复杂构筑的沉井施工

通过一定的技术措施，在较小的工作面，较短的施工工期内将复杂构筑物的沉井施工顺利完成。整个构筑物未发现渗水点，各项指标符合规范和设计要求。     

中南地质勘探局科技教育中心总平面设计

利用原地形错落布局,新,老建筑物相衔接,技术经济指标符合规范要求。     

某多金属矿岩矿采样与化验鉴定研究

山东省某多金属矿矿产资源丰富,矿床中成矿金属元素含量丰富。为明确岩矿中相关金属元素含量,通过矿物的光、声、硬度及主要的化学成分特征进行化验分析,完成岩矿鉴定。实验结果表明：各样品Ⅰ级标准物质的各元素分析结果均符合监控要求,230个监控样品结果符合规范要求,内检分析合格率符合规范要求,异常抽查分析合格率也符合规范要求。     

高炉设计的新体系

由于富氧、喷煤等等炼铁技术的发展,过去采用的炉缸面积燃烧强度、冶炼强度为基础的高炉设计方法已经不适用了。应该建立中国的高炉设计体系。高炉设计必须满足高炉强化生产的要求,笔者使用了近代气体动力学的成果,科学地分析了衡量高炉强化冶炼过程的因素－炉腹煤气量指数,用以指导高炉设计,形成新的高炉设计体系。     

鞍钢炼铁厂11号高炉除尘器筏板基础设计初探

详细介绍了鞍钢炼铁厂在11号高炉完善性大修工程中除尘器筏板基础的设计和施工特点,主要讲述了筏板基础选型和设计中地基承载力的确定方法,变形控制计算方法。但应注意：基础选型应因地制宜,除基础要满足现行规范允许的沉降量和沉降差的限值外。整体结构应符合规范对强度、刚度和延性的要求,选用桩基、筏基都不是绝对的。而安全可靠、经济合理才是基础选型的标准。     

发改委要求钢铁专业设计单位对所承担钢铁项目自查

为贯彻落实钢铁行业控制总量、淘汰落后、加快调整结构的有关要求，切实从设计和项目前期工作阶段把好行业准入关，发改委工业司发出《关于对钢铁设计单位开展钢铁设计项目检查的通知》，要求国内21家钢铁专业甲级设计单位对2004年以来所承担设计的钢铁项目进行自查，特别是对不符合产业政策技术标准的项目进行核查。工业司将根据各单位的自查情况，组织有关单位进行抽查，以督促设计单位严格执行钢铁产业发展政策。     

株洲市霞湾污水处理厂设计

株洲市霞湾污水处理厂是为保护湘江而建的工程，设计规模为10万m^3／d，根据污水水质及排放要求，处理工艺采用了不设初沉池的氧化沟活性污泥法；污泥处理采用了不经消化直接脱水工艺。本文介绍各处理单元的主要设计参数和所选用设备的技术参数。     

镀锌机组设备基础设计探讨

本文从镀锌工艺布置对设备基础的要求角度，论述了镀锌机组设备基础的设计特点，计算原则和如何解决不设置伸缩缝，沉降缝的问题，同时对电缆隧道与地下沟沟道和其它设计构造的特点也作了途述。     

水冷却塔的设计

介绍了塔式容器的结构,分析了塔式容器的受力特点。对照法律法规、设计规范、技术标准等要求,重点介绍了塔式容器的材料选用、筒体、封头、开孔补强等的设计计算,并对强度、刚度等进行了分析,进一步进行容器结构的设计,从而使设计达到法律法规、规范、技术标准的要求。     

浅谈建筑节能设计与施工

建筑节能在我国已广泛开展,成为建筑设计强制性标准,可是建筑节能设计虽然满足建筑节能规范要求,但由于设计缺陷以及施工方法、材料选用等诸多因素的不同,导致建筑节能效果不理想。在此,结合自身多年的施工管理实践经验,针对建筑节能设计的一些构造,重点阐述节能设计及施工注意的一些问题,克服设计、施工缺陷,保障建筑节能在实际工程中发挥最大作用。     

Determining relative importance of predictors with the observational design.

A recent comparison of typical extreme-groups designs and observational designs (G. H. McClelland and C. M. Judd, see record 1994-00225-001) showed that extreme-groups designs have greater power to detect interactions than do observational designs and that extreme-groups designs provide estimates of unstandardized parameter values that have smaller standard errors than do estimates provided by observational designs. In this study, this discussion is taken a step further by investigation of the advantages and disadvantages associated with inferences drawn from extreme-groups and observational designs for the estimation of standardized effects. Observational designs, through accurate estimation of predictor variances, are concluded to be superior for the purposes of standardized parameter estimation. Finally, various ways of adapting extreme-groups designs to better justify inferences concerning population distributions are suggested. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Regression analyses of repeated measures data in cognitive research.

Repeated measures designs involving nonorthogonal variables are being used with increasing frequency in cognitive psychology. Researchers usually analyze the data from such designs inappropriately, probably because the designs are not discussed in standard textbooks on regression. Two commonly used approaches to analyzing repeated measures designs are considered in this article. It is argued that both approaches use inappropriate error terms for testing the effects of independent variables. A more appropriate analysis is presented, and two alternative computational procedures for the analysis are illustrated. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Optimal design in psychological research.

Psychologists often do not consider the optimality of their research designs. However, increasing costs of using inefficient designs requires psychologists to adopt more efficient designs with many factor levels and equal allocations of observations are often inefficient for the specific questions most psychologists want to answer. Happenstance allocations determined by random sampling are usually even more inefficient and some common analysis strategies can exacerbate the inefficiency. By selecting treatment levels and allocating observations optimally, psychologists can greatly increase the efficiency and statistical power of their research designs. A few heuristic design principles can produce much more efficient designs than are often used. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Overcoming feelings of powerlessness in "aging" researchers: A primer on statistical power in analysis of variance designs.

A general rationale and specific procedures for examining the statistical power characteristics of psychology-of-aging (POA) empirical studies are provided. First, 4 basic ingredients of statistical hypothesis testing are reviewed. Then, 2 measures of effect size are introduced (standardized mean differences and the proportion of variation accounted for by the effect of interest), and methods are given for estimating these measures from already-completed studies. Power and sample size formulas, examples, and discussion are provided for common comparison-of-means designs, including independent samples 1-factor and factorial ANOVA designs, analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) designs, repeated measures (correlated samples) ANOVA designs, and split-plot (combined between- and within-Ss) ANOVA designs. Because of past conceptual differences, special attention is given to the power associated with statistical interactions, and cautions about applying the various procedures are indicated. Illustrative power estimations also are applied to a published study from the literature. POA researchers will be better informed consumers of what they read and more "empowered" with respect to what they research by understanding the important roles played by power and sample size in statistical hypothesis testing. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

An evaluation of phase I cancer clinical trial designs

Phase I clinical trials are designed to identify an appropriate dose for experimentation in phase II and III studies. I present the results from a simulation study to evaluate the performance of nine phase I designs involving the standard design, the two-stage modified Storer's design, the two-stage Korn's design, the one-stage modified continual reassessment method (CRM) designs, and the two-stage modified CRM designs. I compare the performance of the above phase I designs in terms of the following criteria: (i) the proportion of the recommended maximum tolerated dose (MTD) at each dose level; (ii) the proportion of patients treated at each dose level; (iii) the average number of patients to complete the trial; (iv) the probability of toxicity observed; and (v) the average number of cohorts to complete the trial. In general, the one-stage modified CRM II and CRM III designs perform well compared with the other designs considered in this study. The one-stage modified CRM II and III designs require much fewer numbers of cohorts than do the two-stage modified CRM II and III designs. The one-stage modified CRM II and III designs avoid the criticisms of the original CRM by reducing the average number of cohorts and toxicity incidences, while estimating the MTD more accurately than does the standard design.     

