一种改进的2×1-D维纳滤波器OFDM信道估计器

本文对OFDM系统中广泛应用的一种导频辅助的信道估计器-2×1-D维纳滤波器进行了改进,以ML信道估计代替了其中的频域滤波,并将改进的估计器与2×1-D维纳滤波器在IEEE 802.16e OFDM系统中的BER、MSE性能及计算复杂度进行了比较.仿真结果表明,在802.16e OFDM系统下,改进的估计器能够以较低的复杂度达到优于2×1-D维纳滤波器的性能.此估计器也可以应用于其他基于导频估计的OFDM系统.     

一种改进的2×1-D维纳滤波器OFDM信道估计器

本文对OFDM系统中广泛应用的一种导频辅助的信道估计器-2×1-D维纳滤波器进行了改进,以ML信道估计代替了其中的频域滤波,并将改进的估计器与2×1-D维纳滤波器在IEEE 802.16e OFDM系统中的BER、MSE性能及计算复杂度进行了比较。仿真结果表明,在802.16e OFDM系统下,改进的估计器能够以较低的复杂度达到优于2×1-D维纳滤波器的性能。此估计器也可以应用于其他基于导频估计的OFDM系统。     

OFDM系统中一种维纳LMS信道跟踪算法

结合OFDM系统的特点,该文讨论了维纳最小均方(WLMS)算法在OFDM系统中应用的可行性。推导了WLMS信道跟踪算法在OFDM系统中的频域表达式。利用信道响应的频域相关特性,在每一次迭代过程中叠加一个频域滤波器,使算法的性能得到提高。仿真结果表明,选择合适的步长,算法误符号率性能基本接近理想估计的性能界。     

一种衰落信道下OFDM信号的半盲检测算法

本文提出了一种衰落信道下OFDM信号的半盲检测算法。采用文献[1]为时变OFDM信道建立的2维非线性递归模型,本文利用稀疏的导频符号估计信道响应,并运用最短路径搜索原理寻找原始的发送序列。计算机仿真结果证明,该算法对OFDM信号进行了快速、准确的半盲检测。     

快变信道环境下OFDM频谱感知算法

针对基于慢变信道假设的认知无线电不适合高速移动场景的问题,提出一种基于广义似然比的OFDM频谱感知算法。利用OFDM信号自身相关性得到OFDM检测统计量,通过研究其统计分布特性得到OFDM广义似然比检测统计量,构建快变信道检测模型进行频谱感知。在原算法的基础上,用检测窗口的宽度近似替代检测统计量的方差,得到广义似然比的改进算法。仿真结果表明,两种感知算法在低信噪比、快变信道环境中都具有很高的认知度,而且改进算法对噪声和干扰还具有很好的鲁棒性。     

基于动态规划(DP)的信道模型变化检测

本文提出一种适用于快衰落信道结构的模型变化检测算法.针对信号包络幅值寻找信道模型发生突变的采样时间点,运用动态规划(DP)方法推导了快衰落信道的模型变化检测的理论表达式,构造了信道的变结构模型切换准则.理论分析和仿真实验表明结合幅值变化检测,可有效地找出模型变化采样时间点,并在这些时间点对信道进行模型切换,使估计器达到...     

两种OFDM调制实现方法的性能分析

将基于FFT变换和基于正交小波变换的OFDM调制系统都归结于用滤波器组来实现，分析了两种调制方法实现准确重建OFDM信号的充分条件；并在Raleigh频率选择衰落信道模型上对两种方法的误码率进行了MATLAB仿真。仿真结果表明：小信噪比时，正交小波变换误码率性能要优于FFT变换；而大信噪比时，FFT变换的误码率性能要优于正交小波变换。     

多普勒频移对预均衡OFDM系统的性能影响

研究了在多径瑞利衰落环境中,多普勒频移对二进制相位调制时分双工(TDD)预均衡正交频分复用 (OFDM)系统的误码率性能影响。给出了存在多普勒影响的幅度相位预均衡处理的误码率解析表达式,并进行了计算机仿真,仿真结果和理论分析相符。对于TDD预均衡OFDM系统,多普勒效应导致了信道的时变,并使预均衡处理产生误差,且随处理时延的增大,预均衡系数误差越大,由此影响了预均衡系统的性能。提出了采用维纳预测滤波器的方案以改善存在多普勒频移的预均衡OFDM系统的性能。     

一种基于改进卡尔曼滤波的无人机信道估计算法

主要研究用于无人机下行高速数据链路的信道估计算法,构建了包括正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)传输系统和无人机常用场景信道冲激响应模型的无人机通信系统。针对无人机通信系统快时变的信道特性,提出了一种基于改进卡尔曼滤波器的信道估计算法。仿真结果表明,该算法可以提高无人机信号估计精度,有效抵抗噪声干扰,并在计算量上有了一定的优化,提高了运行速度。     

WLAN OFDM系统信道估计技术

介绍了802．11a系统的信道估计技术，包括LS(最小平方)信道估计技术，维纳滤波器方法，以及它们的基本原理和主要算法．在802．11a系统的仿真平台上用LS和维纳滤波器方法分别对信道进行估计．仿真结果表明，对瑞利衰落信道，在相同的传输速率下，Wiener-Filter的信道估计比LS信道估计都有一定的性能提高。     

Performance Analysis of Multiband OFDM System Over Ultra Wide Band Channels Using Kalman Filter

In this paper a modified version of Saleh-Valenzuela (S-V) channel model has been proposed for Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) system and the performance has been estimated. In the proposed model, Poisson process has been modified for ray arrival rate and found that the proposed model is optimum for modeling ray arrival rate as compared to S-V model. Also Nakagami fading distribution has been considered in UWB channel model which suits for time varying multipath radio environment. The performance of the proposed channel model has been statistically analyzed over multiband OFDM by considering frequency domain channel estimation technique. The estimated coefficients have been tracked using Kalman filter technique and found that it gives more accurate prediction of channel coefficients as compared with Least Squares and Minimum Mean Square Estimation channel estimation techniques.     

基于滤波方法的OFDM信道估计研究

维纳滤波和卡尔曼滤波都是基于最小均方误差准则的滤波方法,本文主要研究这两种滤波方法在OFDM信道估计中的应用。为了跟踪频率选择性信道的变化,采用在OFDM系统中易于实现的梳状导频进行研究。传统的MMSE在统计意义上是最好的线性估计器,但是需要对矩阵求逆,是一种计算量较大,算法较复杂的方法。LMMSE是频域维纳滤波方法,其减小了MMSE的复杂度,但只适用于慢衰落信道,针对时变信道,本文提出卡尔曼滤波的信道估计方法,仿真结果表明,卡尔曼滤波的信道估计方法在时变信道中具有良好的性能。     

无线OFDM系统传输信道模型化参数检测

利用导频子载波时频相位相关性统计检测与QAM信号解映射判决误差统计，提出了一种适用于频域导频无线OFDM系统的传输信道模型化参数检测方案，包括信道最大多径时延、最大多普勒频率和信噪比检测；能够有效解决传统的OFDM信道估计算法通常按照最恶劣信道情况上限进行设计，以及基于MMSE准则最优信道估计器中信道先验信息统计运算复杂度高的缺陷；仿真结果表明，在低复杂度条件下可以有效获知当前传输信道模型参数的近似统计信息。     

双选择信道下OFDM系统中一种基于新Kalman滤波估计的Turbo均衡

在OFDM系统中,信道的快速时变性破坏了子载波间的正交性,从而导致子载波间干扰(ICI),降低了系统性能。该文针对双选择信道的时变特性,提出了一种新的Kalman滤波信道估计算法,将其应用于过采样的复指数基扩展模型(OCE-BEM),从而将一个OFDM符号周期内信道参数时变的问题转化为参数时不变问题,同时,将这种新的Kalman滤波器与基于ICI抑制的低复杂度LMMSE Turbo均衡器相结合,并辅以循环冗余码校验(CRC)控制算法迭代次数,从而不需要更多的导频符号,在保证算法性能的基础上,减小算法的计算时延和复杂度。理论分析和仿真结果表明,该文给出的方法在双选择信道下能够有效地跟踪信道变化并抑制ICI影响。     

OFDM系统中时变信道下信道估计方法的研究

为减少OFDM系统中子信道间干扰(ICI)的影响,分析了分段频域均衡方法、近似分段线性的相邻符号ICI消除方法和卡尔曼滤波方法等几种快衰落环境下的信道估计方法的优劣,在此基础上提出了一种基于梳状导频的卡尔曼滤波信道估计方法.对滤波的结果,利用信道的频域相关函数和估计误差的协方差矩阵,在频域进行最小均方误差意义上的优化.仿真结果表明,该方法具有良好的估计性能.     

