对其晶体结构、形貌和电化学性能进行了表征.XRD结果表明:掺杂钴材料后,材料的层状结构保持完整,阳离子混排程度降低.电化学性能测试结果表明:掺钴材料的首次充放电效率和倍率放电性能明显优于Li1.2Mn0.6Ni0.2O2,且表现出较优的循环性能,其1、2、5C放电比容量分别为230.3、215.6、155.6 mA·h/g,1 C下循环50次的容量保持率为90.9％.     

Optimized synthesis of Na2/3Ni1/3Mn2/3O2 as cathode for sodium-ion batteries by rapid microwave calcination

Microwave calcination is proposed as an alternative route to conventional heating to prepare layered P2–Na_2/3Ni_1/3Mn_2/3O₂ as a positive electrode for sodium-ion batteries. The sample obtained by the fastest conditions, with a heating ramp of 20 °C min⁻¹ for only 2 h, showed well-crystallized rounded particles. Cyclic voltammetry and impedance spectroscopy evidenced a low internal cell resistance, and high diffusion coefficients, which justify its capability to sustain the highest capacity at 1 C and retain the discharge capacity for at least two hundred cycles.     

不同沉淀剂对Li_(1.1)Ni_(0.5)Mn_(0.5)O_2结构和电化学性能的影响

通过共沉淀-高温煅烧方法合成了层状结构的Li1.1Ni0.5Mn0.5O2正极材料,并通过XRD、SEM研究了不同沉淀剂对产物结构和形貌的影响。运用恒电流充放电测试、CV及EIS研究了其电化学性能。结果表明,不同沉淀剂合成的产物均具有良好的层状结构及形貌。碳酸盐为沉淀剂合成的产物锂镍混排度最小,颗粒更均匀,具有最低的极化及最小的电荷转移阻抗,具有最高的容量及最优的倍率性能。     

正极材料LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2的合成工艺优化及电化学性能

采用高温固相法合成锂离子电池富镍三元材料LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂,对其工艺条件进行优化,对产物进行X射线衍射（XRD（,扫描电镜（SEM（以及电化学性能分析。结果表明：在氧气气氛下,锂与金属元素摩尔比为1.05:1、烧结时间15 h、烧结温度750℃为最佳合成工艺条件。按最佳工艺合成的样品在1C首次放电容量高达174.9 mA·h·g^-1,50次循环后比容量为158.5 mA·h·g^-1,容量保持率为90.62%,表现出良好的循环稳定性。XRD和SEM表征表明,在氧气气氛下烧结的样品有良好的层状结构,阳离子混排程度小,具有较好的类球形,粒径均匀分布在10~20 μm。循环伏安（CV（和电化学阻抗（EIS（结果表明,工艺条件的优化有助于提高正极材料的电化学性能。     

Microwave solid-state synthesis and electrochemical properties of carbon-free Li3V2(PO4)3 as cathode materials for lithium batteries

Monoclinic Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ can be rapidly synthesized at 750 °C for 5 min (MW5m) by using microwave solid-state synthesis method. The refined cell parameters and atomic coordination of the sample MW5m show some deviations compared with those of the sample synthesized in conventional solid-state synthesis method, especially the coordinate of Li atoms. Compared with the electrochemical properties of the carbon-coating sample Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃, the carbon-free sample MW5m presents well electrochemical properties. In the cut-off voltage of 3.0-4.3 V, MW5m sample presents a specific charge capacity of 132 mAh g⁻¹, almost equivalent to the reversible cycling of two lithium ions per Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ formula unit (133 mAh g⁻¹), and specific discharge capacity of 126.4 mAh g⁻¹. In the cut-off voltage of 3.0-4.8 V, MW5m shows an initial specific discharge capacity of 183.4 mAh g⁻¹ at 0.1 C, near the theoretical discharge capacity. In the cycle performance, the capacity fade of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ is dependent on the cut-off voltage and the preparation method, more capacity lost at relatively higher charge/discharge voltage. The reasons for the excellent electrochemical properties of Li₃V₂(PO₄)₃ rapidly synthesized in microwave field are discussed in detail.     

锂离子正极材料Li（Ni_（1/3）Co_（1/3）Mn_（1/3））O_（2-x）F_x的合成与电化学性能

采用沉淀法合成一系列Li（Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3）O2-xFx正极材料（0≤x≤0.5）;用X射线衍射仪和扫描电镜仪分析了合成产物的晶体结构及表面形貌;利用充放电仪测定产物的电化学性能,结果表明Li（Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3）O1.7F0.3的电化学性能最佳,首次充放电比容量分别达181.9、174.0 mA.h/g,材料的结构在循环过程中保持稳定,倍率性能变好,电化学阻抗明显降低。     

CeF3-modified LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathode material for high-voltage Li-ion batteries

A facile chemical deposition method has been adopted to prepare cerium fluoride (CeF₃) surface modified LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ as cathode material for lithium-ion batteries. Structure analyses reveal that the surface of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ particles is uniformly coated by CeF₃. Electrochemical tests indicate that the optimal CeF₃ content is 1 wt%. The 1 wt% CeF₃-coated LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ can deliver a discharge capacity of 107.1 mA h g⁻¹ even at 5 C rate, while the pristine does only 57.3 mA h g⁻¹. Compared to the pristine, the 1 wt% CeF₃-coated LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ exhibits the greatly enhanced capacity and cycling stability in the voltage range of 3.0–4.5 V, which suggests that the CeF₃ coating has the positive effect on the high-voltage application of LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂. According to the analyses from electrochemical impedance spectra, enhanced electrochemical performance is mainly because the stable CeF₃ coating layer can prevent the HF-containing electrolyte from continuously attacking the LiNi_1/3Co_1/3Mn_1/3O₂ cathode and retard the passivating layer growth on the cathode.