线性聚乙烯及线性聚乙烯/高岭土复合材料的异常流变行为

线性聚乙烯熔体的强异常流动行为源于其分子量高、分子链缠结点多、熔体的界面吸附性强。用聚合填充法制备的ＵＨＭＷＰＥ／ｋａｏｌｉｎ和ＨＤＰＥ／ｋａｏｌｉｎ体系可以顺利地由毛细管挤出,且填充量增大,体系表观粘度下降,加工流动性变好。     

氧化锑／高岭土复合阴燃微粉的球磨法制备及特性研究

用球磨法制备氧化锑／高岭土复合阻燃微粉,用热重（TG）、差示扫描量热法（DSC）对其阻燃特性进行了分析,激光光散射粒度分布仪分析了粒子的分布情况。结果表明,高岭土结构变化的超始温度降低,高岭土与氧化锑的化合反应在一个较窄的温度范围内进行。掺杂高岭土量大时,化合反应的活化能E变小,频率因子A变大,复合反应为0级反应。     

高岭土－聚丙烯酰胺夹层复合物的合成

用化学分析、ＩＲ、ＸＲＤ等手段研究了高岭土一聚丙烯酰胺夹层复合物的合成过程。通过对高岭土一ＤＭＳＯ（二甲亚砜）中间复合物的置换反应，将丙烯酰胺单体引入高岭土层间。ＩＲ谱显示出有机物分子与高岭土的外羟基可能以氢键形式相互作用；ＸＲＤ谱表明夹入有机分子后，高岭上层间距ｄ＿（００１）值增大。通过适当的热处理，实现了丙烯酰胺单体在高岭土层间的聚合，增强了复合物结构的稳定性。     

新疆高岭土作FCC催化剂载体可能性的试验研究

研究了连续几类高岭土的化学成分、矿物组成、铁的赋存状态、物理性质（粒度、比表面积和孔体积）和催化特性。结果表明：（1）在所研究的连续高岭土样品中，只有伊宁浅色地开石可用作FCC催化剂载体，但还需进一步扩大深入研究；（2）高岭土用作催化裂化催化剂载体，其成因类型、矿物组成、化学成分、矿物结构特征、物理性质等对催化性能均有重要影响。     

复掺偏高岭土对混凝土抗压强度的影响

我国高岭土资源丰富,偏高岭土应用于混凝土有将会很大前景。本文对比研究了复掺偏高岭土对混凝土抗压强度的影响。研究表明在水胶比为0．31下,偏高岭土与粉煤灰总掺量为35％（偏高岭土掺量为8％）时更能充分发挥偏高岭土的活性。合理的偏高岭土掺入对掺粉煤灰混凝土早期抗压强度有提高明显,抗压强度提高可达47％。     

DF-3絮凝剂产生菌培养条件的优化

从花园土壤中筛选到一株有絮凝能力的菌株编号为DF-3,在温度为30℃,通气量（以摇床转速表示）为160r／min时通过实验确定DF-3的最佳培养条件：初始pH为8;20g／L果糖和5g／L葡萄糖为碳源;0．3g／L蛋白胨,0．5g／L酵母膏,0．5g／L尿素和0．2g／L（NH4）2SO4为最佳氮源;无机盐为2g／LKH2PO4,5g／L K2HPO4和0．1g／L NaCl。在这种条件下培养36小时所产微生物絮凝剂对高岭土悬浊液的絮凝率超过90％。     

煤系高岭土表面改性效果评价及机理研究

实验发现,活化指数法不能有效地反映煤系高岭土的表面改性效果。活化指数高的样品,在橡胶中并不具有好的补强效果。红外光谱（ＩＲ）和魔角旋转核磁共振（ＭＡＳＮＭＲ）研究证明,表面改性高岭土的补强效果取决于矿物颗粒表面化学键合与物理吸附的偶联剂分子的比例,化学键合的分子越多其补强效果越好。魔角旋转核磁共振（ＭＡＳ ＮＭＲ）研究表明,煤系高岭土表面的Ａｌ－Ｏ键是一个比较活跃的基团,易与偶联剂分子之间发生化学     

