Thermal slip of a moderately dense gas along a flat surface

The solution is constructed for the problem of thermal slip of a moderately dense gas along a flat surface. The method of half space moments is used.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 37, No. 2, pp. 273–277, August, 1979.     

Desublimation of pure water vapor at a flat surface

Results are shown of a theoretical and experimental study concerning the desublimation of water vapor at a flat surface.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 288–293, August, 1972.     

Kinetics of the condensation of water vapor on a flat surface under vacuum conditions

The present article gives the results of an experimental investigation of the solid-condensate distribution during the condensation of water vapor on a chilled flat surface in the transition region of pressures of the ambient medium (10 < P < 10³ N/m²).Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol.21, No. 5, pp. 842–850, November, 1971.     

On the thermal vacuum radiation of nanoparticles and their ensembles

Thermal radiation of spherical particles and their ensembles is analyzed within the framework of fluctuation electrodynamics. Numerical calculations are carried out for spherical gold and graphite particles with allowance for real material properties and polarizabilities. It is shown that the maximum radiated power of single graphite particles in vacuum reaches 95 % of the radiation power of a black body with a temperature of 3000 K and a radius of 200 nm. Moreover, the presence of neighboring particles reduces the emissivity of a single particle by 3–40%. For gold particles, radiation power does not exceed 8% of the black-body radiation and has an oscillating dependence on the distance with a maximum amplitude of 0.8% of the constant component.     

Anomalous backscattering of high-power laser radiation by the flat surface of a solid

Results of measurements of the backscattering characteristics of high-power laser radiation at flat randomly rough surfaces of various materials are described for a wide range of radiation and surface parameters. It is observed that for probe radiation intensities in the range ∼10³–10⁷ W/cm² and a pulse duration of ∼10⁻⁸ s the scattering pattern becomes anomalous under various additional conditions. The results are analyzed in accordance with the laws of structural conditionality, the qualitative boundary, abnormality, and alternation of nonequilibrium. Possible practical applications of the observed effect are discussed. Pis’ma Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 25, 29–38 (August 26, 1999)     

Regular regime for a hollow cylinder heated at its inner surface

The initial stage of the regular regime is analyzed. The features found in the evolution of this stage may be useful in research on thermal physics.     

Thermal field on the surface of a material heated by a laser pulse in a narrow ring of illumination

Based on a solution of the problem of the temperature effect of instantaneous heat sources uniformly distributed in a thin plane ring on the boundary of a semünfinite body and different approximations of that solution, we constructed a dynamic model of a thermal field on the surface of a material heated by a laser pulse in a narrow ring of illumination. Scientific Center for Opticophysical Investigations Moscow. Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 69, No. 1, pp. 55–64, January–February, 1996.     

Thermal vacuum integrated system test at B-2

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Glenn Research Center (GRC) Plum Brook Station (PBS) Space Propulsion Research Facility, commonly referred to as B-2, is NASA’s third largest thermal vacuum facility. It is the largest designed to store and transfer large quantities of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, and is perfectly suited to support developmental testing of chemical propulsion systems as well as fully integrated stages. The facility is also capable of providing thermal-vacuum simulation services to support testing of large lightweight structures, Cryogenic Fluid Management (CFM) systems, electric propulsion test programs, and other In-Space propulsion programs.A recently completed integrated system test demonstrated the refurbished thermal vacuum capabilities of the facility. The test used the modernized data acquisition and control system to monitor the facility during pump down of the vacuum chamber, operation of the liquid nitrogen heat sink (or cold wall) and the infrared lamp array. A vacuum level of 1.3 × 10^?4 Pa (1 × 10^?6 torr) was achieved. The heat sink provided a uniform temperature environment of approximately 77 K (139°R) along the entire inner surface of the vacuum chamber. The recently rebuilt and modernized infrared lamp array produced a nominal heat flux of 1.4 kW/m² at a chamber diameter of 6.7 m (22 ft) and along 11 m (36 ft) of the chamber’s cylindrical vertical interior. With the lamp array and heat sink operating simultaneously, the thermal systems produced a heat flux pattern simulating radiation to space on one surface and solar exposure on the other surface. The data acquired matched pretest predictions and demonstrated system functionality.     

