层状地基中考虑桩端应力泡形扩散的单桩沉降计算方法

基于虚土桩模型,研究了桩端应力扩散效应对单桩沉降的影响.结合虚土桩模型和Boussinesq解,提出考虑桩端应力泡形扩散的应力泡形虚土桩模型来考虑桩端土对桩的支承作用;利用荷载传递法,对桩周土采用双折线模型,推导得到层状地基中考虑桩端应力泡性扩散的单桩沉降解析解;讨论了弹性极限位移、弹性抗剪切刚度系数、附加应力值等参数...     

能量桩群桩基础沉降特性分析

基于荷载传递法,考虑桩-桩相互作用并引入Pyke准则模拟桩-土界面上的加卸载行为,确定桩-土相互作用模型参数,从而建立能量桩双桩基础的沉降特性分析方法,并推广到能量桩群桩。通过与文献中实验数据的对比分析,验证了所提方法的可靠性。结合算例,利用该方法对在纯力学荷载、纯温度荷载以及热力耦合作用下的能量桩群桩基础沉降特性进行分析。结果表明:力学荷载作用下,群桩位移比随着桩顶荷载水平的增大而减小;温度荷载作用下,群桩桩顶位移方向一致;热力耦合作用下,群桩的桩顶位移情况与具体的桩顶荷载水平和桩身温度增量有关。在桩顶荷载较小时升温,可能会出现单桩桩顶上抬而群桩桩顶下沉的情况。     

A simplified approach for negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge

A simplified approach was proposed to analyze the negative skin friction calculation of special-shaped pile considering pile-soil interaction under surcharge. Based on the concentric cylinder shearing theory, considering the changes of pile shape（such as, taper angle and diameters of pile base, etc.）, the load-transfer of special-shaped pile was built. The accuracy of the developed simplified approach was verified by numerical simulation model with the same condition. Then, the influence factors, such as, taper angles, the diameter of pile base, surcharge, and pile-soil interface parameters were analyzed and discussed. The results show that the developed simplified approach can calculate NSF of special-shaped pile under surcharge effectively. A limited parametric study indicates that in many practical situations special-shaped piles（such as belled wedge pile shown in this work） offer a design option that is more economical than traditional uniform cross-section piles.     

Nonlinear calculating method of pile settlement

To study calculating method of settlement on top of extra-long large-diameter pile, the relevant research results were summarized. The hyperbola model, a nonlinear load transfer function, was introduced to establish the basic differential equation with load transfer method. Assumed that the displacement of pile shaft was the high order power series of buried depth, through merging the same orthometric items and arranging the relevant coefficients, the solution which could take the nonlinear pile-soil intera...     

Analytical method of load-transfer of single pile under expansive soil swelling

The elastic differential equations of load-transfer of single pile either with applied loads on pile-top or only under the soil swelling were established,respectively,based on the theory of pile-soil interaction and the shear-deformation method.The derivation of analytic solution to load-transfer for single pile in expansive soil could hereby be obtained by means of superposition principle under expansive soils swelling.The comparison of two engineering examples was made to prove the credibility of the suggested method.The analyzed results show that this analytic solution can achieve high precision with few parameters required,indicating its' simplicity and practicability in engineering application.The employed method can contribute to determining the greatest tension along pile shaft resulting from expansive soils swelling and provide reliable bases for engineering design.The method can be employed to obtain various distributive curves of axial force,settlements and skin friction along the pile shaft with the changes of active depth,vertical movements of the surface and loads of pile-top.     

