推钢机液压系统的设计与可靠性分析

在对推钢机传动系统相关资料深入研究的基础上,设计了一套液压传动系统,详细阐述其工作原理,并对其重要元件的参数进行计算。基于液压元件基本失效概率,应用串联系统的可靠度计算方法建立该液压系统的可靠性数学模型,最后利用MATLAB软件进行了仿真分析。结果表明:工作时间越长,推钢机液压系统的可靠性越低,而且其可靠度随着时间先下降较快,后下降较缓,只有限定工作时间,液压系统的可靠性才能得到保障。     

地埋式垃圾压块机液压系统的可靠性分析

液压系统是地埋式垃圾压块机的核心部分,其性能的好坏直接影响压块机工作效率。以地埋式垃圾压块机液压系统为研究对象,对液压系统中的锁紧装置、举升装置、自推装置、推压装置进行了可靠性分析;建立了各工步和总体的可靠度数学模型,利用MATLAB仿真模拟出系统在各个工步的可靠度曲线,并算出系统平均无故障工作时间为4065.9 h。     

基于平台式垃圾压块机液压系统的可靠性研究

平台式垃圾压块机是城市生活垃圾中转站的一种工作效率高、运转时间长的新型机械设备,依托液压系统驱动完成相应的各项动作。分析了平台式垃圾压块机的液压系统工作原理,针对该压块机液压系统可能存在的可靠性低、故障多等问题,进行了可靠度计算,并进行平均无故障工作时间的分析。运用MATLAB软件模拟仿真,以获得该机器液压系统在不同工作时间下可靠性的动态变化规律。     

大型压机液压同步平衡系统可靠性分析

根据液压可靠性的基本理论,对大型压机的液压同步平衡系统进行了可靠性分析,建立了系统的可靠性逻辑图和数学模型。基于该系统的模型,利用MATLAB软件,进行了仿真计算,绘制出了可靠度仿真曲线。指出了提高系统可靠性的方法。     

基于GO法的轮胎起重机液压系统可靠性分析

基于GO法原理,建立25 t轮胎起重机液压系统可靠性的GO图模型。根据该模型,利用GO法的定量计算对液压系统进行了可靠度计算,采用GO法的定性分析确定液压系统故障的最小割集,最后,对其可靠性做出评定。实际应用表明,GO法是进行液压系统可靠性分析的有效而实用的方法。     

海浪电液模拟装置液压系统可靠性设计

利用电液伺服系统模拟海浪运动,可以在实验室环境中为船舶性能测试提供条件.考虑该装置最基本最关键的要求是液压系统必须可靠,因此笔者就液压系统进行了可靠性设计与分析.通过建立液压系统可靠性模型和可靠度数学模型,并给出设计计算实例,最后提出提高系统的可靠性途径.     

9MN提梁机液压卷扬系统的可靠性分配

9MN提梁机是铁路建设的重要设备,而液压卷扬系统又是整个提梁机的最关键部分,提高该系统的可靠性具有重要意义.根据设计可靠度对该部分进行可靠性分配.实际运行情况表明,对液压卷扬系统进行可靠性分配后,系统的故障明显减少,整机性能得到很大的改善,整个系统的可靠性大大提高.     

联合运输中驱动液压系统群可靠性分析与计算

为保证联合运输安全,对两车联合运输的驱动液压系统组进行了研究。同步控制是安全运输的关键,对驱动液压系统群和控制系统的可靠性要求很高。因此,必须对驱动液压系统群的寿命预测和可靠性增长进行研究。两车联合运输的驱动液压系统群的可靠性为对象进行了研究,首先对某运输车辆的可靠性模型进行了研究,建立了运输车传动系统的可靠性框图模型;并在此基础上建立了相应的可靠性数学模型;经过MATLAB软件进行计算,得到了驱动液压系统群的可靠性曲线和可靠度。并针对工程实践中的驱动不同步问题建立了驱动液压系统群的故障树模型,对故障树进行了定量和定性分析,最终找出了驱动液压系统的薄弱环节。进而可以在设计过程中就考虑到预防故障的产生,提高系统的设计水平,该方法可有效提高联合运输液压系统群可靠性。     

基于动态贝叶斯网络的液压系统可靠性研究

液压系统组成结构复杂且维修难度高,因此进行液压系统的可靠性评估对企业生产安全有着重要作用。结合故障树和动态贝叶斯网络建立评估模型对液压系统进行可靠性分析。利用动态贝叶斯网络的推理功能得出液压系统可靠度和可用度随时间推移的变化规律,并实现液压系统故障诊断,识别关键故障因素源。液压系统的可靠度会随时间推移而逐渐降低,但定期的维修可以使液压系统的可用度在较长一段时间内维持在很高水平。实验结果为液压系统的日常维护和修理策略提供了借鉴。     

基于蒙特卡罗法的液压试验平台可靠性分析

工程机械液压试验平台是一个复杂的机电系统,具有故障多样、成因复杂、隐蔽性强的特点,因此不宜采用传统的数值解析方法或者直接移植其他类型系统的可靠性分析方法来分析系统的可靠性。根据实际液压试验测试平台系统的结构组成,构建系统的故障树;采用蒙特卡罗随机模拟方法对故障树的失效模型进行仿真评估,得出系统的可靠性指标和系统可靠性的最薄弱点,提出提高可靠性的方法,使系统的可靠度指标提高了31%。仿真结果也为系统的进一步优化设计和维修工作提供参考意见。结果表明:基本故障树的蒙特卡罗法适用于大型复杂液压系统或机电液系统的可靠性评估,为大型复杂系统的可靠性分析提供参考。     

Effects of Post-weld Heat Treatment on Microstructure,Mechanical Properties and the Role of Weld Reinforcement in 2219 Aluminum Alloy TIG-Welded Joints

In as-welded state, each region of 2219 aluminum alloy TIG-welded joint shows diff erent microstructure and microhardness due to the diff erent welding heat cycles and the resulting evolution of second phases. After the post-weld heat treatment, both the amount and the size of the eutectic structure or θ phases decreased. Correspondingly, both the Cu content in α-Al matrix and the microhardness increased to a similar level in each region of the joint, and the tensile strength of the entire joint was greatly improved. Post-weld heat treatment played the role of solid solution strengthening and aging strengthening. After the post-weld heat treatment, the weld performance became similar to other regions, but weld reinforcements lost their reinforcing eff ect on the weld and their existence was more of an adverse eff ect. The joint without weld reinforcements after the post-weld heat treatment had the optimal tensile properties, and the specimens randomly crack in the weld zone.     

The First Phase of the SRIF Industrialized Base in ＂West Area＂ Has Been Put into Operation

After nearly two years＇ tense construction, the first phase of industrialized base of Shenyang Research Institute of Foundry （SRIF）, located at the Tiexi Casting and Forging Industrial Park in the west of Tiexi District, has now been completed and formally put into operation.     

Thermodynamics Study on the Decomposition of Chromite with KOH

Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, China, has proposed a method for oxidative leaching of chromite with potassium hydroxide. Understanding the mechanism of chromite decomposition, especially in the potassium hydroxide fusion, is important for the optimization of the operating parameters of the oxidative leaching process. A traditional thermodynamic method is proposed and the thermal decomposition and the reaction decomposition during the oxidative leaching of chromite with KOH and oxygen is discussed, which suggests that chromite is mainly destroyed by reactions with KOH and oxygen. Meanwhile, equilibrium of the main reactions of the above process was calculated at different temperatures and oxygen partial pressures. The stable zones of productions, namely, K2CrO4 and Fe2O3, increase with the decrease of temperature, which indicates that higher temperature is not beneficial to thermodynamic reactions. In addition, a comparison of the general alkali methods is carried out, and it is concluded that the KOH leaching process is thermodynamically superior to the conventional chromate production process.     

Influence of Heat Treatment on Damping Behaviour of the Magnesium Wrought Alloy AZ61

The effect of isochronal heat treatments for 1h on variation of damping, hardness and microstructural change of the magnesium wrought alloy AZ61 was investigated. Damping and hardness behaviour could be attributed to the evolution of precipitation process. The influence of precipitation on damping behaviour was explained in the framework of the dislocation string model of Granato and Lücke.     

Effect of Rare Earth Doping on Impedance,Modulus and Conductivity Properties of Multiferroic Composites:0.5(BiLa_xFe_(1-x)O_3)–0.5(PbTiO_3)

The Lanthanum-doped bismuth ferrite–lead titanate compositions of 0.5(Bi LaxFe1-xO3)–0.5(Pb Ti O3)(x = 0.05,0.10,0.15,0.20)(BLxF1-x-PT) were prepared by mixed oxide method.Structural characterization was performed by X-ray diffraction and shows a tetragonal structure at room temperature.The lattice parameter c/a ratio decreases with increasing of La(x = 0.05–0.20) concentration of the composites.The effect of charge carrier/ion hopping mechanism,conductivity,relaxation process and impedance parameters was studied using an impedance analyzer in a wide frequency range(102–106Hz) at different temperatures.The nature of Nyquist plot confirms the presence of bulk effects only,and non-Debye type of relaxation processes occurs in the composites.The electrical modulus exhibits an important role of the hopping mechanism in the electrical transport process of the materials.The ac conductivity and dc conductivity of the materials were studied,and the activation energy found to be 0.81,0.77,0.76 and 0.74 e V for all compositions of x = 0.05–0.20 at different temperatures(200–300 °C).     

Quantitative Analysis of the Crystallographic Orientation Relationship Between the Martensite and Austenite in Quenching–Partitioning–Tempering Steels

The orientation relationships(ORs)between the martensite and the retained austenite in low-and medium-carbon steels after quenching–partitioning–tempering process were studied in this work.The ORs in the studied steels are identified by selected-area electron diffraction(SAED)as either K–S or N–W ORs.Meanwhile,the ORs were also studied based on numerical fitting of electron backscatter diffraction data method suggested by Miyamoto.The simulated K–S and N–W ORs in the low-index directions generally do not well coincide with the experimental pole figure,which may be attributed to both the orientation spread from the ideal variant orientations and high symmetry of the low-index directions.However,the simulated results coincide well with experimental pole figures in the high-index directions{123}_(bcc).A modified method with simplicity based on Miyamoto’s work was proposed.The results indicate that the ORs determined by modified method are similar to those determined by Miyamoto’method,that is,the OR is near K–S OR for the low-carbon Q–P–T steel,and with the increase of carbon content,the OR is closer to N–W OR in medium-carbon Q–P–T steel.     

Using Finite Element and Contour Method to Evaluate Residual Stress in Thick Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Welded by Electron Beam Welding

This work was to reveal the residual stress profile in electron beam welded Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates(50 mm thick) by using finite element and contour measurement methods.A three-dimensional finite element model of 50-mmthick titanium component was proposed,in which a column–cone combined heat source model was used to simulate the temperature field and a thermo-elastic–plastic model to analyze residual stress in a weld joint based on ABAQUS software.Considering the uncertainty of welding simulation,the computation was calibrated by experimental data of contour measurement method.Both test and simulated results show that residual stresses on the surface and inside the weld zone are significantly different and present a narrow and large gradient feature in the weld joint.The peak tensile stress exceeds the yield strength of base materials inside weld,which are distinctly different from residual stress of the thin Ti-6Al-4V alloy plates presented in references before.     

Microstructures and Tensile Properties of Ultrafine-Grained Ni–(1–3.5) wt% SiC_(NP) Composites Prepared by a Powder Metallurgy Route

Silicon carbide nanoparticle-reinforced nickel-based composites(Ni–Si CNP),with a Si CNPcontent ranged from1 to 3.5 wt%,were prepared using mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering.In addition,unreinforced pure nickel samples were also prepared for comparative purposes.To characterize the microstructural properties of both the unreinforced pure nickel and the Ni–Si CNPcomposites transmission electron microscopy(TEM) was used,while their mechanical behavior was investigated using the Vickers pyramid method for hardness measurements and a universal tensile testing machine for tensile tests.TEM results showed an array of dislocation lines decorated in the sintered pure nickel sample,whereas,for the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the presence of nano-dispersed Si CNPand twinning crystals was observed.These homogeneously distributed Si CNPwere found located either within the matrix,between twins or on grain boundaries.For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,coerced coarsening of the Si CNPassembly occurred with increasing Si CNPcontent.Furthermore,the grain sizes of the Ni–Si CNPcomposites were much finer than that of the unreinforced pure nickel,which was considered to be due to the composite ball milling process.In all cases,the Ni–Si CNPcomposites showed higher strengths and hardness values than the unreinforced pure nickel,likely due to a combination of dispersion strengthening(Orowan effects) and particle strengthening(Hall–Petch effects).For the Ni–Si CNPcomposites,the strength increased initially and then decreased as a function of Si CNPcontent,whereas their elongation percentages decreased linearly.Compared to all materials tested,the Ni–Si CNPcomposite containing 1.5% Si C was found more superior considering both their strength and plastic properties.     

Directional Growth of Tin Crystals Controlled by Combined Solute Concentration Gradient Field and Static Magnetic Field

A new method was introduced to achieve directional growth of Sn crystals. Microstructures in liquid(Pb)/liquid(Sn) diffusion couples were investigated under various static magnetic fields. Results show that the β-Sn crystals mainly reveal an irregular dendritic morphology without or with a relatively low static magnetic field(B0.3 T). When the magnetic field is increased to 0.5 T, the β-Sn dendrites close to the final stage of growth begin to show some directional character. With a further increase in the magnetic field to a higher level(0.8–5 T), the β-Sn dendrites have an enhanced directional growth character, but the dendrites show a certain deflection. As the magnetic field is increased to 12 T, the directional growth of the β-Sn dendrites in the center of the couple is severely destroyed. The mechanism of the directional growth of the β-Sn crystals and the deflection of the β-Sn crystals with the application of static magnetic field was tentatively discussed.     

电化学噪声数据处理方法概述

综述了常见的电化学噪声数据处理方法,介绍了直流趋势剔除、统计分析、快速傅立叶变换(FFT)法计算功率谱密度(PSD)以及小波变换处理电化学噪声信号的基本过程,并阐释了各种数学处理及所得参数的物理意义。