Non-linear radiation effects on magnetic/non-magnetic nanoparticles with different base fluids over a flat plate

This work investigates the two-dimensional steady convective boundary layer flow and heat transfer of Newtonian/non-Newtonian base fluids with magnetic/non-magnetic nanoparticles over a flat plate which incorporates non-linear thermal radiation and slip effects. We considered magnetite and aluminium oxide as magnetic and non-magnetic nanoparticles suspending inside the two sorts of base fluids specifically Water and Sodium Alginate. For physical significance we analyzed the behavior on non-Newtonian profiles by employing Casson model individually. The particular intrigue lies in looking the impacts of non-linear thermal radiation on the behavior of the flow. The solution of wide class of boundary value problems are facilitated by the change of the partial differential equations administering the flow utilizing similarity transformations into ordinary differential equations. The ODE’s are numerically handled by applying fourth order Runge-Kutta integration scheme in association with shooting procedure. The novel results for the dimensionless velocity and temperature inside the boundary layer are exhibited graphically for various parameters that describe the flow. A graphical demonstration is given for the skin friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number.     

The problem of turbulent natural convection at a vertical impermeable flat surface

An approximate solution is presented for the turbulent natural convection which for a local coefficient of heat transfer yields a function of the form Nu_x Rt (Gr_xPr)^1/3. The solution is in satisfactory agreement with experimental data.     

The radiation of a heat-conducting rod in a vacuum

We consider the solution of the problem dealing with the radiation of a thin long rod in a vacuum. It is demonstrated that under the conditions of a quasi-steady regime (given boundary conditions of the first to third kind) it is possible to avoid the operation of an exact solution for the differential equation.     

Heat transfer on a flat plate immersed in a laminar flow of a heated liquid

The case of one-sided heat transfer to a flat plate immersed in a flow of heated liquid is examined. Equations are obtained for the liquid temperature distribution in the boundary layer, and for the heat flux from the liquid to the wall.     

Thermal flux distribution over the inside surface of a heated tube with a cylindrical groove on the outside

The heat conduction problem is solved for an electrically heated tube with a cylindrical groove on the outside surface. The thermal flux over the inside surface is calculated as a function of the geometrical parameters.Translated from Inzhenerno-Fizicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 22, No. 2, pp. 325–330, February, 1972.     

Thermal measurements at the body surface in a supersonic nitrogen flow

Measurements of the heat flux toward the surface of a body of revolution in a supersonic nitrogen flow with Mach number 4 were carried out. Inside the body, an electromagnetic facility is mounted which generates a gas-discharge plasma between electrodes flush-mounted at the body surface. The plasma rotates around the body surface and significantly influences the supersonic flow. During operation of the electromagnetic facility, the heat flux toward the body surface increases and depends on the direction of the electric current flowing through the plasma. The heat flux was measured by fast-response gradient heat flux sensors based on anisotropic bismuth crystals.     

Nonequilibrium Casimir force on a particle in cold vacuum background near a heated plate

General expressions for a nonequilibrium Casimir force in a stationary situation for the “small particle-plate” system with arbitrary local dielectric properties of materials are obtained for the given particle (T ₁) and plate (T ₂) temperatures and a “cold” (T ₃ = 0) vacuum background over the plate.     

Formation of surface magnetite nanoparticles from iron-exchanged zeolite using microwave radiation

Microwave radiation simplifies synthesis methods by reducing reaction times, requiring fewer materials, and also controlling reaction processes. We have successfully synthesized nanoparticles of iron oxide and zinc oxide coated on zeolite A using microwaves. The radiation assisted in displacing either ferrous or zinc ions from the pre-loaded zeolite network and increasing reaction speed with solution at the interface. Products were characterized by TEM, XRD, VSM, ICP-AES, and fluorescence. We demonstrate the ability of using cation-exchanged zeolites as microreactors to bias reactions onto the zeolite surface. Efficient structure-directed surface reactions are a potential route to making unique supported nanomaterials for applications such as sensors, environmental remediation, and chemical catalysis.