载Ag羟基磷灰石/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷的制备及抗菌性能

为通过滤除水中微生物和杂质而改善水质,首先采用一步共沉淀法合成了载Ag羟基磷灰石（Ag-HA）抗菌粉体,并将其与硅藻土和高岭土等原料复合,通过烧结法制备了Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷;然后,通过XRD、SEM、EDS和原子吸收分光光度计对Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷的结构进行了表征;最后,研究了Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷对大肠杆菌（E.coli）和金黄色葡萄球菌（S.aureus）的抗菌性能。结果表明:Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷的主物相为石英、方石英及HA;经高温烧结后,Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷含丰富的由硅藻土颗粒间微米级孔隙及颗粒内部孔隙构成的孔道;Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷内均匀分布着微量的Ag;当Ag含量为0.098wt%时,Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷对E.coli和S.aureus的最小抑菌浓度分别为100 μg/mL和50 μg/mL;块状或粉末状的Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷在1 h内对E.coli和S.aureus的杀菌率分别为60.76%和100.00%,3 h后对二者的杀菌率均达到100.00%,且在24 h内具有持久抗菌性。所得结论表明制备的Ag-HA/硅藻土-高岭土复合陶瓷是一种有前景的水处理用过滤材料。      

工业矿物加工利用专利信息

低膨胀、抗热震耐酸陶瓷材料（CN1432547A）；高岭土煅烧加工生产工艺（CN141557H7A）；高活性流化催化裂化催化剂制备（CN1429883A）；海泡石牙膏及其制造工艺（CN1433750A）；硅藻土作为脱模剂的应用（CN1419978A）；环保型复合保温材料（CN1431163A）；碱法活化膨润土生产P型洗涤剂用沸石的工艺（CN1415721A）；矿物干燥剂（CN1422687A）；铝硅酸盐-硫铝酸钙膨胀剂及制法（CN1418840A）；利用粘土作为藻细胞絮凝剂治理海水赤潮及淡水水华的方法（CN1417136A）；煤灰型碱金属蒸气吸附剂及其制备（CN1425495A）；尼龙／膨润土纳米复合材料（CN1420143A）；亲水性纳米蒙脱土及其制备方法（CN1417266A）；石棉风-水两相选矿工艺（CN1422700A）；鞋及鞋垫夹层用除臭剂（CN1425469A）；一种高效藻絮凝剂及其用于治理赤潮及水华的方法（CN1418825A）；一种粘土溶液及其制备方法与用途（CN1415466A）；用回转煅烧窑煅烧高岭土（CN1417114A）；一种基于蒙脱石的血液净化吸附剂及其制备（CN1431044A）；一种基于水滑石的血液净化吸附剂及其制备（CN1431043A）；一种空气湿度调节剂及制法（CN1419962A）；一种非冷冻法纳米碳酸钙的生产（CN1417126A）；云母在制药中的应用（CN1432355A）。     

投资导航

干果精加工项目；巩留县年加工500吨贝母深加工项目；哈巴河县万吨牛羊肉（禽类）产品深加工项目；高岭土（陶瓷）资源开发利用项目     

刚性粒子增强增韧聚合物复合合材料的制备新技术

研究了从增强增韧填充母粒出发制备刚性粒子-硬核/弹性体-软壳结构粒子的新方法,以及制备高性能聚合物材料的理论依据、实施方法及实施效果,结果表明,增强增韧填充母粒制备高性能聚合物材料的方法,对聚合物材料同时增强增韧的效果好,加工过程简单,适合工业化生产的需要。     

SiO2/CaCO3纳米复合粒子填充改性聚丙烯

通过简单的工艺条件和步骤制备S iO2包覆C aCO3的核壳结构纳米复合粒子,采用硅烷偶联剂对其和纳米S iO2实心粒子进行表面改性处理,并用处理后的两种粒子分别对聚丙烯进行填充改性,然后比较其对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明,利用纳米S iO2/C aCO3复合粒子填充改性聚丙烯,可同时达到增强、增韧的目的,而且对材料力学性能的改性效果与纳米S iO2实心粒子的改性效果相近。     

云母填充聚丙烯的界面和力学性质的研究

研究了云母填充聚丙烯体系,通过云母的不同表面处理改变填料的表面性质,以及添加接枝改性聚丙烯作为界面改性剂,考察了不同的界面状况对体系加工流动性以及材料力学性能的影响。实验结果表明,有机偶联剂等表面处理剂有助于填料的分散。带有机长链的处理剂可明显降低体系的熔体粘度,但力学性能未提高,表现出界面润滑效应。硅烷偶联剂处理的云母与聚丙烯熔体的加工混合能接近于未处理体系,但熔混后压制的试样抗张强度显著提高,表现出界面“偶联”效应。添加少量的马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯,与带氨基的硅烷偶联剂相配合,可使填充聚丙烯的抗张强度和断裂伸长都大大提高,表现出界面的强偶联作用。     

等离子体处理填料填充聚烯烃力学性能的研究

将经过丁醛等离子体处理的云母粉填充到高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)或聚丙烯(PP)中,考察了填充聚合物的拉伸行为和断口形貌。结果表明,丁醛等离子体处理云母能够显著提高云母填充HDPE和PP的拉伸弹性模量和断裂伸长率,改善填充HDPE的低温韧性,在一定程度上缓解由填充导致的拉伸断裂强度的下降趋势。这是由于处理使填料与基体的结合性以及基体的延展性改善,填充体系致密性提高的结果。     

改性介孔硅-ESO/聚丙烯三元体系复合材料增强增韧机制

以改性介孔硅为主要补强剂,聚丙烯(PP)为基体树脂,环氧大豆油(ESO)为增塑剂和稳定剂,通过熔融挤出注塑方法制备了改性介孔硅-ESO/PP体系复合材料。通过XRD、SEM、光学显微镜(OM)、偏光显微镜(PLM)及力学性能测试对介孔硅与ESO增强增韧PP的机制进行分析。结果表明:改性介孔硅、ESO二者同时填充PP制备改性介孔硅-ESO/PP复合材料时,三者界面以物理交联或化学接枝的结合方式形成了空间网状结构,改性介孔硅均匀分散在PP基体中;改性介孔硅添加量一定时,随ESO用量增加,改性介孔硅-ESO/PP复合材料弯曲强度稍微下降,但抗冲击强度、硬度都得到提高,当改性介孔硅用量为20%(与PP的质量比)、ESO用量为2.5%(与PP的质量比)时,综合性能较好。改性介孔硅本身的高模量及粒子在聚合物熔体中的异向成核促进了基体树脂结晶,以及良好的界面结合及分散性,这是增强的主要原因。ESO分子插入聚合物分子链间,削弱了聚合物分子链间的移动性,一定程度降低了基体结晶度等是增韧的主要原因。改性介孔硅使α晶型PP转变为具有更高冲击强度β晶型PP,与ESO二者协同作用,能增强增韧,但是过多的ESO使介孔硅粒子集中在材料的表面,导致其表面硬度增大。     

The effect of AlOOH boehmite nanorods on mechanical property of hybrid composite coatings

AlOOH boehmite nanorods were used as a filler to develop sol gel based and polymer based hybrid composite coatings. The fracture toughness of the composite coatings was significantly improved by the nanorods as supported by nanoindentation test on sol gel based coatings and buckling test on polymer based coatings. The better fracture toughness of the nanorod filled composite than the conventional composite can be explained by the high aspect ratio of rigid nanorods, the orientation of nanorods along surface direction observed in the composite coatings, as well as chemical affinity between nanofillers and the matrix after they reacted with organosilane.     

The effect of dispersed paint particles on the mechanical properties of rubber toughened polypropylene composites

The influence of dispersed paint particles on the mechanical properties of rubber toughened PP was investigated. The matrix was basically a hybrid of PP, rubber and talc. Model systems with spherical glass bead filled matrix were also studied to examine the effect of filler shape and size. Properties like tensile strength, strain at break, impact strength, and fracture toughness were influenced by the dispersed inclusions. Tensile strength at yield decreased linearly according to Piggott and Leinder's equation. Strain at break decreased more drastically with paint particles than glass beads, revealing that irregularly shaped particles offered greater stress concentrations. The tensile strength and strain at break were less influenced by the size of paint particles whereas a slight decrease in the modulus values was observed with decreasing particle size. Impact strength and fracture toughness also decreased with increasing filler fraction. Lack of stress transfer between filler and matrix aided in reduction of impact strength. Decrease in fracture toughness was influenced by volume replacement and constraints posed by fillers. The size of paint particles had little effect on the impact strength and fracture properties at the filler concentration levels used in this investigation.     