群桩有限里兹单元法

介绍了群桩循环法、有限里兹单元法的循环法以及群桩模型的沉降、荷载传递和侧摩阻力计算,提出了群桩有限里兹单元法、对桩的刚度因子也作了研究,群桩有限里兹单元法是一种适合于计算实际群桩基础沉降的方法。本文就其正确性与前人工作作了比较分析。     

减沉桩基变形控制机理的案例分析

桩数沉降关系是按变形控制设计桩基础（减少沉降桩基础设计）的重要依据,受荷载大小、桩位布置和场地类别等多个因素共同影响。结合某工程现场实测数据,运用近似数值方法和平面应变有限元方法对2幢采用不同桩数的多层住宅桩筏基础进行计算分析,研究不同桩间距对地基压缩变形、基础内力和土体应力应变分布的影响,对桩数减少一半时基础沉降几乎没有变化这一问题给出合理解释。结果表明,作用于基础顶面的荷载水平越低,桩侧与桩端土层可压缩性差异越小,基础沉降量对桩数变化越不敏感。对于深厚软土地基中的低承台群桩基础,按变形控制进行桩基设计,能最大程度地节约基础用桩量,可获得十分显著的经济效益。     

考虑桩土共同作用的桩基沉降分析

目前桩基在工程中得到广泛应用,人们逐渐认识到桩筏基础控制的关键是变形而不是强度.结合上海土层情况,运用有限元软件ANSYS建立群桩-土-上部结构三维有限元非线性模型,土体本构模型采用Drucker-Prager弹塑性模型,并利用面-面接触单元考虑土体与桩基交界面的状态非线性,合理地模拟了桩与桩周土间复杂的相互作用,对群桩沉降做了定性分析。     

A computational method for post-construction settlement of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation considering soil creep effect

Based on reasonable assumptions that simplified the calculational model,a simple and practical method was proposed to calculate the post-construction settlement of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation by using the Mesri creep model to describe the soil characteristics and the Mindlin-Geddes method considering pile diameter to calculate the vertical additional stress of pile bottom.A program named CPPS was designed for this method to calculate the post-construction settlement of a high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.The result indicates that the post-construction settlement in 100 years meets the requirements of the engineering specifications,and in the first two decades,the post-construction settlement is about 80% of its total settlement,while the settlement in the rest eighty years tends to be stable.Compared with the measured settlement after laying railway tracks,the calculational result is closed to that of the measured,and the results are conservative with a high computational accuracy.It is noted that the method can be used to calculate the post-construction settlement for the preliminary design of high-speed railway bridge pile foundation.     

考虑桩身自重影响的超长桩屈曲分析

由于超长桩的桩身自重较大,其对超长桩稳定性有重要影响。已有的研究大多只考虑桩侧土抗力的影响,能同时考虑桩侧土抗力和桩身自重两个影响因素的超长桩屈曲荷载计算公式目前还很少报道。本文同时考虑桩侧土抗力和桩身自重的影响,通过选择合适的桩身挠曲变形函数及桩侧土弹性抗力模式,基于能量法给出了顶部有集中荷载、部分埋置于Winkler地基中超长桩的屈曲荷载和计算长度的解析表达。最后分析了桩侧土抗力和桩身自重对屈曲荷载的影响。结果表明桩侧土抗力是影响屈曲荷载的主要因素。当桩身埋置率(h/L)较低时,桩身自重对屈曲荷载的影响不容忽视;但随埋置率的增加,桩身自重对屈曲荷载的影响甚微。     

预应力混凝土管桩复合地基沉降计算方法研究

参照《建筑地基基础设计规范(GB5007-2002)》建议的刚性桩复合地基变形计算模型,对郑州某管桩复合地基实际工程进行了变形计算。通过实测结果和理论计算结果的对比分析,总结了适合郑州市郑东新区以粉质粘土、粉土为主,地下水位较浅的典型地质背景下的管桩复合地基沉降变形的一般规律。     

基于Ohde理论的群桩极限端阻力计算公式

为从理论上探讨群桩中桩-土-桩的相互作用,分析该作用对群桩端阻力形成机理的影响,以建立在压缩机理之上的适用于单桩端阻力分析的Ohde理论为基础,提出了无黏性土中群桩极限端阻力的计算模式,据此分别推导出了群桩中边桩和中桩的极限端阻力理论计算公式.该公式能够定量反映桩距、桩径、桩端的入土深度和桩端以下土层的物理力学性质等因素对极限端阻力的影响,计算得到的群桩极限端阻力随相对桩距(桩距与桩径之比)减小而增加的规律与模型试验的实测结果基本一致.     

