间苯二甲酸改性共聚酯结晶性能的研究

分析了改性聚酯等温度结晶行为，结果表明改性共聚酯符合Avrami方程，间苯二甲酸的加入降低了共聚酯的结晶速率。     

聚酰胺酯结晶行为研究

利用差式扫描量热法对聚酰胺酯进行结晶行为分析。结果表明:与常规PET相比,聚酰胺酯玻璃化温度、冷结晶温度、熔点、熔融结晶温度均较低,同时其熔融结晶速率也较慢;且随着共聚酯中聚酰胺成分的增加,玻璃化温度、熔点、熔融结晶温度逐渐降低并呈现一定的变化关系;在相同结晶温度下,聚酰胺成分增加,共聚酯半结晶周期t_(1/2)增加,结晶随之变慢。     

差示扫描量热法鉴别轮胎中的纤维骨架材料

研究通过差示扫描量热法对聚酯PET、锦纶66、锦纶6、芳纶、芳纶/锦纶66复合帘线和人造丝的两种热效应（结晶和热裂解）进行测定来鉴别各纤维骨架材料的方法。结果表明：聚酯PET、锦纶66和锦纶6可通过结晶温度的不同进行鉴别;芳纶和人造丝可通过热裂解温度的不同进行鉴别;对于芳纶/锦纶66复合帘线,锦纶66占比与其结晶焓之间的线性关系良好,可进行复合帘线中锦纶66的定量分析。     

聚(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-co-对苯二甲酸异山梨醇酯)等温结晶行为研究

以对苯二甲酸(PTA)、乙二醇(EG)、异山梨醇(ISB)为原料,通过直接熔融缩聚法合成聚(对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯-co-对苯二甲酸异山梨醇酯)(PEIT)共聚酯。利用差示扫描量热法(DSC)研究了共聚酯的结晶行为,采用Avrami方程分析了共聚酯的等温结晶动力学。结果表明,PEIT共聚酯结晶行为受共聚组成和结晶温度影响。随着ISB用量的增加或结晶温度的降低,共聚酯半结晶周期t1/2增加、结晶速率变慢;ISB摩尔分数超过20%,共聚酯无法结晶。     

改善瓶用聚酯结晶性能的方法

提出了几种通过共聚改性提高聚酯冷结晶温度的方法,同时探索了缩聚工艺条件对聚酯结晶性能的影响,实验结果表明,通过降低缩聚初期的温度,可显著减慢聚酯的结晶速度。     

改善瓶用聚酯结晶性能的方法

提出了几种通过共聚改性提高聚酯冷结晶温度的方法,同时探索了缩聚工艺条件对聚酯结晶性能的影响.实验结果表明,通过降低缩聚初期的温度,可显著减慢聚酯的结晶速度.     

不同催化体系所得聚酯的等温结晶研究

用DSC法对三氧化二锑 (Sb2 O3)、氟钛酸钾 (K2 TiF6 )、钛酸四丁酯 (Ti(OC4 H9) 4)及乙二醇锑(S -2 4) 4种催化体系所得聚酯进行等温结晶研究 ,求得了结晶速率常数 (k)和Avrami指数 (n)。结果表明 ,锑系催化剂所得聚酯的结晶速度总体大于钛系催化剂所得聚酯 ,其中以Sb2 O3催化所得聚酯结晶速度最快 ,而Ti(OC4 H9) 4催化所得聚酯结晶速度最慢。DTA结果表明锑系催化剂所得聚酯冷结晶温度低于钛系催化剂所得聚酯 ,与结晶速度测试结果相一致。     

不同分子质量阻燃共聚酯的非等温结晶动力学

为了探究分子质量和共聚结构对阻燃共聚酯结晶动力学的影响,采用差示扫描量热仪对不同分子质量的阻燃共聚酯进行非等温结晶测试,并进行结晶动力学分析.结果表明:在聚酯中通过共聚反应引入共聚阻燃结构单元后,共聚酯的熔点降低,降温过程中的起始结晶温度和结晶峰温降低,分子质量较大的阻燃共聚酯的结晶温度有所下降,但这种影响并不明显;阻...     

熔融条件对尼龙612TPU共混物中尼龙结晶行为的影响

用DSC研究了熔融温度与熔融时间对尼龙612(PA612)/聚酯型热塑性聚氨酯弹性体(TPU)共混体系中PA612结晶行为的影响。不同的熔融温度和熔融时间对PA612/TPU的结晶行为影响表明,在相同的熔融温度条件下,PA612的结晶峰温度随着熔融时间的延长向低温方向移动,结晶峰温度和结晶焓值逐渐降低,结晶峰逐渐变宽;在相同的熔融时间条件下,PA612的结晶峰温度随着熔融温度的提高向低温方向移动,结晶峰温度按200℃220℃240℃降低。     

IPA改性的瓶级聚酯热性能分析

在瓶级PET中添加IPA改性的方法改善高黏度瓶级PET的流动性。通过过差示扫描量热仪(DSC)对加入IPA的改性聚酯的非等温结晶行为进行研究。结果表明:IPA的加入会对聚酯分子的规整性受到一定的破坏,导致结晶能力下降;熔点、结晶温度、玻璃化温度下降。非等温结晶动力学研究表明,Jeziorny方法可以很好地分析加入IPA的聚酯的非等温结晶过程。     

Crystallization and melting behavior of polyester/clay nanocomposites

Polyester/clay nanocomposites were prepared by melt compounding with different clay loadings. Comparing against neat polyester resins, the crystallization and multiple melting behavior of the nanocomposites was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). Nanoclay filler is an effective heterogeneous nucleating agent, as evidenced by a decrease and an increase in the crystallization temperature for both cold and melt crystallization of polyesters, respectively. The degree of crystallinity was found to increase with increasing clay content, due to heterogeneous nucleation effects by the addition of a nanofiller. For the annealed samples, multiple melting peaks were always observed for both neat polyester and its nanocomposites. The origins of the multiple melting behavior are discussed, based on the DSC and XRD results. Interestingly, an ‘abnormal’ high‐temperature endothermic peak (T_{m, 3}) at about 260 °C was observed when the nanocomposite samples were annealed at higher temperatures (eg ≥240 °C). The constrained polyester crystals formed within intercalated clay platelets due to confinement effects were probably responsible for this melting event at these higher temperatures. Copyright © 2004 Society of Chemical Industry     

结晶性低熔点共聚酯的制备与性能研究

通过DMT法合成了结晶性低熔点共聚酯,采用差式扫描量热法(DSC)研究了共聚酯体系的热性能和结晶性能。结果表明:加入的间苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMI)和1,4-丁二醇(BDO)在降低共聚酯熔点的同时可使共聚酯保持一定的结晶度;非等温结晶动力学分析可知共聚酯结晶存在二次结晶阶段,球晶接近三维生长,在一定降温速率下共聚酯的结晶能力越往后越困难。     

Influence of Temperature and Time on Isothermal Crystallization of Poly-L-lactide

The thermal behavior of poly-L-lactide (PLLA) isothermal crystallization upon cooling from the melt was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and polarizing microscope (POM) by changing the crystallization temperature and time. It was indicated that 110°C should be a critical temperature for PLLA melting crystallization. The melting point of crystallized PLLA discontinuously changed with crystallization temperature, increased with temperature, but decreased at about 110°C, and thereafter again increased with higher crystallization temperatures. At 110°C a multiple endothermic peak was observed. PLLA crystals of higher perfection form when crystallized under higher temperature, which reflects the effects of high chain mobility in higher temperatures. During isothermal crystallization, PLLA crystallites become increasingly perfect, and thicken with prolonged time, leading to an increasing melting point.     

Modification of the thermal properties and crystallization behaviour of poly(ethylene terephthalate) by copolymerization

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is a widely used polyester, which can be crystallized from the melt over a wide range of supercooling conditions or, alternatively, quenched into the amorphous state and, subsequently, crystallized by thermal treatment above the glass‐transition temperature. It is well known that the crystallization of PET can be hindered by means of copolymerization or reactive blending. The incorporation of comonomeric units into the polymer backbone leads to an irregular chain structure and thereby inhibits regular chain packing for crystallization. The crystallization of PET copolyesters is strongly influenced by the chain microstructure regarding comonomer distribution, randomness and length of the crystallizable ethylene terephthalate sequences. This paper is mainly devoted to the thermally induced crystallization behaviour of PET and to reviewing the efforts that have been made in the last decade to modify the glass‐transition and melting temperatures, the crystallinity and the crystallization rate of this polyester. Furthermore, some illustrative experimental data obtained from isothermal and non‐isothermal crystallization of PET are included in this study. © 2003 Society of Chemical Industry     

熔融条件对聚醚醚酮结晶熔融行为的影响

用ＤＳＣ法研究了熔融温度和熔融时间对聚醚醚酮地晶熔融行为的影响。实验表明，聚醚醚酮的结晶峰随熔融延长向高温移动，且峰形变窄，峰的强度增大，继续延长熔融时间，结晶峰降低，峰形变宽；熔融时间延长时，聚醚醚酮的玻璃化转变温度和冷结晶峰温度均提高，熔融峰强度减弱。熔融温度升高时，聚醚醚酮的结晶峰强度减弱，峰宽增强；而冷结晶温度提高。     

低熔点聚酰胺的结晶和熔融行为

采用差示扫描量热法和X射线衍射法对低熔点聚酰胺的结晶和熔融行为进行研究,考察了共聚单体、等温结晶温度和时间对样品结晶和熔融行为的影响。结果表明:经等温结晶后的样品再次升温时,均出现了双熔融峰,且随等温结晶温度的升高或时间的延长,低温熔融峰向高温方向移动,而高温熔融峰则基本不变。等温结晶温度80℃时,两种样品的熔融焓值均较大,并且随结晶时间的延长会变大。X射线衍射结果表明:随着结晶温度的升高或时间的延长,衍射峰变得尖锐,样品的结晶度增大。添加了十二烷基二胺的切片B比添加癸二胺的切片A具有更好的结晶能力,比较适合纺丝加工。     

Crystallization and melting behavior in syndiotactic polypropylene: Origin of multiple melting phenomenon

The melting behavior of syndiotactic polypropylene (s‐PP) after isothermal crystallization from the melt state was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and wide‐angle X‐ray diffraction (WAXD) techniques. Three melting endotherms were observed for isothermal crystallization at high degrees of undercooling. The minor endotherm, located closed to the corresponding crystallization temperature, was postulated to be the melting of the secondary crystallites formed at the crystallization temperature. The low‐temperature melting peak was found to be the melting of the primary crystallites formed, and the high‐temperature melting peak was a result of the melting of the crystallites recrystallized during a heating scan. The triple‐melting behavior observed in subsequent melting endotherms of s‐PP was therefore described as contributions from melting of the secondary crystallites and their recrystallization, partial melting of the less stable fraction of the primary crystallites and their recrystallization, melting of the primary crystallites, and remelting of the recrystallized crystallites formed during the heating scan. In addition, determination of the equilibrium melting temperature for this s‐PP resin according to the linear and nonlinear Hoffman–Weeks extrapolations provided values of 143.1 and 185.6°C, respectively. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 82: 1083–1097, 2001     

氧化钛对含钛不锈钢连铸保护渣性能的影响

针对含钛不锈钢连铸过程结晶器液渣层中TiO2含量明显增加的问题,以配制的含钛保护渣研究了TiO2对不同碱度保护渣的结晶温度、熔化温度、粘度和凝固温度的影响. 结果表明,碱度为0.85时,4.5%的TiO2使渣的结晶温度降低,继续增加TiO2含量,结晶温度不再变化;碱度为1时,随TiO2含量增加,结晶温度先降低后升高,TiO2含量12%时,结晶温度显著升高主要是钙钛矿高温析出造成的. TiO2在0~12%范围增加时,提高了保护渣的熔化温度,降低了保护渣的粘度和凝固温度.     

Thermal properties and isothermal crystallization of syndiotactic polypropylenes: Differential scanning calorimetry and overall crystallization kinetics

Isothermal crystallization and subsequent melting behavior of five samples of syndiotactic polypropylene are presented. Crystallization studies were carried out in the temperature range of 60°C to 97.5°C using a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). Subsequent DSC scans of isothermally crystallized samples exhibited double melting endotherms. The high melting peak was concluded to be the result of the melting of crystals formed by recrystallization during the reheating process. Overall crystallization kinetics was studied based on the traditional Avrami analysis. Analysis of crystallization times based on the modified growth rate theory suggested that, within the crystallization temperature range studied, the syndiotactic polypropylenes crystallize in regime III. Kinetic crystallizability parameters also were evaluated, and were found to be in the range of 0.41°C s⁻¹ to 2.14°C s⁻¹. © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 75: 44–59, 2000     

Melting and crystallization behavior of PA1010/TPU blends

PA1010/TPU blends were prepared by melt blending. The melting, crystallization behavior, and isothermal crystallization kinetics were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results showed that the DSC thermograms of blend samples exhibit double melting peaks. With increasing the TPU content, the position of the double melting peaks shifted to a lower temperature, and the total heat of fusion decreased. With increasing the heating rates, the position of the lower melting peak shifted to a higher temperature, while the position of the higher melting peak shifted to a lower temperature; however, the total heat of fusion remained almost constant. With prolonging the annealing time and increasing the crystallization temperature, the position of the lower melting peak shifted to a higher temperature, while the position of the higher melting peak almost did not change; however, the total heat of fusion increased. The addition of TPU could promote the crystallization of PA1010 but not affect the crystallization mechanism. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 94: 839–844, 2004