爆炸荷载作用下夹芯板的动力响应研究

为了得到夹芯板在爆炸荷载下的动力响应,采用试验、能量法和有限元分析方法对其进行研究.首先,介绍一种可用于夹芯板抗爆性能研究的试验系统装置及其试验结果;其次,将夹芯板的变形过程分为3个阶段,假定夹芯板通过芯材的压缩变形、面板的拉伸和弯曲消耗爆炸荷载作用到夹芯板上的能量,通过能量平衡方程得到夹芯板的变形量;最后,采用有限元...     

输电塔在断线荷载作用下的动力响应

目前,许多有关输电塔在断线荷载作用下的响应分析,都假定多根导线同时断裂,然而大多数情况下多根导线并不是同时断裂的。针对这个问题,本文采用有限元分析方法,对导线同时断裂和不同时断裂所引起的动力响应进行了分析计算,得到了不同情况下输电塔的动力响应规律。结果表明,导线断裂存在时间差时所引起的动力响应,比导线同时断裂引起的动力响应更加剧烈。然而,目前施行的杆塔设计规范,将断线荷载视为静力荷载,并未考虑断线荷载引起的动力效应,望本文内容可以为现行规范提供参考。     

季节性冻土区铁路路基动力响应模拟

为了研究列车荷载作用下季节冻土区铁路路基的动力响应规律,采用ABAQUS有限元软件建立京哈铁路路基模型,平衡初始地应力,并以此为基础,对单次列车荷载以及长期列车作用下的高铁路基进行动力响应数值模拟分析。结果表明,在单次列车、列车长期荷载作用下,对比不同时期路基的位移场、应力场变化情况,得出季节性冻土区夏季温度较高时,单次列车荷载下路基表面竖向位移、速度、加速度、应力值均大于冬季,在相同深度处各值的衰减程度也大于冬季;同一时期单次列车荷载与列车长期荷载分别作用下,单次列车荷载作用下的路基竖向位移与应力等值大于列车长期荷载作用下的结果。     

爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱的动力响应与破坏模式

在爆炸荷载作用下,钢筋混凝土构件和结构的动力响应较之地震荷载和静态荷载作用下要复杂得多。运用有限元显式动力分析软件LS-DYNA,建立了典型钢筋混凝土柱的三维有限元模型,该模型对钢筋混凝土采用分离式建模,并且考虑了材料的应变率效应和钢筋与混凝土间的粘结滑移。在该有限元模型的基础上,通过对爆炸荷载作用下钢筋混凝土柱动态响应的数值模拟,研究了钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下可能的破坏模式及其规律。同时,运用参数化分析方法,研究了截面惯性矩、混凝土轴心抗压强度、纵筋配筋率和配箍率等参数对钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下的动态响应的影响,在数值模拟结果的基础上,分析提出了钢筋混凝土柱抗爆设计时应当注意的问题。研究结果表明:在爆炸荷载作用下,钢筋混凝土柱的破坏模式不仅和自身的特性有关,还取决于爆炸荷载的类型。提高柱截面惯性矩和混凝土轴心抗压强度,能够显著降低钢筋混凝土柱在爆炸荷载作用下的柱中水平位移,从而提高其抗爆性能。增加配箍     

地震荷载作用下绵茂公路高边坡动力响应及稳定性

结合在建的四川绵茂公路高边坡,采用有限元—无限元耦合动力分析法,以512汶川波为地震荷载输入,研究了由不同岩土体材料组成的公路高边坡在地震荷载作用下的动应力、动位移及加速度响应特征,同时利用强度折减法分析了边坡在极限稳定状态下应力及应变分布状况,确定了边坡在地震力作用下的潜在不稳定区域.为绵茂公路及类似工程的边坡的治理措施提供参考.     

爆炸荷载作用下钢结构的动力响应与破坏模式

采用对空气扩散有限制的典型爆炸超压模型,考虑应变速率和损伤累积效应对钢材的影响,应用ABAQUS有限元分析软件,对钢柱和平面钢框架在爆炸荷载作用下的动力响应和破坏模式进行了数值模拟和分析。结果表明:采用Johnson-Cook本构模型以及考虑损伤累积效应的失效准则,可以有效地模拟钢结构在爆炸荷载作用下的动力反应;降低柱顶集中荷载或者减小柱长度,可以有效地提高钢柱在爆炸荷载作用下的承载能力;在爆炸荷载作用下,钢柱产生不可恢复的塑性变形而丧失承载能力,是平面钢框架发生整体倒塌的主要原因。     

地冲击荷载作用下等跨正交洞室动力响应研究

交叉洞室是地下防护工程常见的结构形式,它的安全稳定性能直接控制着整个防护工程的服役性能。通过数值模拟方法研究了典型等跨正交洞室在地冲击荷载作用下交叉区域的动力响应。研究表明,相同荷载、埋深和跨度条件下,交叉洞室的变形和破坏范围明显大于单向洞室;随着地冲击荷载峰值的增加,衬砌直墙交叉部位逐渐形成两个中心对称的V型相交塑性带,且衬砌拱脚和直墙底部逐渐屈服;随着洞室跨度的增加,交叉部位拱顶沉降量增量和圆拱最大质点速度逐渐增加,跨度较小时破坏主要集中在直墙部位,跨度较大时破坏主要集中在拱顶部位;地下洞室交叉部位的影响范围长度为距离交叉中心1.6倍的洞室跨度,交叉部位拱脚和直墙底部是受力薄弱部位,建议局部加厚支护,提高洞室的稳定性。     

移动荷载下正交各向异性地基无限大板的动力响应

以薄板理论和弹性动力学理论为前提,以位移分量为基本未知量,建立了直角坐标系下的移动谐振荷载作用下正交各向异性地基上覆无限大弹性板的力学模型和动力微分方程;然后用坐标变换和Fourier积分变换,且引入边界条件,推导了移动荷载作用下无限大板的挠度和薄板与地基之间的接触应力的积分形式解。基于推导的理论方法,编制了相应的计算程序,并对薄板表面作用线性谐振荷载问题进行了算例分析,验证了方法的正确性。最后,对移动谐振荷载作用下公路路面板的动力响应进行了参数分析,研究了土体参数、板参数、荷载速度、荷载频率对其影响规律。结果表明:土体的各向异性、板厚、板的弹性模量、荷载移动的速度和振动频率对板动力响应影响很大。     

多跨连续曲线梁在移动荷载下的动力响应

在对多跨曲线梁在移动荷载下动力响应的控制微分方程进行无量纲化处理、转换后,采用Ｒａｌｅｉｇｈ－Ｒｉｔｚ法对无量纲化方程进行解耦简化,得到以广义挠度和广义扭转角为未知量的运动微分方程。采用Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔ－ｉｃａ ３．０软件对所得到的方程进行求解,首次得到此问题的理论解。计算结果与试验结果比较证明此方法正确、可靠。     

高速列车荷载下地下结构动力响应分析

以济南西客站站台下的地铁隧道为研究对象,重点研究高铁荷载作用下地下结构的动力响应。列车高速移动时伴随着振动,所以既要考虑荷载的移动,也要考虑荷载的振动。首先应用移动问题有限元方法计算移动放大系数,然后应用ABAQUS软件分析振动荷载作用时高铁站台下地铁隧道的动力响应,并给出了一些数值算例。     

On the dynamic response of sandwich panels with different core set-ups subject to global and local blast loads