Channel Estimation and LDPC Code Puncturing Schemes Based on Incremental Pilots for OFDM

In this letter, we propose a channel estimation algorithm based on incremental pilots. These are pilots additionally inserted after puncturing the modulated orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbols to enhance channel estimation performance without lowering bandwidth efficiency. A low‐density parity‐check code puncturing scheme is also proposed to prevent the performance degradation due to the codeword bit loss caused by punctured OFDM symbols.     

Robust channel estimation for OFDM systems with rapid dispersivefading channels

Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) modulation is a promising technique for achieving the high bit rates required for a wireless multimedia service. Without channel estimation and tracking, OFDM systems have to use differential phase-shift keying (DPSK), which has a 3-dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) loss compared with coherent phase-shift keying (PSK). To improve the performance of OFDM systems by using coherent PSK, we investigate robust channel estimation for OFDM systems. We derive a minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) channel estimator, which makes full use of the time- and frequency-domain correlations of the frequency response of time-varying dispersive fading channels. Since the channel statistics are usually unknown, we also analyze the mismatch of the estimator-to-channel statistics and propose a robust channel estimator that is insensitive to the channel statistics. The robust channel estimator can significantly improve the performance of OFDM systems in a rapid dispersive fading channel     

Error probability minimizing pilots for OFDM with M-PSK modulation over Rayleigh-fading channels

Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) with pilot symbol assisted channel estimation is a promising technique for high rate transmissions over wireless frequency-selective fading channels. In this paper, we analyze the symbol error rate (SER) performance of OFDM with M-ary phase-shift keying (M-PSK) modulation over Rayleigh-fading channels, in the presence of channel estimation errors. Both least-squares error (LSE) and minimum mean-square error (MMSE) channel estimators are considered. For prescribed power, our analysis not only yields exact SER formulas, but also quantifies the performance loss due to channel estimation errors. We also optimize the number of pilot symbols, the placement of pilot symbols, and the power allocation between pilot and information symbols, to minimize this loss, and thereby minimize SER. Simulations corroborate our SER performance analysis, and numerical results are presented to illustrate our optimal claims.     

基于BP神经网络的OFDM系统信道估计

针对正交频分复用(Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing,OFDM)系统中传统信道估计算法复杂度高或估计精度低的问题,给出一种基于反向传播(Back Propagation,BP)神经网络的信道估计方法.采用Simulink仿真工具构建OFDM信号采集平台,建立了基于BP神经网络的OFDM系统信道估计模型,并以均方误差和误码率为主要评价指标,分析了不同网络参数和导频数量对信道估计性能的影响.仿真结果表明,与传统信道估计算法相比,基于BP神经网络的信道估计算法可以提供更优的系统性能,而且可以减少导频数量,提高频带利用率.     

Kalman filter‐based channel estimation and ICI suppression for high‐mobility OFDM systems

The use of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) in frequency‐selective fading environments has been well explored. However, OFDM is more prone to time‐selective fading compared with single‐carrier systems. Rapid time variations destroy the subcarrier orthogonality and introduce inter‐carrier interference (ICI). Besides this, obtaining reliable channel estimates for receiver equalization is a non‐trivial task in rapidly fading systems. Our work addresses the problem of channel estimation and ICI suppression by viewing the system as a state‐space model. The Kalman filter is employed to estimate the channel; this is followed by a time‐domain ICI mitigation filter that maximizes the signal‐to‐interference plus noise ratio (SINR) at the receiver. This method is seen to provide good estimation performance apart from significant SINR gain with low training overhead. Suitable bounds on the performance of the system are described; bit error rate (BER) performance over a time‐invariant Rayleigh fading channel serves as the lower bound, whereas BER performance over a doubly selective system with ICI as the dominant impairment provides the upper bound. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.