静电纺丝法制备金纳米粒子/PVP复合纳米纤维

采用水合肼还原一定浓度氯金酸溶液的方法,在聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)作保护剂的乙醇/水溶液中,成功制备出粒度较小,且高度分散的金溶胶,紫外吸收光谱证实了溶液中金纳米粒子的存在.采用静电纺丝技术制备了AuNs/PVP复合纳米纤维.采用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)等分析手段对纤维的表面形貌等进行了表征.由扫描电镜...     

静电纺丝工艺对PVP/TEOS/硝酸盐复合纳米纤维成纤性状的影响

采用静电纺丝技术制备了PVP/[Sr(NO3)2+Mg(NO3)2+TEOS+Eu(NO3)2+Dy(NO3)2]复合纳米纤维,研究了不同静电纺丝工艺参数对其成纤性状的影响。结果表明:纤维的直径均随着电压、无机盐和PVP含量的增加呈现先减小后增大的趋势;随着纺丝液中无机盐含量的增加,纺丝液的黏度、表面张力和电导率均逐渐增大;随着PVP含量的增加,纺丝液的黏度、表面张力逐渐增大、电导率先减小后增大。SEM分析表明,当纺丝电压在13~15kV,纺丝液中无机盐含量为5%~6%,PVP含量为15%时,易获得形貌较好的复合纳米纤维。     

静电纺丝法制备PVP/PVDF复合微/纳米纤维

研究了不同条件下聚乙烯吡咯烷酮/聚偏氟乙烯(PVP/PVDF)的N,N-二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)溶液的静电纺丝.采用扫描电镜(sEM)观察不同条件下制备的PVP/PVDF复合微/纳米纤维的微观形貌,并利用傅立叶变换红外光谱分析(FT-IR)纤维结构特征.结果表明,当PVP:PVDF为6:4时,制得的PVP/PVDF复合微/纳米纤维较好.     

静电纺丝法制备LaMnO3微／纳米纤维

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮（PVP）为络合剂与Mn（CH3COO）2和La（NO3）3·6H2O反应制得前驱体，用静电纺丝法制备了PVP／Mn（CH3COO）2·La（N03）3纤维，经煅烧得到具有高比表面积的LaMnO3微／纳米纤维。并采用红外光谱（IR）、X射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电镜（SEM）等现代分析手段对所制备的纤维进行了表征。结果表明：焙烧后纤维的直径明显减小，在150-300nm之间：PVP特征吸收峰消失，新生成的M-O吸收峰随着焙烧温度的升高变强；XRD分析出现相应氧化物的特征峰，说明有LaMnO3的生成。     

羽毛角蛋白/PVA复合纳米纤维膜的制备及表征

以羽毛角蛋白(FK)和聚乙烯醇(PVA)为原料,水为溶剂,通过静电纺丝技术制备了FK/PVA复合纳米纤维膜。探讨了复合纳米纤维中FK与PVA的相容性,研究了FK的添加对纤维膜微观形貌、结晶度、热稳定性、亲水性等性能的影响。SEM结果表明,在聚合物总质量分数为14%的条件下制备的FK/PVA复合纳米纤维,表面平整光滑,平均直径为250~320nm,FK含量越大,直径越小。FTIR结果表明,FK与PVA具有良好的相容性,分子间存在氢键作用力。XRD结果表明,FK的加入破坏了PVA分子的规整排列,复合纳米纤维膜的结晶度下降。TG分析与接触角测试结果表明,随着体系中FK配比的增大,复合纳米纤维膜的热稳定性和亲水性均得到提高。     

