一种适用于SF-OFDM系统的波束形成技术

在正交频分复用（OFDM）系统中使用空频传输分集是未来宽带无线通信中的重要技术。由于在各个终端采用多天线进行收发，导致使用空频-OFDM（SF-OFDM）传输分集的系统受到增强的共信道干扰（CCI）。本文提出了一种适用于SF-OFDM系统的波束形成方案，该方案能有效的抑制共信道干扰。在该方案中，基于盲转向的波束形成被应用于SF-OFDM系统中。分析和仿真结果表明，该方案具有良好的共信道干扰抑制能力。此外，该方案能够利用不同波达角（DOA）信号间的相对时延来增强系统性能。     

一种基于OFDM的空频码的设计

提出了一种基于OFDM达到最大可达分集增益的空频码设计方案。该编码利用正交频分复用把频率选择性衰落信道变换成平衰落信道的特性，同时引入了基于多天线的空间分集和基于时延扩展的频率分集，比空时编码具有更高的分集增益。     

增加时间分集的空时编码OFDM系统

提出了一种改进的空时编码正交频分复用(OFDM)系统,在经典的Alamouti空时编码的OFDM系统中增加了时域分集.在接收端运用等效信道的原理,使信道均衡过程容易实现.仿真选择低复杂度的MMSE信道均衡算法分别进行信道均衡,并比较它们的性能.仿真结果表明,该结构配合合适的均衡算法,系统的时间分集和空间分集能够被有效地利用,从而可以提高和稳定系统在高速移动信道环境下的性能.     

基于频率分集阵列的波束形成研究

传统的相控阵列通过在每个阵元的输出接入移相器进行波束方向变换,通过调整移相器的相位范围,实现空域的波束扫描。频率分集阵列通过在每一阵元输出引入频率偏差,从而得到与传统相控阵不同的波束特性。文中对频率分集阵列的波束特性进行了详细的分析,提出了频偏相关波束概念,论证了频率分集阵列波束在空/ 时/ 频域扫描的等效性。仿真结果进一步验证了频率分集阵列的波束特性。     

基于子载波提取的OFDM无源雷达频率分集方法

为了解决当前正交频分复用(OFDM)无源雷达波束形成无法对分布于同一角度不同距离处的目标信号进行区别处理的问题,提出了一种基于回波信号子载波提取的频率分集新方法。通过对接收阵列不同通道OFDM数据提取不同频率的子载波信号并独立地进行处理,使得接收端波束图具有距离-角度依赖性,从而可实现对同一角度内不同距离处的目标分别处理,同时分析了不同频率分集处理参数对波束图性能的影响。该频率分集处理方式可以提高距离维信号处理自由度,使得接收波束能量可聚焦于期望目标点处从而提升雷达目标检测、定位和杂波抑制等性能。仿真分析表明OFDM无源雷达回波信号经频率分集处理后可获得点状波束图,并通过实测数据分析验证了该方法的有效性与实用性。     

OFDM系统中时域和频域波束形成的比较

正交频分复用(OFDM,Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex)和智能天线的结合能够有效的提高频谱利用率和增大系统容量。在OFDM系统中,智能天线的算法有两种:时域(Pre-FFT)波束形成和频域(Post-FFT)波束形成算法。Post-FFT被普遍认为性能上优于Pre-FFT。研究了这两种算法,并基于Matlab仿真工具,给出了两种方法在不同天线阵元数、导频数、信道多径数下的误码率比较。仿真结果表明,时域波束形成和频域波束形成在不同情况下各能展现出优于对方的表现。     

基于子空间分解的OFDM信道盲辨识

该文提出一种基于子空间分解的正交频分复用(OFDM)信道的盲辨识算法,将OFDM信号等效为单输入多输出的过采样信号,采用过采样信号的循环稳态特性和子空间分解方法估计信道参数,算法不需要任何训练序列和周期性的引导信号,实现了0FDM信道的盲辨识。对于宽带OFDM移动通信系统,通常子信道数较大,信道响应持续时间短于0FDM符号周期,因此,可以将整个系统分为若干个子系统,各子系统分别进行信道辨识,能有效地降低信道估算的复杂性。     

瑞利衰落下的空时频(STF)分组编码OFDM系统

基于正交频分复用(OFDM)系统，提出了一种发射分集方案——比特交织空时频(BI—STF)分组编码。其基本思路是：应用子载波分群方法并选择合适的系统参数，将OFDM系统转化成分群OFDM(G-OFDM)，对每个群分别进行空时频分组编码(GSTFBC)；在编码比特被重组和映射成GSTF分组编码前进行合理的比特交织，并按一定的规则分配给各个单群子载波进行酉星座旋转(CR)预编码。随后讨论了该方案的频谱利用率和成对错误概率(PEP)。仿真结果表明，同其它编码方案相比，提出的方案能在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道下获得最大的空间分集和频率分集增益，且只有较低的解码复杂性。     

空时码在频率选择性信道下的编码方案及性能比较

利用空时编码可以获得空间分集,空时码与OFDM结合可以使空时码应用于频率选择性信道。分析和比较了两种空时编码在频率选择性信道下OFDM相结合的编码方法。计算机仿真结果显示了不同信道条件下两种编码方法的性能差异。     

基于训练序列的发射分集OFDM系统的空时子空间幅度跟踪信道估计

该文将基于训练序列的发射分集正交频分复用(OFDM)系统视为一个多时隙系统,利用空时信道空间(波达方向)子空间和时延子空间慢变的特点,将空时信道多时隙估计技术应用到发射分集OFDM系统中,并根据衰落幅度快变的特点提出了使用自适应滤波技术的空时子空间幅度跟踪信道估计算法,明显提高了系统的信道估计精度。该文对各种算法的跟踪性能进行了仿真和分析比较。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks