星载微波ERS-1和多通道SSM/I观测冰雪的相关性和多层随机介质的数值模拟

该文研究了星载微波ERS－1散射计和多通道SSM／I辐射计在格陵兰岛、西伯利亚和阿尔卑斯山等地观测到的后向散射和热辐射数据，论证了同一地区同一时间段内ERS主动散射计和SSM／I被动辐射计观测数据的相关性。用冰雪覆盖区域的主被动遥感数据的比较，阐述了主被动联合多通道分析方法有利于监视和分析复杂地表在时间和空间尺度上的变化。该文用多层强起伏随机介质的后向散射模拟ERS数据，用多层密集散射粒子介质的辐射传输模拟SSM／I数据。讨论了后向散射与热辐射数值模拟结果的相关性，以及与星载微波遥感器实际观测结果的比较。     

光与雷达遥感协作及其农业应用

用遥感影像提取农作物信息是精细农业的基础.传统的光学遥感局限于大气无云的优质影像,而微波遥感在提取农作物信息方面尚未得到充分的利用.寻找一种能够克服这些局限的农作物遥感信息提取的方法是有意义的.探讨了一种光和雷达遥感协作的方法,并应用于土壤和植被信息的提取,验证其应用潜力.用Karam等(1992)的微波散射模型,并作了相应修改:1)考虑粗糙地表面后向散射;2)光学遥感作为模型变量直接输入.将这种协作方法应用到两个数据集的处理,一个来自亚利桑那Maricopa农业中心,一个来自日本国家农业-环境科学协会的Tsukuba试验基地.这些数据包括一些实测的土壤和植被的数据以及陆地卫星Landsat和欧洲遥感卫星ERS遥感影像.结果初步表明雷达影像和光学影像在提取土壤和植被信息时可以有效地结合起来,在特定地方的农业管理中有着较好的应用前景.     

星载微波ERS—1和多通道SSM／I观测冰雪的相关性和多层随机介质的 …

该文研究了星载微波ＥＲＳ－１散射计和多通道ＳＳＭ／Ｉ辐射计在格陵兰岛、西伯利亚和阿尔卑斯山等地观测到的后向散射和热辐射数据，论证了同一地区同一时间内ＥＲＳ主动散射计和ＳＳＭ／Ｉ波动辐射计观测数据的相关性。用冰雪覆盖区域的主被动遥感数据的比较，阐述了主被动联合多通道分析方法有利于监视和分析复杂地表在时间和空间尺度上的变化。该文用多层强起伏随机介质的后向散射模拟ＥＲＳ数据，用多层密集散射粒子介质的辐射     

遥感、遥测、遥控

TP7 2005011555光与.达遥感协作及其农业应用/齐家国,王翠珍,张任铎,高伟,曹广真(复旦大学)It电波科学学报一2004,19(4)一399一404用遥感影像提取农作物信息是精细农业的基础.传统的光学遥感局限于大气无云的优质影像,而微波遥感在提取农作物信息方面尚未得到充分的利用.寻找一种能够克服这些局限的农作物遥感信息提取的方法是有意义的.探讨了一种光和雷达遥感协作的方法,并应用于土壤和植被信息的提取,验证其应用潜力.用K aram等(1992)的微波散射模型,并作了相应修改.1)考虑粗糙地表面后向散射;2)光学遥感作为模型变量直接输入.将这种协…     

一种三维森林场景极化SAR数据的快速模拟方法

该文提出了一种针对3维森林场景极化SAR数据模拟的快速模拟方法,解决了由于散射粒子数量巨大导致SAR回波模拟过程难以应用于大范围、高密度3维森林场景的问题。该方法通过将3维森林场景划分为子场景、场景块和场景带,构造出一系列虚拟散射粒子,在斜距误差较小的前提下将多个真实散射粒子对SAR回波信号的综合贡献用单个虚拟散射粒子等效,从而达到降低散射粒子数量,提高SAR回波信号模拟效率的目的。该文推导了3维森林场景切分各控制参数之间的被约束关系,分析了各参数的误差敏感度,得到了模拟精度和效率的优化组合准则。2.5105 m2阔叶林场景的数据域相关性验证表明,该文提出的方法相比传统方法在保持较高模拟精度的前提下可以将模拟效率提高1个数量级。1.0106 m2阔叶林场景的森林高度反演结果表明了该方法进行大范围森林场景SAR遥感数据模拟的有效性。     