The recent increase in blast and impact threats has led to an emerging interest in sandwich structures due to their superior performance in such loading environments. The optimised architecture of this class in conjunction with additional benefits of high strength-to-weight and stiffness-to-weight ratios vital to weight-sensitive military applications has led to numerous research works on the topic. In this study, the dynamic response of four circular sandwich panel constructions with different core designs under global and local blast loading conditions has been investigated. Numerical finite element (FE) models have been set up to study the effect of additional core interlayers on blast resistance enhancement of these sandwich panels. The objectives are (1) to assess the existing blast resistance capacity, (2) to increase the dynamic energy absorption, (3) to improve the stress distribution through plastic deformation, and (4) to ensure sacrificial damage to the additional core layers; hence, to avoid the main part of the core being damaged by excessive shear deformation, the dominant failure mode in conventional sandwich panels. A ductile elastomeric layer of polyurea, and a fairly compressible Divinycell-H200 foam layer have been selected as the additional core interlayers, and they have been placed in different arrangements to improve the overall blast resistance of the standard sandwich panel with glass-fibre-reinforced plastic (GFRP) face-sheets, and balsawood core. Dynamic explicit FE analyses were carried out using the commercial package ABAQUS 6.9-1. Comparison of specific kinetic and strain energies shows the effect of additional core layers on the blast energy absorption of a sandwich system. The study shows the improvement in shear failure prevention of the core as a result of the use of additional core layers and a reduction in the level of kinetic and strain energies in the protected core in both absolute and relative terms. The stress contours show a smoother stress distribution in enhanced cases. These conclusions are confirmed and explained by using a qualitative two-degree-of-freedom system with an elastic-viscoplastic spring element representing the integral effects of sacrificial additional core interlayers and a nonlinear spring representing the stiffness of the conventional sandwich system and comparing the results of dynamic analysis with a similar qualitative single-degree-of-freedom model of a conventional sandwich panel.     

钢筋混凝土水塔流固耦合动力响应分析

针对某实际工程,研究了塔体结构与水体的流固耦合力学模型。建立了考虑流固耦合作用的水塔结构力学分析有限元模型,采用ANSYS软件对水塔自振频率特性和地震时程反应下的位移响应进行了计算分析。计算结果表明：水体的晃动会影响结构的自振频率;水塔自身刚度愈大,动水压力对频率影响愈小;水塔储水深度增大,自振频率下降较快。水体的晃动可以减小地震影响下的塔体的位移反应。     

基于光纤光栅的预应力碳纤维板实桥加固荷载试验研究

为了研究光纤光栅预应力碳纤维板在实桥加固工程中的应用以及其与混凝土之间的工作机理,以山东省境内某座连续梁桥为工程实例,采用现场加固、荷载试验和有限元分析的方法,对其进行加固前后的荷载试验,并进行加固前后试验结果对比,结果表明,光纤光栅预应力碳纤维板与混凝土梁协同工作能力良好,对提升桥梁的承载力具有显著的效果。     

高铁隧道衬砌拱顶空洞对列车荷载响应研究

以某高速铁路某一隧道存在拱顶空洞为工程背景,基于高速列车振动荷载实测数据和列车振动理论,利用ABAQUS有限元软件,建立隧道衬砌拱顶不含空洞与含有不同深度空洞的隧道结构有限元模型,施加相应的约束及边界条件,对隧道结构在列车振动荷载作用下的动力响应行为进行数值仿真分析。研究结果表明,随空洞深度的增加,拱顶含空洞的衬砌结构将会使原有衬砌受力状态发生改变,空洞深度越大,围岩塑性区改变越明显,衬砌整体受力越不利;不含空洞的隧道衬砌关键点与轨道距离越近振动响应越明显,拱顶响应最弱;衬砌拱顶空洞深度对列车振动响应明显,随深度的加大,其响应越剧烈,使衬砌围岩塑性区发生进一步扩展并最终影响到隧道结构的整体稳定性,对列车运营安全造成威胁。研究结果对于进一步探索含缺陷隧道衬砌结构的劣化动力学行为奠定了基础。     

既有钢管混凝土拱桥桥动力测试和有限元分析

桥梁结构的动力特性(振型、频率和阻尼)是桥梁承载能力评定的重要参数,同时也是识别桥梁结构工作性能和桥梁抗震分析的重要参数。     

Response of stiffened and unstiffened plates subjected to blast loading

This paper describes the results of dynamic analyses carried out on both stiffened and unstiffened panels using both simplified and advanced analytical techniques. For unstiffened panels with inplane restraint along their edges, the dynamic response of an imperfect panel was predicted using a large displacement elastic analysis based on Lagrange's equation, with the panel being treated as a shallow shell. For stiffened panels, the finite element (FE) technique was used to establish the validity of using the simplified technique to predict the inter-stiffener panel displacements for a simply supported panel. A parametric study has been carried out to analyse the effects of in-plane boundary conditions, local stiffener buckling and initial imperfections on the overall response. The significant effect of boundary conditions is demonstrated by including the actual boundary conditions of a test frame in the finite element modelling of a large-scale stiffened floorplate panel used in an experimental test series.     

部分配置FRP筋框支剪力墙抗震性能研究

针对全钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙在工程中所存在的问题,提出了采用比强度高、耐腐蚀性能好、自重轻但弹性模量低并具有线弹性性能的纤维增强塑料(FRP)筋来替换该剪力墙中部分钢筋的建议.通过拟静力试验及非线性有限元数值分析,比较了1榀全钢筋混凝土框支剪力墙试件(FSW-1)和1榀部分配置FRP筋框支剪力墙试件(FSW-4)的裂缝发展规律和破坏模式,及其承载能力、延性性能和滞回特征.结果表明:部分配置FRP筋框支剪力墙结构具有较高的承载能力和较好的抗震性能;非线性有限元分析结果与试验结果吻合较好.     

Numerical parametric study of geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS)

A 2-D finite flement model was developed in this study to conduct a FE parametric study on the effects of some variables in the performance of geosynthetic reinforced soil integrated bridge system (GRS-IBS). The variables investigated in this study include the effect of internal friction angle of backfill material, width of reinforced soil foundation (RSF), secondary reinforcement within bearing bed, setback distance, bearing width and length of reinforcement. Other important parameters such as reinforcement stiffness and spacing were previously investgated by the authors. The performance of GRS-IBS were investgated in terms of lateral facing displacement, strain distribution along reinforcement, and location of potential failure zone. The results showed that the internal friction angle of backfill material has a significant impact on the performance of GRS-IBS. The secondary reinforcement, setback distance, and bearing width have low impact on the performance of GRS-IBS. However, it was found that the width of RSF and length of reinforcement have negligible effect on the performance of GRS-IBS. Finally, the potential failure envelope of the GRS-IBS abutment was found to be a combination of punching shear failure envelope (top) that starts under the inner edge of strip footing and extends vertically downward to intersect with Rankine active failure envelope (bottom).     

装配式空心板桥荷载横向分布计算方法比较分析

以铰接板理论为基础,结合空间梁格法和实体有限元法,对装配式空心板桥荷载横向分布计算方法进行了分析。比较了各计算方法的计算结果之间的差异,阐述了误差产生的原因,探讨了各计算方法的准确性和适用性,并给出了合理的建议。研究结果表明:不考虑边板、中板截面几何特性的差异会导致边板荷载横向分布系数减小而偏不安全;实体有限元法计算结果准确,与之相比,铰接板(梁)法和空间梁格法均存在误差。     

Assessing the deformation response of double-track overlapped tunnels using numerical simulation and field monitoring

The unprecedented rate of metro construction has led to a highly complex network of metro lines. Tunnels are being overlapped to an ever-increasing degree. This paper investigates the deformation response of double-track overlapped tunnels in Tianjin, China using finite element analysis (FEA) and field monitoring, considering the attributes of different tunneling forms. With respect to the upper tunneling, the results of the FEA and field monitoring showed that the maximum vertical displacements of the ground surface during the tail passage were 2.06 mm, 2.25 mm and 2.39 mm obtained by the FEA, field monitoring and Peck calculation, respectively; the heaves on the vertical displacement curve were observed at 8 m (1.25D, where D is the diameter of the tunnel) away from the center of the tunnel and the curve at both sides was asymmetrical. Furthermore, the crown and bottom produce approximately 0.38 mm and 1.26 mm of contraction, respectively. The results of the FEA of the upper and lower sections demonstrated that the tunneling form has an obvious influence on the deformation response of the double-track overlapped tunnel. Compared with the upper tunneling, the lower tunneling exerted significantly less influence on the deformation response, which manifested as a smaller displacement of the strata and deformation of the existing tunnel. The results of this study on overlapped tunnels can provide a reference for similar projects in the future.