原料电子秤自动破拱秤斗的研究与开发

对玻璃原料在电子秤秤斗内结拱和堵塞的现象进行了理论分析和研究，提出了一种新的秤斗破拱方法。并根据此种方法开发设计了适合在电子秤上使用的自动破拱橡胶秤斗，这种秤斗有比较明显的破拱、防堵塞效果。     

提高自动配料线上玻璃配合料各组分的配料精度

玻璃厂原料混合车间通常采用杠杆秤和振动给料机进行配料。国内外的这类装置在使用中都可能有相当大的误差,造成误差的原因为物料从振动给料机的溜槽下到秤斗中时以及从秤斗向集料皮带放料时发生滑冲。原料水分的波动使这种不利因素的作用更为加强。     

ZPC-4型自动配料秤

一、用途与性能 ZPC-4型多品种自动配料秤是只按一个计量斗连续自动计量2～6种原料后,一次排出。供料集中,节省场地,一台ZPC-4型配料秤取代了2～6台定量秤的实效,该秤用杠杆平衡原理,精度高,恒定机械式程序控制,对温度、湿度以及腐蚀性粉尘等影响均能避免,便于维修。是矿山、化工、建筑等部门连续自动配料之计量设备。     

玻璃配料中粘料问题的解决措施

本文对玻璃配合料制备过程中秤斗、溜子粘料带来的问题进行了分析，提出利用气动锤解决秤斗与溜子的粘料问题，并介绍了气动锤的原理、安装与使用方法。     

日产2000吨新型干法水泥生产线计量装备应用及体会(二)

日产２０００吨新型干法水泥生产线计量装备应用及体会（二）宋玉刚中国建材技术装备总公司自动化处〔接上期〕１．４用于熟料计量的ＢＭＫ型链斗秤熟料计量工艺流程图（见图４）。１－主传动，２－链斗秤，３－链斗式输送机，图４工艺流程图由带压力传感器的秤体、ＩＮＴ...     

掌握玻璃原料流动性能促进行业技术进步

本文扼要介绍了科学表征散状物料流动性能的Jenike方法及作者研制的散状物料流动性能测试仪和测试方法.在杭玻和张玻自动化配料线上,取得了湿砂和纯碱料仓不结拱和不形成管斗,物料畅通的效果.通过对张玻白云石和石灰石粉料的流动性能测定,成功地设计出整体流累计称量秤斗,确保了称量精度.作者还介绍了国际上用散状物料流动性能和重力流动理论研究重力均化仓的概况以及用均化仓原理均化玻璃原料代替混合工序的可能性.     

玻璃原料小剂量物料自动称量技术的开发与应用

介绍了玻璃原料小料秤在选型和设计过程中应该考虑和注意的一些问题,并介绍了玻璃原料小料秤的几种形式。     

微机控制减量法称量配料系统若干错料现象分析

微机控制减量法称量配料系统存在若干错料的危险,如加料时卸料、卸料时加料等,在系统设计中仔细地处理软连接、秤斗及喂料器是避免错料的关键.     

重力翻斗秤的自动启闭装置

一、翻斗秤工作系统介绍若某工艺要求对n种物料进行重量配比,则可装设n台翻斗秤,且利用各自的给料机械往秤斗中装料。当各自达到要求的重量时,磅秤的秤杆则抬起,使装入秤杆位置的微动开关动作,从而使该秤的给料机械停止给料。一俟n组份物料均达要求重量时,则通过电气连锁机构,同时使n台秤的牵引电磁铁吸上,利用机械自锁机构将底卸式料门打开进行卸料。由     

一种简易斗式配料秤控制电路的改进

《水泥》1987年第12期发表了《介绍一种斗式秤的控制电路》一文,文中所介绍的控制电路,确实具有许多优点。但是,该电路缺少保险和报警功能,其次使用微动开关作机电信号转换元件也不够理想。为此,在原电路基础上增加几个元件使其具有保险和故障报警功能,并介绍一种使用LJ型无触点接近开关的辅助电路。用没有保险和报警功能的控制电路制作的斗式秤,容易造成如下质量事故:一是某一斗长时间满料(如某一斗闸门打不开或电磁铁烧毁),给程序控制电路提供一个假信号,当其     

Design of a Cost‐Reduced Flexible Plant for Supercritical Fluid‐Assisted Applications

A novel batch plant for supercritical CO₂ applications is proposed which is not equipped with expensive components, such as high‐pressure pumps, making it particularly suitable for bench‐scale use. For the first time, the use of a hanging scale is suggested to weigh the amount of CO₂ required for the experiment and the use of the thermodynamics to reach the working conditions. The rig is able to cover different applications, e.g., aerogel drying, impregnation, and extraction, showing high flexibility. An approximate cost analysis has been performed considering as a reference a 150‐mL vessel. It has been calculated that both the setup and running costs are considerably lower than the common batch and semicontinuous rigs.     

A Mathematic Model for Direct Causticization of Na2CO3 with TiO2 in a Semi‐batch Reactor

A mathematic model was developed for direct causticization of sodium carbonate with titanium dioxide in a semi‐batch reactor. The model predictions of the titanate yield and pentatitanate yield showed a reasonable agreement with the experimental data from a pilot‐scale fluidized bed operating in semi‐batch mode. The rate constant of the present model was generally consistent with those obtained from the small‐scale batch experiments in the literature. A new rate constant considering carbonate conversion to pentatitanate was introduced. All the results provided support that the solid‐state direct causticization of sodium carbonate with titanium dioxide in a semi‐batch fluidized bed follows the shrinking‐core diffusion model.     

Analysis and simulation of the sludge profile dynamics in a full‐scale clarifier

A one‐dimensional clarifier model was assessed for its capability to describe dynamic full‐scale sludge concentration profiles by using the settling properties calibrated with batch settling curve data collected by a SettloMeter^®. These sludge concentration profiles and batch settling tests formed part of a detailed one‐month measuring campaign on a full‐scale wastewater treatment plant; the measurements showed a daily variation in settling properties. Using the settling properties obtained from batch settling tests and a one‐dimensional model without dispersion, the dynamics of the full‐scale clarifier were analysed and the need for dispersion clearly shown. The parameters of the dispersion model were estimated from the full‐scale sludge concentration profiles. The settling properties of activated sludge can be automatically determined by fitting the model to the on‐line batch settling curve measurements and are needed as input to the one‐dimensional model. This model can therefore be used for operation and control. The dispersion model parameters have to be determined from dynamic sludge concentration profiles but are assumed to be constant for a specific clarifier. Copyright © 2005 Society of Chemical Industry     

Influence of shear on particle size and fractal dimension of whey protein precipitates: implications for scale-up and centrifugal clarification efficiency

Whey protein fractionation was carried out at laboratory scale by applying the required temperature and pH conditions in a standard configuration batch agitated vessel to cause selective precipitation and aggregation of proteins. Scale-up of this operation to pilot scale was achieved on the basis of impeller power input per unit volume resulting in similar particle sizes. Separation was subsequently achieved by high-speed disc-stack centrifugation.Processing of precipitates in pumps, valves and at the centrifuge inlet zone can lead to substantial breakage, depending on the strength of the precipitates formed and aged in the batch vessel. Such turbulent processing was mimicked at lab scale by passing the precipitate solution through a ball-valve rig while monitoring the effects on particle size and fractal geometry. Measurement of fractal dimension were used to assess the compactness of precipitates. Precipitates subjected to higher batch vessel impeller shear-rates during formation and ageing were found to be smaller, more compact and better able to resist turbulent breakage and thus should provide better feed-stock for disc-stack centrifugation at pilot scale. Clarification efficiency curves obtained for pilot-scale disc-stack centrifugation confirmed these lab-scale predictions. Recommendations for improved process design in terms of selecting suitable batch vessel shear-rates that ultimately lead to improved separation efficiencies have been made.     

Modeling and simulation for acrylamide polymerization of super absorbent polymer

In view of the scale up of a batch reactor for super absorbent polymer (SAP), a dynamic mathematical model of a commercial scale batch reactor was developed with mass balance, energy balance, and complex polymerization kinetics. The kinetic parameters of the polymerization were estimated on the basis of the established mathematical model and reference data. Simulation results were validated with less than 10% marginal error compared with reference data. A case study was executed in terms of dynamic simulation for eight different initial concentrations of initiator and monomer to analyze the influence of initial concentration and predict the operation condition for desired product. The results were compared with various reference data, and good agreement was achieved. From the results, we argue that the methodology and results from this study can be used for the scale up of a polymerization batch reactor from the early stage of design.     

一种改进的顺序型多目的间歇工厂生产调度的MILP模型

分析了顺序型多目的工厂间歇生产的特点,建立了一种新的混合整数线性规划（MILP）模型.该模型以操作活动序列作为建模的依据,将整个间歇生产过程分解成若干个子系统.在对各子系统建模的基础上,实现了顺序型多目的工厂间歇调度的全局性优化.并通过算例验证了该模型求解结果的正确性和可行性.然后将新模型运用到更大规模的调度问题上,均求解出了有效的调度方案.     

间歇过程动态SDG建模

目前用于间歇过程的SDG建模方式不能达到计算机辅助HAZOP的要求,本文在现有SDG-HAZOP理论基础上提出了面对间歇过程的动态SDG建模理论,并详细阐述了如何运用SDG对间歇过程进行建模的思路和方法,并运用该方法对一个煤制油流程的除灰工序进行建模和分析,同时解决了间歇过程SDG建模的模型接续性与故障和危险覆盖面最大化两方面问题。     

Modeling and simulation of the sequencing batch reactor at a full‐scale municipal wastewater treatment plant

In this work, we attempted to modify the Activated Sludge Model No.3 and to simulate the performance of a full‐scale sequencing batch reactor (SBR) plant for municipal wastewater treatment. The long‐term dynamic data from the continuous operation of this SBR plant were simulated. The influent wastewater composition was characterized using batch measurements. After incorporating all the relevant processes, the sensitivity of the stoichiometric and kinetic coefficients for the model was thoroughly analyzed prior to the model calibration. The modified model was calibrated and validated with the data from both batch‐ and full‐scale experiments. Model predictions were compared with routine data in terms of chemical oxygen demand, NH₄⁺‐N and mixed liquid volatile suspended solids in the SBR, combined with batch experimental data under different conditions. The model predictions match the experimental results well, demonstrating that the model is appropriate to simulate the performance of a full‐scale wastewater treatment plant even operated under perturbation conditions. © 2009 American Institute of Chemical Engineers AIChE J, 2009     

The removal of radioactive caesium contaminants from simple aqueous solutions

Cs ions can be removed from aqueous solutions by forming a precipitate of copper ferrocyanide which, having occluded the Cs ions, can in turn be floated by means of an anionic collector. Collection was achieved with either α-sulphopalmitic acid or sodium dodecyl sulphate depending on what interfering ions were initially present in the solution. Recoveries of 98–99% were obtained on batch scale experiments and 97.5–98.5% on continuous scale operation. The investigations of the flotation parameters of pH, gas-rate, concentrations of precipitating reagents and collector, as well as the interference effects of other ions are discussed. Using data obtained in batch scale tests, continuous scale experiments were designed and operated.     

三氯化磷装置间歇工艺标定及技术分析

对三氯化磷装置间歇工艺进行标定,结果表明:装置运行平稳,产品品质合格,生产能力接近设计水平,但受间歇工艺条件的限制,通氯速度慢,物料单耗偏高.利用通用流程模拟软件Aspen plus模拟三氯化磷连续生产过程,并与间歇工艺进行对比,结果表明:采用连续工艺后,可减小回流比、降低冷凝器的热负荷、增大通氯速度、提高生产能力,反...