我国无机磷化工的发展现状

提出了我国无机磷化工的发展方向,完善有效利用中低品位磷矿的全套工程化技术,解决当前磷化工行业发展面临的重大问题。完成窑法磷酸的基础研究及工程化研究,开发低品位磷矿直接生产高浓度磷酸的新工艺,为我国低品位磷矿利用提供技术支撑;开展高纯磷化工产品的应用基础研究和产品研发,创立我国高纯磷化工产品的新体系和全套工程化技术体系,调整产业布局,提升产品质量;加强磷石膏利用研究,推进循环经济发展与节能减排,提升磷化工行业对环境的和谐性。     

中国磷化工生产现状及前景展望

介绍了中国磷资源现状和存在的问题，包括中国磷矿资源的储量及分布情况、中国磷矿资源的主要特点、中国磷矿历年产量、中国磷矿资源开发利用中存在的主要问题。同时介绍了中国磷化工生产现状和存在的问题。提出了中国磷化工进一步发展的意见。     

中国磷化工行业60年发展历程及未来发展趋势

经过60余年的发展,中国磷化工经历了从无到有、从弱到强,中低品位磷矿生产高浓度磷肥、湿法磷酸精制、湿法磷酸生产饲料级磷酸氢钙及工业级磷酸一铵等产品国产化技术为中国磷化工发展奠定了基础,行业出现产能过剩局面。近期开发的聚磷酸铵、磷酸二氢钾、磷系阻燃材料、电池级磷酸二氢铵、磷酸铁锂、六氟磷酸锂等新产品,表明磷化工行业正从粗放的资源环境型产品向附加值高的精细磷化工产品转型。     

以煤代硫发展织金磷矿的磷化工产业

分析我国生产磷化工产品的主要资源概况,针对我国硫资源匮乏、贵州织金磷矿与煤炭储量丰富的特点,提出以中低品位磷矿为原料、以煤为燃料高炉法生产黄磷,进而发展磷化工产业的工艺路线,可减少硫黄进口,避开磷石膏堆存对环境造成的污染。     

云南磷化工产业现状与趋势

介绍近年来云南省磷化工产业现状:磷化工产品产量稳步增长,磷矿资源储量大幅增长,磷矿省内加工比重逐年增加,产业集中度提高,科技和管理创新取得新进展。提出控制总量的合理增长、坚定实行"精料政策"、深入"调结构、转方式"、继续"走出去",将是云南磷化工产业的发展趋势。     

浙江磷化工发展方向

本文从我省无磷矿的实际状况出发，分析了国内外市场对磷化工产品的需求，指出了我省的磷化工生产应增加品种，开发有机磷产品。     

云南磷化工与磷矿浮选矿化耦合技术

阐述云南磷矿浮选与磷化工发展现状,介绍用氟硅酸生产无水氟化氢副产水玻璃、硫酸低温位热能用于磷矿加热浮选以及硫酸与磷酸生产中的废酸用于磷矿浮选介质调整剂等方面的矿化共生耦合技术,提出磷矿浮选与磷化工耦合技术在设备和工艺参数等方面存在的问题,旨在降低磷矿浮选与磷化工成本,实现可持续发展。     

浅析我国磷化工绿色化发展现状与趋势

围绕磷复肥、基础磷化工产品和磷基新材料,分析国内外磷化工绿色化发展的现状与趋势。提出我国磷化工产业应坚持"精细化、专用化、高端化和绿色化"发展路线,以促进可持续发展。明确我国磷化工绿色化发展要重点推进磷复肥的精细化和新型肥料的发展,优化产业结构和资源配置,着力发展高端磷化工产业,做好磷石膏等废弃物的综合处理和再资源化。只有加强技术创新和应用研究,才能为我国磷化工产业绿色化发展提供高质量的技术保障。     

高效综合利用磷矿的新方法

阐述磷化工生产的一种高效益,低能耗,完全综合利用磷矿中磷、钙、氟等各种元素的新理念和新方法,改变了原用硫酸分解磷矿的传统方法。介绍酸解磷矿新方法的工艺流程、主要反应方程式,可以获得的产品有Ca（H2PO4）2·H2O等磷化工产品、高纯晶须CaSO4、高纯微球纳米碳酸钙、K2SiF6、三元硫基复合肥等。     

贵州省磷化工产业“十四五”后期发展方向探讨

介绍贵州省磷化工产业现状，分析贵州省磷化工产业发展中存在的问题，包括磷矿资源利用不合理，产品结构不合理，技术路线、原料路线不合理，经济效益差。指出贵州省磷化工产业“十四五”后期发展方向，包括加大中低品位磷矿利用，磷化工技术路线节能减排升级改造，发展磷系储能新材料。     

黄磷生产中火灾事故的预防

通过对生产规模2500t／a黄磷生产厂生产实践的分析，提出发生事故的几种主要原因，如磷及磷泥的自燃、尾气爆炸及CO中毒、磷渣的排放和磷铁回收等，总结了处理和防范事故的一些实际经验，对小型黄磷生产厂具有一定的参考作用。     

反硝化聚磷菌在污水处理中的应用

综合国内外反硝化除磷技术的最新研究,着重分析反硝化聚磷菌的脱氮除磷机理和对反硝化除磷工艺有较大影响的各种因素,介绍反硝化聚磷菌在污水处理中的应用及目前反硝化除磷技术在工艺上的研究进展。     

A simple equation for calculating the residual effect of phosphorus fertilizers

A simple equation to calculate the residual effect of fertilizer phosphorus is derived from a model distinguishing only two soil phosphorus pools. With time intervals of one year the model calculates the phosphorus transfers between the pools, the uptake of phosphorus by the crop and the resulting pool sizes. Most input data required to operate the model can be obtained from ordinary one-season phosphorus fertilizer trials.For easily soluble phosphorus fertilizers the residual effect can also be calculated with a formula: Rt = (0.8 – R1)^t-1* R1 where Rt and R1 are the recovery fractions in year t and year 1, respectively. During the first five years after fertilizer application the residual effects, as calculated with the equation, are almost equal to those obtained with the model.     

Sorption of labelled phosphate by a Vertisol and an Alfisol of the semi-arid zone of India

Information on phosphate sorption properties of Vertisols is scarce, but can help to explain the different responses of crops to fertilizer P on Vertisols, as compared with Alfisols.Adsorption isotherms for total adsorbed phosphate and isotopically exchangeable phosphate were measured for typical examples of a Vertisol and an Alfisol, occurring in close proximity at the ICRISAT centre. For each soil, the relationships of exchangeable P and total adsorbed P with phosphate solution concentration were described well by the Freundlich isotherm. Neither of the soils adsorbed significant amounts of P in a non-exchangeable form. The Vertisol had a higher capacity and buffer power for phosphate sorption, implying a lower response to fertilizer P. However, all adsorbed P remained in forms labile to³²P, equilibrated for 22 h, so that for equal amounts of CaCl₂ extractable P there was more labile P in the Vertisol. In the absence of added P, the data suggested that the Vertisol maintained a greater level of dissolved and labile P. These observations are in accord with the results of field experiments, where larger applications of P may be required in Vertisols, compared with Alfisols, to achieve the same yield response, but that P is more freely available to crops grown in Vertisols than is suggested by chemical extraction methods for available P.     

云南磷深加工展望

磷深加工系指以黄磷和湿法磷酸为原料，进一步深加工，制造数百种磷酸盐(不含肥料)与磷化物的加工业。结合云南黄磷、湿法磷酸以及磷深加工业的现状，分析展望云南磷深加工的发展趋势和前景。由于科技进步、应用开发、市场拓展、政策法规等诸多因素的制约，磷深加工这一具有发展前景的工业尚需经历一个“量变到质变”的发展过程。     

Estimates of soil phosphorus for different soil series

Over a range of soil series, the responses to applied P were measured with Swedish turnips and potatoes in field experiments and with oats in a pot experiment. Phosphorus was extracted from soil samples, taken before the experiments were started, by acetic acid, Morgan's, bicarbonate, resin and lactate methods. The relationships between the amounts of soil P extracted and the responses to applied P showed that curved models, using reciprocals or logarithms of soil P, were generally superior to linear and quadratic models especially for the field experiment data. Including loss-on-ignition in the model significantly improved the relationships for some soil series.Reciprocal and logarithmic models were used to determine the ranges for classifying soil P into three classes and to calculate responses to soil P at each site. For the experiments with Swedish turnips, soil P and calculated responses were allocated to three classes and compared with the corresponding classification of the actual field responses. Using different ranges of critical values for classifying soil P for a specific series is shown to be at least as important as using the best method of extraction. The results illustrate how the reliability of a three-class system for predicting the P status of these acid, Scottish soils can be increased by using different class intervals for soil P for different series.     

三氯化磷生产装置的技术改造及运行总结

介绍了三氯化磷产品的运行状况.采用黄磷与氯气直接氯化法生产三氯化磷,对不合理工艺过程进行技术改造,总结了日常生产的控制措施.     

用磷表快速测定磷石膏中水溶磷和非水溶磷

用磷表分析法代替磷钼酸喹啉容量法测定磷石膏中的水溶磷和非水溶磷,分析方法简单,经与传统容量法对照,结果准确、可靠,降低了分析成本,能满足生产控制分析需求。     

Denitrification and Dephosphatation by Anaerobic/Anoxic Sequencing Batch Reactor

Removal of denitrifying phosphorus was verified in a laboratory anaerobic/anoxic sequencing batch reactor (A/A SBR). The results obtained demonstrated that the anaerobic/anoxic strategy can enrich the growth of denitrifying phosphorus removing bacteria (DPB) and take up phosphate under anoxic condition by using nitrate as the electron acceptor. The phosphorus removal efficiency was higher than 90% and the effluent phosphate concentration was lower than lmg·L-1 after the A/A SBR was operated in a steady-state. When the chemical oxygen demand(COD) of influent was lower than 180mg·L-1, the more COD in the influent was, the higher efficiency of phosphorus removal could be attained under anoxic condition. However, simultaneous presence of carbon and nitrate would be detrimental to denitrifying phosphorus removal. Result of influence of sludge retention time (SRT) on denitrifying phosphorus removal suggested that the decrease of SRT caused a washout of DPB and consequently the enhanced biological phosphorus     

我国制磷电炉炉渣的综合利用

分析制磷炉渣的特性,介绍磷渣综合利用途径:制水泥掺合料,作硅肥,生产白炭黑,生产保温材料、炉渣砖、釉面瓷砖,制SU F微细粉等,并对磷炉渣的利用提出了几点建议。