The effect of filler loading and process route on the three-point bend performance of waste based composites

The three-point bend behaviour of polyester resin composites loaded with high volume fractions of recycled waste materials has been investigated to determine the effect of composition and processing route on performance.

Flyash powder and quarry waste were chosen as candidate fillers. Fillers were added either separately or combined. Three-point bend specimens were manufactured by conventional gravity mould casting, by degassing prior to casting or by vibration moulding. The addition of filler to the resin matrix resulted in a steady reduction in ultimate flexural strength from approximately 85 MPa for the pure resin to approximately 40 MPa for 50% filled material. As filler levels were increased above this level, the strength rapidly decreased. A corresponding increase in flexural stiffness with increasing filler amount was also evident.

For a given amount of filler, flexural strength decreased with increasing particulate filler size. The flexural modulus appeared to be unaffected.

The effect of matrix reinforcement on the performance of heavily filled (>75% by volume) polyester resin is also presented. Matrix reinforcement resulted in the production of high strength/high modulus materials with filler contents up to 75% and it is envisaged that these filler ratios can by further increased without a loss of flexural strength.     

Composites of Poly(Acrylate) Copolymer filled with diatomaceous earth: morphology and mechanical behaviour

Failure mechanisms of poly(acrylate) (PA) copolymer system filled with a diatom filler have been studied. The natural diatom filler is characterised by the original skeletal structure which allows high "inner" porosity and thus matrix penetration inside the filler particles and agglomerates of various shapes in PA composite. High diatom filler crystallinity influences the matrix re-structurization by changing the intensity ratio of matrix amorphous halos indicating the increased composite film inhomogeneity. Interactions at the interface between diatom filler and PA copolymer matrix, specially for coarse cylindrical-shaped particles are low, showing low adhesion in the composite. We see composite weakening with the increased filler volume fraction, i.e. lowering the composite strength at break as a consequence of lower degree of interactions. On the other hand, the composite modulus and the yield strength increased as a result of matrix hardening due to the pronounced matrix penetration inside the porous diatom filler. The mechanisms of failure depend on the location with the lowest product of composite module and break energy. Because dewetting occurred, it is the product EG in the interfacial region between PA matrix and diatom filler particles that was relevant. The effects of filler characteristics, may be followed through an interaction coefficients calculated from a model equations. The numerical values of coefficients in the model are only comparative, but the relative values can be connected with changes at the interface. Electronic Publication     

纳米碳酸钙粉末橡胶复合粒子增强增韧聚氯乙烯

以纳米CaCO₃浆料和丁苯胶乳、 羧基丁苯胶乳、 丁腈胶乳为原料, 采用共凝聚法分别制备了三种纳米CaCO₃-粉末橡胶复合粒子, 并制备了三种纳米CaCO₃-粉末橡胶/聚氯乙烯(PVC)复合材料, 系统研究了复合粒子含量对PVC力学性能的影响, 并探讨了复合粒子的增强增韧机制。结果表明: 复合粒子在PVC树脂中分散均匀, 复合粒子中的纳米CaCO₃粒子以"裸露态"和橡胶"包裹态"两种形式存在于PVC基体中; 三种复合粒子均能显著提高PVC的缺口冲击强度, 纳米CaCO₃-粉末丁腈橡胶(CaCO₃-NBR)能同时起到增强增韧的效果, 而纳米CaCO₃-粉末丁苯橡胶(CaCO₃-SBR)在提高缺口冲击强度的同时也损失了PVC原有的刚性, 使其弯曲模量和拉伸强度大幅度降低, 纳米CaCO₃-粉末羧基丁苯橡胶(CaCO₃-X-SBR)的改性效果鉴于前两者之间; 复合粒子与PVC基体的相容性是影响复合粒子增强增韧改性效果的决定性因素, 相容性好的复合粒子能同时起到增强增韧的效果。