Intrusion of teeth in the combination implant-to-natural-tooth fixed partial denture: a review of the theories

Experimental designs in clinical investigation are discussed in this article. Guideline examples have been used in the area of Cardiology using always the same one only one whenever possible. We have looked for a different perspective from what is generally used in the discussion of the general characteristics of experimental designs, and more specifically of clinical trials and we deal with the aspects of clinical trials which are usually ignored due to their marginal character. We also discuss those characteristics which differentiate clinical trials in respect to other designs and types of questions which are answered by clinical trials. And we finally discuss various aspects such as randomization and its various types (simple, block, stratified, pre-randomized) and variable types of evaluating the answers, masking and the problems in its maintenance, with certain kinds of designs, sample size, etc. There is a brief mention of two particular cases: factorial and cross over designs are both discussed, mentioning their strong and weak points. Likewise, we discuss community trials as another experimental design and examples are provided. Finally, we discuss aspects of criteria: such as, When to stop the trials? or Who are the results applicable to?, and we suggest points to take into consideration when these decisions are made.     

MANOVA method for analyzing repeated measures designs: An extensive primer.

Contends that tests in repeated-measures designs based on MANOVA are free of sphericity assumptions, and with modern computing software, MANOVA is straightforward to use, even for complex designs and nontraditional hypotheses. A general strategy for implementing MANOVA within statistical computing packages is presented. Regular (preplanned) tests and simultaneous (post hoc) tests are illustrated for a variety of designs and hypotheses. Optimal contrasts for unbalanced repeated measures designs are appended. (33 ref) (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

A note on sample size determination for bioequivalence studies with high-order crossover designs

Similar to Liu and Chow, approximate formulas for sample size determination are derived based on Schuirmann's two one-sided tests procedure for bioequivalence studies for the additive and the multiplicative models under various higher order crossover designs for comparing two formulations of a drug product. The higher order crossover designs under study include Balaam's design, the two-sequence dual design, and two four-period designs (with two and four sequences), which are commonly used for assessment of bioequivalence between formulations. The derived formulas are simple enough to be carried out with a pocket calculator. The number of subjects required for each of the four higher order designs are tabulated for selected powers and various parameter values.     

Alternative criteria for optimal designs of limiting dilution assays

It is well known that criteria for optimal non-linear designs usually depend on the unknown value of parameters. An approximate Bayesian approach imposes a prior on these values and optimizes the expectation of the criterion over this distribution. While this method produces designs that perform well on average, the design may perform badly in some parts of the parameter space, and if the true parameter appears to fall in one of these regions, then the good average performance will be little compensation. Several alternative criteria are introduced in the context of deriving designs for limiting dilution assays. These include constrained optimization of a familiar criterion, a minimax criterion and designs to optimize prespecified centiles of the variance under the prior distribution. The latter are shown to offer a useful compromise between good overall performance and possible poor performance.     

The signals for starvation response are transduced through elevated [Ca2+]i in Dictyostelium cells

Selecting antiretroviral therapies for human immunodeficiency virus type 1-infected persons is complicated by the availability of a vast number of potentially useful drug combinations and by extensive variation among patients in their resistance to various drugs. AIDS clinical trials have used designs in which a handful of drug regimens in a few patient classes can be compared. Here is proposed implementation of innovative designs with factorial structure that permit assessment of many treatment arms and patient classes in a single trial; when and how they can be appropriately used are discussed. These designs are efficient, permit systematic investigation of correlations between genetic mutations and in vivo drug resistance, and provide insight into important drug interactions in people that conventional designs are unable to provide. Through creative application of these designs, identification of superior drug combinations and the science of understanding in vivo joint drug dynamics and genotypic resistance will progress at an optimum pace.