蒙特卡罗方法模拟水云对偏振激光雷达的多次散射去极化

利用激光雷达探测水云的光学和微物理特性时,水云的多次散射会在雷达回波中产生去极化信号,给出了半解析蒙特卡罗方法模拟偏振激光雷达后向散射去极化率的详细过程,给出了0.532μm激光作为光源入射时,典型水云的后向散射Muller矩阵二维分布图,以及水平线偏振、垂直线偏振、+45°线偏振和右旋圆偏振光入射时,后向散射的Stokes矢量的二维分布图,最后给出了去极化率和极化率随激光雷达接收视场角以及穿透深度的变化。从数据结果可以看出,接收视场角越大,多次散射的影响越大。给出的蒙特卡罗模拟方法对利用激光雷达遥感反演水云和球形气溶胶的特性具有重要的应用价值。     

FM-CW制式陆基微波散射计与IEM模型联合反演地表土壤湿度研究

本文利用FM-CW制式的陆基微波散射计对裸土进行了后向散射系数的测量,利用IEM模型对土壤的湿度及表面粗糙度进行了反演,并将反演结果与实地测量结果进行了比较研究.研究表明,通过多角度微波后向散射测量可以较为准确的确定表层土壤的湿度,而用光学方法进行的地表粗糙度的实地测量结果与反演结果相差较大,反映了微波频段的电磁波对地表具有的穿透作用.文中还对测量中存在的误差进行了较为详细的分析.     

遥感试验数据确定大气气溶胶类型的方法研究

以太湖为研究区,通过水面光谱实验采集,地基太阳光度计大气测量,和当天的MODIS遥感影像,联合遥感太湖地区的大气光学特性,提出了一种实验确定气溶胶类型的方法.通过与卫星影像准同步的地面光谱和太阳光度计试验,利用辐射传输模式6S,变化气溶胶类型各组分,建立关于星上辐射的查找表,并利用定义的相对误差参量,在其总误差最小时确定气溶胶类型.将其用于改进后的Mie散射程序来计算大气气溶胶粒子群包括偏振散射相函数等的光学特性,并用于太湖地区大气气溶胶光学厚度的反演中,所得结果参考CE318实测值,反演精度有了较大的提高.该研究方法与结果可为大气气溶胶光学特性计算,大气辐射传输方程,气溶胶光学厚度反演,卫星数据大气校正等遥感应用提供支持.     

卷云消光后向散射比的激光雷达测量

高层卷云对天气和气候有着重要的影响,其消光后向散射比是它的一个重要光学特性.假设卷云上方和下方没有气溶胶,只有大气分子,由激光雷达信号就可反演出卷云的透过率和光学厚度,进而算出卷云的消光后向散射比.对美国汉普顿大学的532 nm通道激光雷达测量的卷云数据进行了分析,数据采集期间从2007年1月至10月,共选取了光学厚度在0.08～1.5之间的798组卷云数据.计算结果表明:卷云高度主要分布在7～13.5 km之间;卷云消光后向散射比平均值为21.4 sr,月季特征并不很明显,概率分布呈现出正态分布特征;光学厚度的概率分布函数说明大部分为薄卷云.     

遥感、遥测、遥控

TP7 2010021807冬小麦后向散射特性的测量分析与模拟研究/陈彦,徐春亮,贾明权,芦海平,刘增灿,童玲(电子科技大学自动化工程学院)//电子科技大学学报.―2009,38(5).―707～711.利用L、S、C、X等4波段陆基微波散射计对冬小麦后向散射系数进行     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks