Preparation of self-supporting nickel targets from Ni, Ni and Ni

The investigation of the distribution of the fusion-barrier height by heavy-ion collisions requires thin self-supporting targets. To increase the accuracy of the measurement the thickness and homogeneity has to be known as precisely as possible.We prepared the self-supporting nickel foils out of the isotopes ⁵⁸Ni, ⁶⁰Ni and ⁶¹Ni. The resulting targets were between 75 and 105 μg/cm^² thick. The foils were produced on copper backing by electron-beam gun evaporation and by extracted ion-beam sputtering, both in high vacuum. To obtain self-supporting nickel foils the copper was removed by etching. We will discuss and compare both methods.     

纳米Ni和Ni/SiCp纳米复合材料的超塑性

研究了用电沉积方法制备的纳米Ni和Ni/SiCp纳米复合材料的超塑特性,在试验温度410℃和450℃,应变速率为8.3×10-4s-1～5×10-2s-1的条件下,纳米Ni和Ni/SiCp纳米复合材料均表现出超塑性.当温度为450℃、应变速率为1.67×10-2s-1时,在Ni/SiCp中获得最大延伸率为836%;在同样的温度下应变速率为1.67×10-3s-1时纳米Ni获得最大延伸率为550%.对超塑性变形后组织的分析表明,晶界滑移是主要变形机制,晶粒长大至亚微米/微米量级后,变形机制是位错协调晶界滑移和位错滑移塑性.     

Nanostructured Ni3Al layers and Ni3Al/Ni multilayers obtained by magnetron sputtering

Intermetallic Ni₃Al thin layers and Ni₃Al/Ni multilayers were deposited on a Si wafer by means of magnetron sputtering. The structure and morphology of the layers have been characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The polycrystalline films are textured in the (111) direction and have grain sizes below 20 nm. Superlattice reflections due to chemical order have been observed in the electron microscope. It is shown by x-ray diffraction that the multilayers grow coherently on the amorphous substrate.     

Ni and Ni/Pt filling inside multiwalled carbon nanotubes

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes are grown by microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition with CH4 and H2 as precursor gases. Ni and Ni/Pt electroplated layers are used as catalysts for the synthesis of the tubes. We observe that a very efficient filling of the tubes takes place with Ni. In some cases Ni/Pt filling is also observed inside the tubes. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) studies, coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray analyses of the tubes, indicate Ni nanorods with a highly symmetrical cylindrical structure. The diameter of the cylindrical nanorods is on the order of 40 nm, and their length is 660 nm. The nano area diffraction pattern of the nanorods reveals the cubic structure of nickel, and electron diffraction spots corresponding to (111), (200), (220) planes are evident. The lattice constant of Ni measured from the diffraction spots was found to be 0.347 +/- 0.0013 nm. This should be compared with 0.352 nm, the value of "a" in bulk Ni. The decrease in the lattice constant may be due to the strain experienced inside the tubes. Raman spectroscopy shows the typical signature of the tangential breathing mode present in the tubes at 1580 cm-1 that shifts to a new position when the C12 is replaced by 13C. The shift, however, is too small and is difficult to explain on the basis of mass difference. HRTEM experiments indicate the presence of Ni3C in the samples dominantly in the interfacial region.     

铝材表面Ni-MoS2自润复合镀层及其性能

采用扫描电镜、化学分析法和电化学方法，详细研究了阴极电流密度、镀液温度、镀液中MoS     

Magnetic Properties of Ni Nanoparticles and Ni（C） Nanocapsules

Structure and magnetic properties of Ni nanoparticles and Ni(C) nanocapsules were studied.The carbon atoms hardly affect the lattice of Ni to form Ni-C solid solution or nickel carbides.The large thermal irreversibility in zero-field-cooled and zero-field magnetization curves indicates magnetic blocking with a wide energy barrier.Saturation magnetization,remanent magnetization and coercivity of Ni(C) nanocapsules decrease with increasing temperature.magnetization,remanent magnetization and coercivity of Ni(C) nanocapsules decrease with increasing temperature.     

