双酚A毒理学特性及各国对其用于食品包装材料的评估意见

对双酚A(BPA)的物理化学以及毒理学特性进行了描述,并将各国对其用于食品包装材料的风险评估意见进行了综述,大部分国家认为双酚A用于食品包装材料是安全的,当前的BPA暴露量不会对人体健康有大的影响。     

欧美出台食品包装材料新规定

近日，继加拿大、美国宣布禁止在食品包装及接触材料中使用双酚A（BPA）后，法国议会议员也联名提出议案，要求禁止在食品包装及接触材料中使用双酚A（BPA）。欧美国家对食品包装及接触材料的新规定，引起了各方高度关注。     

关于禁止双酚A用于婴幼儿奶瓶的公告

<正>4,4′-二羟基二苯基丙烷(Bisphenol A,又称双酚A或BPA)是聚碳酸酯、环氧树脂等多种高分子材料的原料,这些高分子材料被广泛用于生产化工产品和食品相关产品,如食品包装材料及容器。双酚A可通过食品包装材料及容器迁移至食品中,食品相关产品国家标准规定了其迁     

卫生部等6部门关于禁止双酚A用于婴幼儿奶瓶的公告

2011年第15号4,4'-二羟基二苯基丙烷(Bisphenol A,又称双酚A或BPA)是聚碳酸酯、环氧树脂等多种高分子材料的原料,这些高分子材料被广泛用于生产化工产品和食品相关产品,如食品包装材料及容器。双酚A可通过     

基于适配体识别的电化学分析方法在双酚A检测中的应用研究进展

双酚A(Bisphenol A,BPA)是由丙酮和苯酚缩合而成,曾被广泛用于奶瓶、食品包装材料等产品的生产.人体可通过空气吸入、皮肤接触和膳食摄入等多种途径暴露于BPA类化合物,而膳食摄入是最主要的暴露途径.实现对食品中BPA的快速检测,是保障人们避免暴露于BPA的重要途径之一.本文总结了基于适配体识别的电化学分析方法...     

塑料食品包装材料中双酚A的迁移量检测

目的检测液体食品模拟物中源于塑料包装材料的双酚A(bisphenol A,BPA)的迁移量。方法建立高效液相色谱检测双酚A的方法学,通过液体食品模拟物探讨了时间、温度、酸度、乙醇浓度、微波加热时间、油脂6种因素对BPA迁移率的影响。结果 BPA在0.0464~1.044μg/m L内线性关系良好(r2=0.9993),精密度、稳定性、重复性的RSD分别为0.81%、1.42%、2.59%,加样回收率范围为95.0%~96.9%,RSD为0.80%。通过对液体食品模拟物中BPA含量的检测,发现随着储存时间延长、温度升高、酸度和乙醇浓度增加、微波加热时间延长、油脂增加,BPA从塑料食品包装材料转移到饮用品中的迁移率增加。结论正确使用塑料食品包装,对于减少BPA在体内蓄积至关重要。     

桉树根提取物对双酚A的降解效应研究

大量研究证明,双酚A(BPA)具有环境雌激素作用,极低剂量摄取就能破坏人体的内分泌系统,已成为一种全球性污染物,BPA是生产聚碳酸酯树脂及环氧树脂的主要原料,广泛应用于生产罐头内包装、食品包装材料、牙科填充剂、婴儿奶瓶等塑料行业,本文以桉树根为材料,采用三种不同溶剂(水、甲醇、乙醇)提取其活性物质后对BPA进行降解研究,通过紫外-可见分光光度计法测定BPA溶液浓度,探索提取液浓度、BPA初始浓度对降解反应的影响.结论:水对桉树根的提取率最高;低浓度(0.10mg·mL~(-1))乙醇提取液对BPA的降解效果最好;提取液浓度增大,水和甲醇提取液降解BPA的能力增强:BPA初始浓度对降解反应影响不大.     

“食品包装材料”专题征稿函

正食品包装材料是指用于制造食品包装容器和构成食品包装的材料总称,包括纸、塑料、金属、玻璃、陶瓷等原材料以及粘合剂,涂覆材料等各种辅助材料。食品包装是食品的重要组成部分,具有保护食品不受外来生物、化学和物理因素的影响,维持食品质量稳定的特点。为了满足各种食品的包装要求,食品包装材料必须具备适当的阻隔性、足够的机械强度、化学稳定性、耐高温及光学性能等多种性能。新型食品包装材料     

“食品包装材料”专题征稿函

正食品包装材料是指用于制造食品包装容器和构成食品包装的材料总称,包括纸、塑料、金属、玻璃、陶瓷等原材料以及粘合剂,涂覆材料等各种辅助材料。食品包装是食品的重要组成部分,具有保护食品不受外来生物、化学和物理因素的影响,维持食品质量稳定的特点。为了满足各种食品的包装要求,食品包装材料必须具备适当的阻隔性、足够的机械强度、化学稳定性、耐高温及光学性能等多种性能。新型食品包装材料     

“食品包装材料”专题征稿函

正食品包装材料是指用于制造食品包装容器和构成食品包装的材料总称,包括纸、塑料、金属、玻璃、陶瓷等原材料以及粘合剂,涂覆材料等各种辅助材料。食品包装是食品的重要组成部分,具有保护食品不受外来生物、化学和物理因素的影响,维持食品质量稳定的特点。为了满足各种食品的包装要求,食品包装材料必须具备适当的阻隔性、足够的机械强度、化学稳定性、耐高温及光学性能等多种性能。新型食品包装材料     

Changes in smoking prevalence in Ukraine in 2001-5

Objectives

To analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine from three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes, in order to estimate the stage of tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.

Design

Repeated national interview surveys in Ukraine in 2001, 2002 and 2005.

Main outcome measure

Prevalence of current smoking among the population aged ⩾15 years.

Results

The age‐standardised prevalence of current smoking in Ukrainian men was 54.8% in 2001 and 66.8% in 2005. Among Ukrainian women, prevalence increased from 11.5% in 2001 to 20.0% in 2005. ORs for yearly increase in prevalence were estimated as 1.164 (95% CI 1.111 to 1.220) for men and 1.187 (1.124 to 1.253) for women, which implies that, on average, 3–4% of men and 1.5–2% of women living in Ukraine join the smoking population each year.

Conclusions

In Ukraine, smoking prevalence is increasing in most population groups. Among men, the medium deprivation group with secondary education has the highest smoking prevalence. Among women, while the most educated, young and those living in larger cities are the leading group for tobacco use, other groups are also increasing their tobacco use. Tobacco promotion efforts appear to have been significantly more effective in Ukraine than smoking control efforts. The decrease in real cigarette prices in Ukraine in 2001–5 could be the main factor explaining the recent growth in smoking prevalence.Ukraine is a large eastern European country with high smoking prevalence. Tobacco products are widely available at very low prices, and the transnational tobacco industry is extremely successful in promoting its products and lobbying for its interests in the legislative field. Advocacy of tobacco control has only recently achieved some success in the legislative field, with the first tobacco control law being adopted in late 2005. Ukraine ratified the Framework Convention on Tobacco Control in 2006, but there is still much cause for concern regarding the enforcement and effectiveness of the adopted legislative measures. Unfortunately, the government is not yet involved in nationwide surveillance of the tobacco problem, and the available data have mostly been gathered with funding from foreign donors. Several attempts have been made to measure the extent of the tobacco epidemic in the countries of the former Soviet Union (FSU).^{1,2,3,4,5,6,7} Most of these studies have shown rather high smoking prevalence among men (50–70%) and comparatively low prevalence among women (5–20%). Most countries in the FSU have similar smoking rates, while certain trends are shown to be related to the differences in how the transnational tobacco industry succeeds in every national tobacco market.⁶ Unfortunately, few studies have been published showing trends in smoking prevalence in the FSU.⁷ In Ukraine, two studies^3,4 provided point estimates of smoking prevalence.The aim of this study was to analyse trends in smoking prevalence in Ukraine, on the basis of three surveys conducted in 2001–5, and to explore correlates of observed changes in order to estimate the stage of the tobacco epidemic in Ukraine.     

2010年河南省部分食品中重金属污染状况分析

了解河南省部分食品中重金属污染的现状。方法 在河南省18个省辖市采集8大类3 657份食品样品,按照国家标准检测食品中铅、镉和汞的含量,检测结果按照GB 2762—2012《食品安全国家标准食品中污染物限量》进行评价。结果 河南省部分食品中铅含量的平均值为0.34 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.8%(320/3 656),其中粮食、肉类和蔬菜中超标率较高,分别为17.2%(95/552)、14.5%(85/587)和10.7%(57/534);部分食品中镉含量的平均值为0.054 mg/kg,总体超标率为3.9%(143/3 657),其中食用菌和蛋类中超标率较高,分别为9.6%(49/508)和8.1%(42/518);部分食品中汞含量的平均值为0.077 mg/kg,总体超标率为8.3%(303/3 657),其中蔬菜和粮食中超标率较高,分别为25.3%(135/534)和12.3%(68/551)。结论 河南省部分食品中铅、汞污染情况较为严重,其中粮食、蔬菜和肉类食品中污染情况尤为突出,需要加强监管。     

Moulds and mycotoxins in sorghum stored in traditional containers in India

Various traditional containers have been used in India for storage of sorghum grains. Sorghum is susceptible to fungal infestation and toxin elaboration. The present study relates to the mould and mycotoxin contamination (aflatoxin B₁ and T-2 toxin) in stored sorghum in different storage containers viz. “Kotlu” (Storage rooms), earthenware pots, gunny bags and reed baskets. Aspergillus sp. and Fusarium sp. were the prominent genera and the “Kotlu” form of storage was most susceptible to fungal attack. Storage treatment had little effect on fungal contamination, but despite the fungal infestation, the mycotoxin contamination was found to be very low.     

中国固态发酵白酒中功能细菌研究进展

细菌是白酒酿造3大类微生物之一,其在白酒生产中有着重要的作用,如:芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、放线菌和梭菌等,它们能产生酯类、有机酸、吡嗪、萜烯等微量成分,从而影响白酒的风味与品质。基于细菌在白酒中的重要功能以及微生物分离培养技术和分析检测技术的进步,近年来相关研究越来越深入。该文综述了近年来白酒功能细菌的研究进展,介绍了酿酒各个环节中主要功能细菌及其在白酒中的作用,旨在为白酒功能细菌的研究提供参考。     

Heavy metals in vegetables sold in the local market in Jordan

Heavy metals (As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn) in various vegetables (cabbage, green onion, lettuce, parsley, rocket, spinach, carrot, onion, potato and cauliflower) from the market in Jordan were measured using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn ranged from 0.009–0.275 mg kg^?1 wet weight, 0.004–0.060 mg kg^?1, 0.003–0.401 mg kg^?1, 0.105–3.51 mg kg^?1, 0.15–1.15 mg kg^?1, 0.93–14.39 mg kg^?1, 0.044–0.702 mg kg^?1, 0.072–0.289 mg kg^?1 and 2.23–6.65 mg kg^?1, respectively. Parsley, followed by spinach, contained the highest concentration of heavy metals. Onion contained high levels of toxic heavy metals. The content of Cu in parsley and spinach and Pb in onion exceeded the Codex limits. However, the daily intake of heavy metals from the tested vegetables was lower than the maximum limits for allowable intake.