薄带连铸Fe-2.7%Si铸带组织和析出物

研究了双辊薄带连铸Fe-2.7%Si合金铸带组织和析出物的形貌特征及分布规律。结果表明,实验钢铸带中间区域具有以表层柱状晶为主、中心细小等轴晶共存的组织,且细小等轴晶区厚度约为600μm,尺寸为10μm~40μm,晶内有大量亚晶。铸带初始织构较为漫散。铸带中的析出物主要为AlN和MnS的复合析出,通常以MnS周边包围AlN的形态存在,析出的位置主要在晶界、亚晶界附近及晶内。表层析出物尺寸为50nm~500nm,中心层尺寸更为粗大,甚至包括1μm以上的特大型析出物。同时,铸带中存在一定的位错,可在一定程度上促进第二相粒子的快速细小析出。     

镁合金双辊薄带连铸技术的研究现状及进展

双辊薄带连铸技术作为一种有潜力的镁合金板带材生产技术,其研究开发正受到国内外的关注。本文总结了镁合金双辊薄带连铸技术的研究概况,尤其是镁合金双辊薄带连铸工艺开发、薄带组织和性能研究以及薄带凝固过程的数值模拟等方面取得的进展,指出了该技术目前还存在的问题,并对今后的发展进行了展望。     

双辊连铸不锈钢薄带内部质量缺陷的研究

对双辊薄带连铸机生产的2 mm厚不锈钢薄带内部质量进行了研究,发现主要问题是存在于薄带柱状晶区和等轴晶区之间的疏松和裂纹.双辊连铸薄带内部缺陷易发区域金相观察和EBSD取向分析结果表明,不锈钢薄带等轴晶和柱状晶之间细晶区是折断的树枝晶碎块形成的,同时验证了等轴晶区的半固态特性.并从半固态钢液铸轧的角度探讨了内部缺陷形成过程.     

正火对双辊薄带连铸5.28％Si-1.11％Al无取向高硅钢磁性能的影响

采用双辊薄带连铸工艺试制了2.6 mm厚5.28％Si-1.11％A1高硅钢薄带,对比了1050℃×5 min正火及不正火铸带280℃冷轧至0.5 mm后,再经900～1100℃退火的磁性能.结果表明,高硅钢铸带显微组织为等轴晶组织,正火后铸带边部晶粒长大,中心层晶粒变化较小.成品中析出物主要为较粗大的A1N和AlN+ MnS复合析出物,尺寸为0.5～2.5 μm.与不正火试样相比,正火试样成品铁损大幅降低,磁感小幅下降;随退火温度的升高,两种工艺下铁损和磁感都是先降低后升高,在1050℃出现最低值.     

双辊薄带-铸辊界面热流测量方法研究

综述了国内外薄带连铸界面热流的测定方法,分析了工艺参数的变化对薄带-铸辊界面换热系数造成的影响。归纳前人研究模型和方法的特点,提出存在的问题,为双辊薄带连铸技术的进一步研究提出了建议和看法。     

含磷0.08%铸轧薄带的研究

通过组织观察、拉伸实验、冲击实验、加速腐蚀实验等研究了含磷0.08%的双辊铸轧低碳钢薄带。实验结果表明,厚1.7mm的铸带在表面附近富磷而在基体中贫磷,且被冷轧至0.8mm后,仍有大约70μm宽的表面富磷层被保留;表面富磷层的存在使源自铸带的退火态薄带(TRCA)耐候性能明显优于源自铸锭的退火态薄带(IHCA),但却没有给TRCA薄带的力学性能带来不利的影响。与IHCA薄带相比,TRCA薄带的脆韧性转变温度低12℃左右,塑性基本相同。     

AISI304连铸薄带组织与取向的EBSD分析

利用EBSD取向成像技术,分析了双辊连铸法生产的AISI304奥氏体连铸薄带的两相组织结构及取向特点.结果表明,ND-TD方向上,不同的位置铁素体和奥氏体两相组织中晶界取向差在0°～15°的小角度晶界较多,表明薄带内部存在大量亚结构;薄带内部不同位置两相中的晶粒生长方向不同.     

退火温度对铸轧高磷钢冷带力学性能的影响

在双辊薄带铸轧机上制备了表面质量良好、P含量高达0.15%的新型高磷钢薄带;研究了该高磷钢薄带冷轧后的退火制度及退火温度对其显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明,退火温度为750℃时高磷钢冷轧薄带能够获得最佳强塑性组合,其抗拉强度可达435MPa,屈强比为0.72,伸长率可达32.5%,达到常规耐候钢的使用标准。     

NdFeB/α-Fe合金快淬薄带表面微观形貌

采用快淬加后续晶化退火方法,制备了NdFeB/α-Fe双相纳米晶复合永磁合金的快淬态和晶化态薄带,用原子力显微镜(AFM)观察了薄带贴辊面和自由面的微观形貌,分析研究了薄带不同表面晶粒尺寸与均匀性的差异。贴辊面快淬时冷却速度快、结晶度高,快淬态主要由非晶体组成,退火时新相的析出以均匀形核的方式成核,晶化态晶粒数量少、平均尺寸(～70nm)大,但晶粒大小均匀。自由面快淬时析出了数量较多、尺寸较大的微晶,退火时以非均匀形核为主,成核率高,晶粒数量多、尺寸小,平均晶粒尺寸(～50nm)小于贴辊面,但由于微晶本身的长大,形成了超过100nm的粗大晶粒,使微观结构的均匀性变差。薄带不同表面微观形貌的差异将会对纳米晶复合永磁材料的磁性能产生直接的影响。     

连铸AISI304不锈钢薄带夹杂物的研究

采用大样电解方法研究了双辊连铸工艺生产的AISI304薄带内大型夹杂物的类型和数量，运用带有能谱的扫描电子显微镜分析了薄带内部细小的夹杂物类型。结果表明，连铸薄带内大型夹杂物的数量很少，只占薄带总量的0．0015％，大型夹杂物类型多为氧化物；薄带内有更细小的氧化物类夹杂物和MnS夹杂物。大型夹杂物对薄带性能的不良影响较小，连铸薄带的性能较好。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。