MWNTs/PU复合微/纳米纤维的形态及力学性能

应用静电纺丝技术制备多壁碳纳米管/聚氨酯(MWNTs/PU)复合微/纳米纤维 , 将该复合纤维收集成无纺布薄膜 , 采用扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)和透射电子显微镜 (TEM)观察了纤维的微观形貌和结构 , 分别利用X射线衍射(XRD)和差示扫描量热法(DSC)测试了复合纤维的结晶行为及玻璃态转变温度 , 并测试了纤维薄膜的拉伸力学性能随 MWNTs含量的变化关系。结果表明 , 一定含量的 MWNTs能有效地分散于 PU 溶液中 , 并能成功地纺出 MWNTs/PU 复合微/纳米纤维。随 MWNTs在 PU 纤维中含量的增加 , 纤维的直径变细 , 复合纤维的玻璃态转变温度提高。在所研究的含量范围内 , 无纺布的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率随 MWNTs 含量的增加而有所增大。      

气流-静电纺丝法制备尼龙6纳米纤维

本文采用自行研制的气流-静电纺丝设备制备了尼龙6纳米纤维,其设备的改进主要在于在原有的立式静电纺丝机的喷丝头上增加了气流喷射系统。经过实验确定了最佳纺丝工艺参数:纺丝液质量浓度为13%,纺丝电压为16kV,纺丝距离为10cm,气流流量为8L/min。对比气流-静电纺丝与普通静电纺丝发现,采用气流-静电纺丝不仅能制备较细、均匀的纳米纤维,而且产量更高。     

静电纺PA6/CTS/LiCl纳米纤维膜的制备研究

采用静电纺丝技术制备聚酰胺6(PA6)/壳聚糖(CTS)/氯化锂(LiCl)纳米纤维膜,考察了CTS、PA6及LiCl添加量对纳米纤维膜形貌、直径分布的影响。通过场发射扫描电子显微镜、傅里叶变换红外光谱仪对纳米纤维膜的微观形貌及表面官能团进行分析。结果表明:在PA6添加量为1.8g、CTS添加量为0.3g、LiCl添加量为0.12g的条件下,纺丝效果最佳,纤维平均直径为103nm。傅里叶变换红外光谱分析表明PA6/CTS/LiCl纳米纤维膜具有PA6和CTS的特征吸收峰,PA6/CTS/LiCl纳米纤维膜有望作为滤膜材料使用。     

静电纺纳米粘土/亚麻复合纳米纤维的制备及表征

利用静电纺丝技术制备了纳米粘土/亚麻落麻复合纳米纤维,其中亚麻落麻纤维溶解在分散有纳米粘土的4-甲基吗啉-N-氧化物(NMMO)/水的混合体系中。探究了纳米粘土和亚麻落麻的浓度、纺丝条件对纺丝工艺的影响。采用光学显微镜、SEM、TEM、FTIR、XRD和TGA测试了复合纳米纤维的微观形貌、结构及热学行为。结果表明:亚麻纤维浓度为1%时,可纺制成丝,且纳米粘土的加入可有效地改善纤维的细度和均匀性;TEM测试结果表明:纳米粘土已成功附着在纳米纤维上,但分散性有待进一步提高;FTIR和XRD结果表明:纳米粘土成功附着在亚麻纤维中,且存在于亚麻纳米纤维和粘土/亚麻复合纳米纤维中的纤维素为纤维素II型结晶;TGA分析表明:纳米粘土的引入可显著提高亚麻纤维的热稳定性。     

ZnMn2O4微/纳米纤维的制备及其性能的研究

以聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为络合剂与醋酸锌〔Zn(CH3COO)2〕和乙酸锰(Mn(CH3COO)2)反应制得前驱体溶液,用静电纺丝法制备了PVP/Zn(CH3COO)2/Mn(CH3COO)2复合纳米纤维,经煅烧得到具有微孔结构的Mn掺杂ZnO微/纳米纤维。对所制备纤维分别采用差热-热重分析(TG-DTA)、红外光谱(IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段进行了表征。结果表明:PVP/Zn(CH3COO)2/Mn(CH3COO)2纤维表面光滑,直径约300～700nm,经煅烧后,可得到Mn掺杂ZnO微/纳米纤维,XRD测试表明煅烧后的无机纳米纤维呈ZnMn2O4晶相。     

