影响熔加法搪瓷黄色釉中镉溶出量的因素

影响熔加法搪瓷黄色釉中镉溶出量的因素张国武，陶瑛，王承遇，谷秀梅，车英华，孔繁利（大连轻工业学院１１６００１）（大连搪瓷工业总厂１１６０２１）ＴｈｅＦａｃｔｏｒｓＩｎｆｌｕｅｎｃｉｎｇｏｎＣａｄｍｉｕｍＲｅｌｅａｓｅｆｒｏｍＹｅｌｌｏｗＥｎａｍｅｌＧ...     

钛乳浊易折安瓿色釉的制备及性能研究

以Na2O-Ca O-Zn O-B2O3-Si O2作为基釉体系,研究了不同加入方式加入Ti O2时所产生的乳浊效果,结果表明:磨加法相比熔加法更容易产生乳浊效果。进而研究了磨加法加入Ti O2时,加入量对釉的熔融温度的影响以及加入量、釉烧温度等工艺参数对样品的白度、相结构和形貌的影响。在加入量为10%,釉烧温度为640℃下,制备了乳浊效果良好的色釉。制得的色釉热膨胀系数为91.7×10-7℃-1,可满足易折安瓿色釉的性能要求。     

用熔加法研制硫硒化镉红色搪瓷色釉

用熔加法研制硫硒化镉红色搪瓷色釉陶瑛，张国武，王承遇，谷秀梅（大连轻工业学院１１６００Ｑ）车英华，孔繁利（大连搪瓷工业总厂１１６０２１）ＡＲｅｓｅａｃｈｏｎＣａｄｍｉｕｍＳｕｌｆｓｅｌｅｎｉｄｅＲｅｄＥｎａｍｅｌＧｌａｚｅＰｒｏｄｕｃｅｄｂｙＰｉｇｍ...     

Y2O3掺杂对硅酸盐玻璃结构及其熔体黏度的影响

为了探索稀土氧化物Y2O3掺杂对硅酸盐玻璃结构及其高温熔体黏度的影响,用熔融-水淬法制得了掺杂不同含量Y2O3的Na2O-CaO-SiO2系玻璃料,采用激光共聚焦Raman光谱仪和高温旋转黏度计分别对玻璃料进行了Raman光谱和黏度的测试,根据Arrhenius方程推算了玻璃的熔制温度,同时给出了计算玻璃结构中每个四面体中的氧数、非桥氧数、平均桥数及非桥氧比例的公式.结果表明:Y2O3的掺杂使得Na2O-CaO-SiO2系玻璃中,具有不同非桥氧的结构单元之间发生了一定转化.随着Y2O3掺杂量的增加,玻璃中每个四面体中的氧数和非桥氧数都逐渐增大,玻璃中每个四面体中的连接数降低.此外Y2O3的掺杂降低了Na2O-CaO-SiO2系玻璃的高温黏度与熔制温度,且与玻璃结构的变化规律相一致.     

上海文高玻璃搪瓷色釉有限公司

上海文高玻璃搪瓷色釉有限公司是专业生产玻璃搪瓷色釉的企业。公司建立于1995年5月，在传统生产工艺的基础上，除了生产普通系列色釉产品外，还相继开发了晶珠系列、耐蚀系列、钢化系列、低温系列、热熔系列及无铅系列色釉产品，是全国生产玻璃搪瓷色釉产品品种最全、质量最优、销量最大的企业之一。     

纳米二氧化硅改善钢板搪瓷浴缸耐酸化学稳定性

通过磨加法将纳米二氧化硅引入到钢板浴缸搪瓷釉中,在不改变钢板浴缸搪瓷釉工艺性能的条件下,提高钢板浴缸搪瓷的耐酸化学稳定性。研究结果表明,磨加一定量纳米二氧化硅到钢板浴缸搪瓷釉中,不仅可以显著提高钢板浴缸搪瓷的耐酸化学稳定性,而且工艺性能优良。     

铸铁浴盆特种色釉耐酸性AA级的突破

铸铁浴盆特种色釉耐酸性ＡＡ级的突破鲁琳（南京工业搪瓷厂２１００１２）一、前言铸铁搪瓷浴盆的耐酸性是我国搪瓷行业多年来研究的课题，玛瑙红、宝蓝、黑色等特种色釉耐酸性则尤为重要，因为这些凝重、华贵的深色调铸铁搪瓷浴盆常与进口洁具配套。为此，本文提出了ＡＡ...     

玻璃色釉及悬浮釉浆的制备

玻璃色釉及悬浮釉浆的制备陈璐，许淑惠，袁怡松（西北轻工业学院７１２０８１）（轻工业部玻璃搪瓷工业科学研究所）ＰｒｅｐａｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＧｌａｓｓＥｎａｍｅｌｓａｎｄＳｕｓｐｅｎｓｉｏｎＳｌｉｐ￥ＣｈｅｎＬｕ；ＸｕＳｈｕｈｕｉ（ＮｏｒｔｈｗｅｓｔＩｎｓ...     

磨加超细二氧化硅对建筑搪瓷结晶和化学性能的影响

建筑搪瓷是近几年发展非常迅速的一种搪瓷材料,由于建筑搪瓷尺寸比较大,它不仅要求比较高的物理化学性能,而且工艺性能也要求比较高。本论文主要研究通过磨加法将超细二氧化硅引入到建筑搪瓷釉,对搪瓷釉二氧化钛结晶性能和耐酸化学稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,磨加一定量超细二氧化硅到建筑搪瓷釉中,不仅不会改变搪瓷釉的结晶性能,主晶相仍为锐钛矿晶体,而且建筑搪瓷的耐酸化学稳定性也有一定提高。     

物质颜色与物质结构的关系

1 前言 搪瓷生产中广泛、普遍使用着色物质,色釉及其制品又占有搪瓷制品的较大比例。如何正确选用不同着色物质,生产出所设计出的理想色釉,提高和丰富搪瓷着色制品的质量和品种。为此,特选编一些有关物质颜色与其结构关系的基础理论知识,供搪瓷生产科研有关科技人员和管理人员学习参考,以期能对读者从事专业工作有所裨益。由于篇幅较多,本刊将分期分批选登。     

Recrystallization of Cerium Oxide in Porcelain Enamels

The effect of cerium oxide incorporated as the principal opacifying agent in the frit batch on the properties of white cover-coat porcelain enamels was studied. The effect of several variables on the opacity of the enamel was investigated as a function of firing temperature. Variables studied included (a) the amount of cerium oxide added, (b) the manner in which cerium oxide was incorporated into the enamel, i.e., mill addition, frit addition, or combination of both, (c) composition of the base glass, (d) weight of application, and (e) type of mill addition. Porcelain enamels were produced which had good acid resistance, high gloss, and a reflectance of 80% or more. Mill-added cerium oxide seemed to be less effective than that which was incorporated in the porcelain enamel as a component of the frit. The spectrophotometric analysis indicated good color stability of cerium oxide enamels.     

FACTORS AFFECTING REFLECTANCE*

A study was made to determine the factors that should be considered to get maximum reflectance with a given enamel. The increased reflectance obtained by fine grinding varies according to the kind of frit and opacifier used, and it was found that the proper combination of frit and opacifier is essential in developing effective reflectance. The writers conclude that the efficiency of the opacifiers varies according to the amount used; the method of blending the frits is an important factor; and the kind of clay used in the mill addition affects the degree of reflectance.     

Anorthite-based transparent glass-ceramic glaze for ceramic tiles: Preparation and crystallization mechanism

A series of high hardness anorthite-based transparent glass-ceramic glaze was successfully developed for ceramic tiles. These glazes were prepared by mixing a high-calcium frit (denoted as HCa) that can crystallize anorthite with other fluxes. The effect of HCa content on the crystalline phase, microstructure and properties of the glaze was studied. In addition, the phase transformation, microstructure evolution and crystallization kinetics of anorthite from frit glaze were investigated in detail. The results revealed that when the HCa content was 45–55 wt%, the glazes had excellent transparency with a hardness of 6.4–7.3 GPa, which was higher than conventional glazes. The XRD and SEM tests showed the crystallization of single-phase lamellar-shaped anorthite crystals up to 20–40 μm in length. Anorthite was found to crystallize directly from the frit glaze at 850 °C. The laminated anorthite was composed of thinner lamellae, and cracks were observed inside the large crystals. The activation energy of anorthite crystallization was about 420 kJ/mol, and the Avrami index (n) was 2.03?2.36. The n value indicates that the crystal is grown in two dimensions, which explains the formation of lamellar-shaped anorthite in SEM.     

EFFECT OF SOLUBLE SALTS ON THE PROPERTIES OF ENAMELS1

Enamels, in common with other types of glasses, are more or less soluble in water, depending on their compositions. The nature and quantity of salts dissolved from the enamel glass during milling have a very definite bearing on the suspension, work ability, and other properties of the enamel, such as pitting and crawling. Those enamels which produce mill liquors which are excessively alkaline have very poor floating qualities. The ratio of free alkali to boric oxide dissolved from the enamel frit is an important factor in the flotation properties of the enamel. The poor floating powers of certain enamels can be corrected by the addition of suitable electrolytes. The kind and quantity of salts dissolved from the frit will determine the selection of the proper electrolyte. Enamel compositions having minimum solubility for good suspension and other properties are given. The value of an enamel clay cannot be determined by floating the clay in water. Tests must be made with the clay in the type of enamel with which it is to be used. Any studies on the effect of aging of enamels on their working properties must give consideration to the constitution and quantity of the individual salts dissolved from the enamel frit, and to the action of carbon dioxide in neutralizing part of the free alkali.     

EARTHENWARE BODIES AND GLAZES1

Effect of body composition on crazing .—-Six bodies of each of 2 standard clay compositions were prepared with variable clay and flint content and after biscuiting at cone 8 were glazed with 21 earthenware glazes and glost fired at cones 4 and 6. The results indicated that the variability of the silica content of clays would not be great enough to produce crazing in a well-balanced glaze. Effect of proportion and composition of frit .—-A standard whiteware glaze was compounded in 6 different ways and several other glazes in 2 ways. It was found that the method of compounding had no effect on crazing but it affected the gloss and fusibility. Increase in the percentage of material fritted increased the gloss and fusibility. With the same percentage of frit the best glost and highest fusibility were obtained when the flint and part of the clay were included in the frit. Effect of some variations in glaze composition .—-Substitution of CaO by Na₂O, pound for pound, as well as direct addition of Na₂O, increased crazing, improved gloss and increased the fusibility. Direct addition of feldspar increased crazing slightly and diminished gloss, but did not noticeably affect the fusibility. Substitution of 1½1/2 parts of feldspar for one part of flint to maintain the same fusibility increased crazing and diminished gloss. Direct addition of CaO improved gloss, increased fusibility and slightly reduced crazing.     

熔块法硒镉红釉的研制

论述了熔块法硒镉红釉的原理和工艺要点,给出了熔块组成及红釉实验配方。     

陶瓷熔块制备过程中的机械力化学效应及其对釉面性能的影响

在行星振动球磨机中粉磨陶瓷熔块用料，机械力化学效应使熔块熔融温度由１６８３Ｋ降至１６４８Ｋ和１６０３Ｋ，同时改善了釉面性能。粉磨时使用了几种助磨剂。     

Compositional modifications to floor tile glazes opacified with zircon

Abstract

In the ceramic tile industry opaque glazes with considerable zircon content are widely used. However, the high cost of zircon limits its wide use in relevant glaze compositions. In the present study, a model opaque glaze was modified by changing the alumina/silica ratio, adding potassium oxide, or using a higher content of opaque frit while gradually eliminating the zircon content in the glaze batch. After glaze preparation, application, and single firing of glazed floor tiles under industrial conditions glazes were characterised by XRD, SEM, and EDX. The optimum alumina/silica ratio was found to be 0·26. Colour parameters L, a, and b of starting and final glazes showed that an increase in opaque frit content gives more positive improvement in opacity and in dry abrasion resistance than potassium oxide addition. Removal of zircon from the glazes resulted in a decrease of ～13–18% in glaze cost without detrimental effect on opacity.