考虑变形协调的刚性基础复合地基沉降计算

针对当前求解刚性基础下复合地基沉降变形时较少考虑桩土间变形协调的情况，在对若干试验结果分析的基础上，提出了刚性基础下复合地基桩侧摩阻力分布形状的假定，然后分别用荷载传递法、Mindlin解答和弹性力学解答分析了单桩模型中桩体和桩间土的沉降变形，通过桩顶位移变形协调条件建立了求解方程，编制了相应的计算程序，该方法可利用现场实测荷载～沉降曲线进行计算参数的优化反演，因此具有较强的实用价值。最后，用该法对某工程实例进行计算分析，计算结果和实测值吻合较好。     

饱和半空间层状土体中群桩动力响应分析(英文)

主要研究了轴向荷载作用下层状饱和土体中群桩的动力响应问题.基于Biot理论,利用传递、透射矩阵法(TRM)推导了竖向圆形荷载作用下层状饱和土体的频域基本解,再根据Muki方法,利用第二类积分方程构建了层状半空间与群桩相互作用的动力积分方程.通过与已知文献结果比较,验证了本方法的正确性.计算结果表明,在两层土中,桩间距较小的群桩,上部软土层的厚度对中心桩和边桩的差异较大,而对于疏桩,影响不大;对于三层饱和土体,中间夹层越硬,群桩的阻抗越大,反之,群桩的抗力越小.     

水泥土桩荷载传递性状的数值分析

根据位移协调理论,采用荷载传递函数法分析了竖向受荷下相关因素对水泥土桩荷载传递规律的影响。桩侧传递函数采用双曲线模型,以桩身轴力为迭代变量,进行迭代计算。为验证本文分析模型的有效性,对工程实例进行了数值计算,计算得到的水泥土桩荷载-沉降曲线与工程实测曲线基本吻合,尤其对于荷载水平较低的情况计算值与实测值误差更小。研究表明:较高的荷载水平能使桩体下部侧摩阻力充分发挥;增大弹性模量能使桩更容易将荷载传递到较深的土层中;侧摩阻力随长径比的增大而减小;而内摩擦角对水泥土桩荷载传递的影响不大。该研究结果对桩的设计和承载力的计算具有重要意义。     

黄土中低承台群桩承载性能的试验研究

根据两次模型群桩试验的结果，对黄土中群桩承台─桩─土共同作用做了分析，井提出了黄土中低承合群桩基础承载力的经验公式。     

楔形单桩与群桩非线性荷载-沉降曲线计算方法

为研究楔形单桩和楔形群桩的非线性荷载-沉降关系,根据楔形桩桩侧与桩端受力特点,假设桩侧和桩端的应力-沉降分别满足双曲线与双折线模型,同时考虑桩-土位移协调关系及土体分层特性,提出了楔形单桩在均质土和分层土中的荷载-沉降曲线计算方法.在此基础上,利用有限差分原理求解楔形桩相互作用的控制微分方程,得出了考虑楔形群桩相互影响的计算方法.进而,考虑楔形群桩之间的相互影响,依据承台性状不同分别提出了刚性和柔性承台下楔形群桩的荷载-沉降计算方法.本文方法预测结果与已有模型试验及现场试验结果对比表明:本文提出的计算方法能较好地计算均匀及分层土中楔形单桩和群桩的沉降.     

桩端土和桩侧土在荷载传递过程中的相互强化

通过模型试验和现场测试,对桩侧土和桩端土在荷载传递过程中的相互强化作用进行了研究,并对这种相互强化作用机理进行了深入的理论分析。研究发现:不但桩端土的强度对桩侧土的极限摩阻力的发挥具有强化作用,同样,桩侧土的强度对桩端的极限端阻力的发挥也具有强化作用。     

桩端土和桩侧土在荷载传递过程中的相互强化

通过模型试验和现场测试，对桩侧土和桩端土在荷载传递过程中的相互强化作用进行了研究，并对这种相互强化作用机理进行了深入的理论分析。研究发现：不但桩端土的强度对桩侧土的极限摩阻力的发挥具有强化作用，同样，桩侧土的强度对桩端的极限端阻力的发挥也具有强化作用。