Sintering behaviour of Ti-2Ni and Ti-5Ni elemental powders

The effect of nickel powder additions (2 and 5 at.%) on the sintering behaviour of titanium powder has been investigated through the dilatometric sintering study. The sintering of titanium powder was found to be enhanced significantly and the activation energies were decreased with increasing nickel content. The sintering of Ti-2 at.% Ni system at lower temperature was found to be controlled by Ti-Ti and Ti-Ni solid state sintering, whereas inter-diffusion dominates in Ti-5 at.% Ni sintering. At higher temperatures, sintering was found to be controlled by mixed mechanisms, i.e. inter-diffusion, chemical reaction and transient liquid phase formation.     

建筑铝型材的表面电镀与性能研究

采用电镀技术在建筑用Al-Cu-Mg硬铝合金型材上制备了Ni涂层和Ni/GO涂层,对比分析了基材和涂层的显微形貌、硬度、耐蚀性能和耐磨性能。结果表明,铝合金表面涂层中未见气孔或者裂纹等缺陷,整体较为致密,Ni涂层的C和O原子质量分数和原子百分数都远小于Ni/GO涂层;表面镀Ni涂层和Ni/GO涂层都有助于提升表面硬度,Ni/GO涂层的硬度约为基材硬度的1.43倍;极化曲线和电化学阻抗谱测试结果表明,Ni涂层和Ni/GO涂层的耐蚀性能都优于基材,且Ni/GO涂层的耐蚀性最好;不同载荷作用下,Ni涂层和Ni/GO涂层的耐磨性能都优于基材,且Ni/GO涂层的耐磨性能最好。     

Ni 含量对SHS 法合成TiC-Ni 基金属陶瓷的影响

利用SHS 结合准热等静压(PH IP) 技术制备了TiC-Ni 基金属陶瓷, 理论分析和实验显示, 绝热温度T_ad和燃烧温度T c 随Ni 含量的增加而降低, 反应温度影响产物的组织形貌,Ni 含量的增加使合成的TiC 颗粒尺寸变小, 并且逐渐趋向于规则的球形。最后的产物均由TiC 和Ni 两相组成。产物的致密度随Ni 含量的增加逐渐提高, 硬度值随Ni 含量的变化而变化, 两种因素的作用使硬度值在Ni 含量为20% 时达到最大。     

Porous rod-like Ni2P/Ni assemblies for enhanced urea electrooxidation

The urea oxidation reaction has attracted increasing attention.Here,porous rod-like Ni2P/Ni assemblies,which consist of numerous nanoparticle subunits with matching interfaces at the nanoscale have been synthesized via a simple phosphating approach.Density functional theory calculations and density of states indicate that porous rod-like Ni2P/Ni assemblies can significantly enhance the activity of chemical bonds and the conductivity compared with NiO/Ni toward the urea oxidation reaction.The optimal catalyst of Ni2P/Ni can deliver a low overpotential of 50 mV at 10 mA·cm?2 and Tafel slope of 87.6 mV·dec?1 in urea oxidation reaction.Moreover,the constructed electrolytic cell exhibits a current density of 10 mA·cm?2 at a cell voltage of 1.47 V and an outstanding durability in the two-electrode system.This work has provided a new possibility to fabricate metal phosphides-metal assemblies with advanced performance.     

Microstructure of the native oxide layer on Ni and Cr-doped Ni nanoparticles

Most metallic nanoparticles exposed to air at room temperature will be instantaneously oxidized and covered by an oxide layer. In most cases the true structural nature of the oxide layer formed at this stage is hard to determine. As shown previously for Fe and other nanoparticles, the nature of the oxides form on the particles can vary with particle size and nature of the oxidation process. In this paper, we report the morphology and structural features of the native oxide layer on pure Ni and Cr-doped Ni nanoparticles synthesized using a cluster deposition process. Structural characterization carried out at the atomic level using aberration corrected high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) in combination with electron and X-ray diffractions reveals that both pure Ni and Cr-doped Ni particles exposed to air at room temperature similarly possesses a core-shell structure of metal core covered by an oxide layer of typically 1.6 nm in thickness. There exists a critical size of approximately 6 nm, below which the particle is fully oxidized. The oxide particle corresponds to the rock-salt structured NiO and is faceted on the (001) planes. XPS of O-1s shows a strong peak that is attributed to (OH)-, which in combination with the atomic level HRTEM imaging indicates that the very top layer of the oxide is hydrolyzed.     

A nanoindentation study on Al3Ni interface of Ni reinforced aluminum-silicon composite

Aluminum-silicon (AlSi) composite reinforced with 20 wt% Ni particulates was produced by hot pressing and characterized using nanoindentation. Energy dispersive spectrometry and X-ray diffraction analyses showed that Al₃Ni intermetallic was formed in the interface between Ni particulates and AlSi matrix. Chemical composition, hardness, and elastic modulus were studied along the interface from inner (near Ni) to outer (near AlSi) regions. A uniform composition was found throughout the interface, having 805.6 HV hardness and elastic modulus of 185.4 GPa. Interface properties have a crucial influence on the composite performance and their assessment is of paramount importance on composite properties estimation using predictive models.     

纳米Ni粉对WC-8Ni硬质合金性能的影响

将WC-8Ni硬质合金中的粘结剂用不同比例的纳米镍Ni粉替代,采用常规硬质合金的工艺制备出合金试样,测试其物理力学性能,研究不同比例的纳米Ni粉及不同的烧结温度对合金性能的影响.结果表明,在适当比例的纳米镍粉及烧结温度下,合金的性能得到很大的提高.     

Single-crystalline Ni2Ge/Ge/Ni2Ge nanowire heterostructure transistors

In this study, we report on the formation of a single-crystalline Ni(2)Ge/Ge/Ni(2)Ge nanowire heterostructure and its field effect characteristics by controlled reaction between a supercritical fluid-liquid-solid (SFLS) synthesized Ge nanowire and Ni metal contacts. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies reveal a wide temperature range to convert the Ge nanowire to single-crystalline Ni(2)Ge by a thermal diffusion process. The maximum current density of the fully germanide Ni(2)Ge nanowires exceeds 3.5 × 10(7) A cm(-2), and the resistivity is about 88 μΩ cm. The in situ reaction examined by TEM shows atomically sharp interfaces for the Ni(2)Ge/Ge/Ni(2)Ge heterostructure. The interface epitaxial relationships are determined to be [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text]. Back-gate field effect transistors (FETs) were also fabricated using this low resistivity Ni(2)Ge as source/drain contacts. Electrical measurements show a good p-type FET behavior with an on/off ratio over 10(3) and a one order of magnitude improvement in hole mobility from that of SFLS-synthesized Ge nanowire.     

Bonding Strength of Ni/Ni3Al Interface with Different Lattice Misfit

The interfacial binding covalent bond density (CBD) and the local environmental total bond order (LTBO) of the Ni/Ni3Alinterface with different lattice misfits (δ) were calculated by using first-principles discrete variation Xα method. It was foundthat     

Raman study of Ni and Ni silicide contacts on 4H- and 6H-SiC

Ni₂Si, NiSi and NiSi₂ contacts were prepared on n-type 4H- and 6H-SiC(0001) by deposition of Ni and Si multilayers in the respective stoichiometry after high-temperature annealing, as well as pure Ni contacts. After annealing, the individual contacts were analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and electrical property measurements. Contact structures were then etched-off and subsequently observed by means of AFM (Atomic Force Microscopy). Ni reacted with SiC, forming Ni₂Si and carbon. At Ni_xSi_y/SiC contact structures the respective silicides were already formed at low annealing temperatures, when only Schottky behavior of the structures was observed. The intended silicides, once formed, did not change any further with increasing annealing temperature. All contact structures provided good ohmic behavior after being annealed at 960 °C. By means of combined AFM and Raman analysis of the etched-off contacts we found that the silicide contact structures very probably did not react with SiC which is in accordance with the thermodynamic assumptions. After annealing the silicide contact structures at such temperature, when Schottky behavior changed to ohmic, a certain form of interaction between the SiC substrate and the silicide contact structures must have occurred.