PLLA/PVP共混静电纺丝形貌表征及性能研究

采用静电纺丝法制备了PLLA/PVP共混纤维膜,通过SEM、接触角表征了纤维膜的形貌以及亲水性能,同时测定了纤维膜的力学性能,探讨了共混液中PVP的比例对纤维膜形貌、亲水性能及力学性能的影响。结果表明:随着共混液中PVP比例的增大,PLLA的亲水性得到改善,但纤维的强力却迅速下降。当PVP的比例为40%和50%时,接触角接近零。SEM分析结果显示:纤维丝上孔的孔径和密度随着PVP比例的增大而发生改变。     

Ultrafine polyacrylonitrile/silica composite fibers via electrospinning

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/silica composite nanofibers, in the diameter of 200-300 nm, were prepared by a one-step electrospinning method. The PAN/silica nanofibers were characterized by SEM, TEM, ATR-FTIR and DSC. SEM and TEM images show that beads are formed and silica nanoparticles start to aggregate when the silica content is higher than 2 wt.% in nanofibers. ATR-FTIR spectra and DSC results indicate that there may exist interactions between silica nanoparticles and PAN. The addition of silica nanoparticles also changes the thermal properties of PAN/silica nanofibers.     

Preparation of PVP/MEH-PPV composite polymer fibers by electrospinning and study of their photoelectronic character

Ultrafine polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/poly[2-methoxy-5-(2′-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV) composite fibers were successfully prepared by electrospinning of PVP/MEH-PPV blend solutions in solvent mixtures of 1,2-dichloroethane/chlorobenzene. Composite polymer fibers with smooth surface were obtained using solutions in which MEH-PPV's concentration was 1.0 (wt.%). Compared with the MEH-PPV solution and bulk, PVP/MEH-PPV fibers show a significant blue shift, a stronger intensity of fluorescence and a higher surface photovoltage (SPV). The morphology of fibers has been characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and fluorescence microscopy.     

Enhanced the structure and optical properties for ZnO/PVP nanofibers fabricated via electrospinning technique

Zinc oxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone (ZnO/PVP) nanocomposite fibers with enhanced structural, morphological and optical properties were purposefully tailored using electrospinning technique. Meanwhile, ZnO nanoparticles (NPs),with particle size of ~50 nm, were synthesized using a co-precipitation method. The nanocomposite fibers were prepared by an electrospun solution of PVP containing ZnO NPs of 2, 4, 6 and 8 wt%. Evidently, the morphological, thermal and optical properties of the ZnO/PVP nanocomposite fibers were enhanced by dispersing ZnO NPs into PVP fibers. Typically, controlling the ZnO NPs content and their dispersibility (0–8 wt%) into PVP fibers result in improved the thermal stability (an increase of onset decomposition temperature by ~120 °C above pure PVP fibers) as well as the UV–Vis protection (reduction in UV transmission by 70%) and the photoluminescence properties (a sharp UV emission around 380 nm) Overall, based on the enhanced properties, the PVP/ZnO nanocomposite fibers can be considered a promise material in optoelectronic sensors and UV photoconductor.     

利用静电纺丝技术制备纳米黏土/聚乳酸复合纳米纤维与其表征

利用静电纺丝技术制备了纳米黏土/聚乳酸(PLA)复合纳米纤维,并将该复合纳米纤维收集成无纺布薄膜,采用SEM和TEM观察了复合纳米纤维的微观形貌和结构,分别利用XRD和TGA测试了复合纳米纤维的结晶行为及热学行为,并分析了复合纳米纤维薄膜的拉伸力学性能随纳米黏土含量的变化关系。结果表明:当PLA含量为10wt%、纳米黏土含量为1wt%、CHCl3与DMF体积比为3∶1溶剂条件下,所制备的纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的细度和均匀性均得到改善;XRD测试结果表明,纳米黏土成功附着在PLA中。TGA和力学测试结果表明,纳米黏土/PLA复合纳米纤维的热稳定性和力学性能相对于纯PLA纤维有较大幅度提高,当纳米黏土含量为1wt%时,其初始分解温度提高了60℃,拉伸强度、断裂伸长率和弹性模量分别提高了111.3%、74.9%和20.0%。     

Preparation and electrical characterization of polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers via electrospinning

We report on the preparation and electrical characterization of polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers. These composite nanofibers were prepared using a single solvent system via electrospinning process. The resultant nanofibers were well-oriented and had good incorporation of chitosan. Current-voltage (I-V) measurements revealed interesting linear curve, including enhanced conductivities with respect to chitosan content. The electrical conductivity of the polyamide-6/chitosan composite nanofibers increased with increasing content of chitosan which was attributed to the formation of ultrafine nanofibers. In addition, the sheet resistance of composite nanofibers was decreased with increasing chitosan concentration.     

Fabrication of magnetic-luminescent bifunctional composite nanofibers via facile electrospinning

Fe₃O₄/Eu(BA)₃phen/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) magnetic-luminescent bifunctional composite nanofibers have been successfully fabricated based on ferroferric oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles (NPs) and europium complexes Eu(BA)₃phen (BA = benzoic acid, phen = phenanthroline) via electrospinning technology. The as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy and vibrating sample magnetometry. The as-prepared Fe₃O₄/Eu(BA)₃phen/PVP composite nanofibers possess good fibrous morphology, and Fe₃O₄ NPs are evenly dispersed into nanofibers. Under the excitation of 274-nm ultraviolet light, Fe₃O₄/Eu(BA)₃phen/PVP composite nanofibers exhibit red emissions of predominant peaks at 592 and 616 nm, which are respectively attributed to the ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₁ and ⁵D₀ → ⁷F₂ energy levels transitions of Eu³⁺ ions. The optimum mass percentage of Eu(BA)₃phen to PVP is 15 %. The fluorescence intensity of composite nanofibers is decreased when more Fe₃O₄ NPs were added. The saturation magnetization is increased with the increase of Fe₃O₄ NPs, indicating that the magnetism of the composite nanofibers can be tuned by adjusting Fe₃O₄ NPs content. The magnetic-luminescent bifunctional composite nanofibers are expected to apply in the fields of cell separation and biological labeling imaging, etc.     

Bicomponent AgCl/PVP nanofibre fabricated by electrospinning with gel-sol method

A new series of poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) and silver chloride nanoparticles (AgCl) composite fibres have been synthesized by electrospinning and gel-sol technology. We used sol-gel process to prepare AgCl nanoparticles in the PVP solution, and then the solutions were electrospun to obtain AgCl/PVP composite nanofibres. The final products were thoroughly characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), which showed the formation of AgCl nanoparticles/PVP composite nanofibres.     

Preparation and electrochemical performances of LiFePO4/C composite nanobelts via facile electrospinning

LiFePO₄/C composite nanobelts were synthesized by calcination of the [LiOH + Fe(NO₃)₃ + H₃PO₄]/polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) electrospun nanobelts. PVP was used as the electrospinning template and carbon source. During the calcination, [LiOH + Fe(NO₃)₃ + H₃PO₄] were transformed to lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO₄) and PVP was decomposed into carbon. The morphology and properties of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) specific surface area analysis, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and galvanostatic charge–discharge measurements. The results indicate that the mean width of LiFePO₄/C composite nanobelts is 2.50 ± 0.33 μm, the average thickness is about 162 nm and the BET specific surface area is 19.4 m² g^?1. The addition of carbon does not affect the structure of LiFePO₄, but improves its electrochemical performances. At the current density of 0.2 C, the initial discharge capacity of LiFePO₄/C electrode is 123.38 mAh g^?1 and there is no obvious capacity fading after 50 cycles. The formation mechanism of LiFePO₄/C composite nanobelts was also proposed.