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凝固浴质量分数对聚醚砜中空纤维膜结构和性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
采用干喷湿纺法纺制成聚醚砜中空纤维膜,研究了凝固浴质量分数与PES中空纤维结构和性能之间的关系。结果表明:在凝固浴质量分数10%~40%的范围内,中空纤维膜的水通量先减少再增加;中空纤维的取向度则先增大后减小;膜表面孔的数量及孔径都有一个先减后增的现象。 相似文献
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聚醚砜中空纤维膜的成形条件与形态结构研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用扫描电镜探讨经双向拉伸聚醚砜(PES)中空纤维膜的纺制工艺条件与结构之间的关系。在膜的中部通入填充液,随着填充液压力的增大,中空纤维膜的壁厚明显减小,同时纤维膜表面的孔明显增多。随着凝固浴质量分数的增加,中空纤维膜表面的孔径先减小后增大,而中空纤维膜接近外表面的皮层逐渐变厚。随着凝固浴拉伸率的提高,中空纤维膜在外径不变的情况下壁厚减小,内表面积增加;纤维变薄而且更为致密。 相似文献
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制备了聚醚砜(PES)中空纤维膜,并研究了外凝固浴组成对膜水通量的影响。结果表明,纯水通量随外凝固浴中二甲基乙酰胺(DMAc)含量提高而增加。 相似文献
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《现代化工》2016,(7)
以YSZ粉末、聚醚砜(PES)、N,N-二甲基吡咯烷酮(NMP)为原料,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)为添加剂,NMP与水的混合溶液为芯液,自来水为外凝固液,利用相转化法制备了中空纤维陶瓷膜,并研究了PVP质量、芯液组成、涂膜次数对中空纤维陶瓷膜结构和性能的影响。结果表明:随着PVP质量的增加,中空纤维陶瓷膜的抗弯强度逐渐增加,孔隙率与水通量逐渐减小;随着芯液中NMP质量分数的减小,膜的抗弯强度逐渐增强,其水通量和透气率逐渐减小,膜的管壁逐渐变厚;随着涂膜次数的增加,中空纤维陶瓷膜的抗弯强度随之增大,透气率随之减小,修饰层逐渐变厚,膜外表面的孔径和孔数逐渐减少,膜外表面变得越来越致密。 相似文献
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PVPK30和Tween80对中空纤维超滤膜结构和性能的影响 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过考察添加剂-聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVPK30)和Tween80对杂萘联苯聚醚砜酮(PPESK)中空纤维超滤膜结构和分离性能的影响,发现:随高分子添加剂聚乙烯吡咯烷酮K30浓度的升高,膜水通量减小,截留率基本无变化,膜结构逐渐由指状结构转变成海绵状结构。有机大分子添加剂Tween80可以提高膜的水通量,但膜结构不随添加剂浓度而改变,均为指状结构。当Tween80浓度小于5wt%时,随Tween80浓度的增加,膜水通量升高,截留率下降。比较不同凝胶浴温度下的膜分离性能可以看到,凝胶浴温度提高可以显著提升膜的纯水通量。 相似文献
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凝固条件对PAN初生纤维微孔结构形态的影响 总被引:6,自引:5,他引:1
采用一维多取向小角X射线散射研究了聚丙烯腈细流在凝固过程中,凝固浴温度、浓度以及喷丝头拉伸比对初生纤维中微孔结构形态的影响。结果表明,凝固温度由30%提高到60℃时,微孔沿纤维轴取向增强,微孔尺寸减小,但微孔数量增加;凝固浴质量分数由67.5%升高到76.0%,微孔数量减少,但微孔尺寸变大,微孔沿纤维轴取向减弱;喷丝头拉伸比为-36.7%-10%时,微孔尺寸和取向角都增大。在凝固浴温度为52-55℃,凝固浴质量分数为70%,选择负拉伸能得到性能优异的初生纤维。 相似文献
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The jet stretch of wet‐spun PAN fiber and its effects on the cross‐section shape and properties of fibers were investigated for the PAN‐DMSO‐H2O system. Evidently, the spinning parameters, such as dope temperature, bath concentration, and bath temperature, influenced the jet stretch. Also, under uniform conditions, the postdrawing ratio changed as well as that of jet stretch. When coagulation temperature was 35°C simultaneously with bath concentration of 70%, jet stretch impacted obviously the cross‐section shapes of PAN fiber, but had little effect when the temperature was below 10°C or above 70°C. As the jet stretch ratio increased, the crystallinity, crystal size, sonic orientation, and mechanical properties of the as‐spun fiber changed rapidly to a major value for jet stretch ratio of 0.9 where the cross section of as‐spun fiber was circular. With further increasing of jet stretch ratio, the properties changed slightly but the fiber shape was not circular. The results indicated that appropriate jet stretch, under milder formation conditions in wet‐spinning, could result in the higher postdrawing ratio and circular profile of PAN fiber, which were helpful to produce round PAN precursor with minor titer and perfect properties for carbon fiber. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007 相似文献
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This study examined the spinning of polyurethane‐based elastomeric fibers with the dry‐jet‐wet spinning method. The three important spinning variables that were chosen were the coagulation bath ratio (dimethylformamide/water), the bath temperature, and the stretch ratio. A three‐variable factorial design method, proposed by Box and Behnken, was used to optimize these process parameters. The spinning process was further fine‐tuned by the variation of the stretch ratio and the dope solid content. The effect of the dry‐jet length on the fiber properties was also studied. The tenacity and elastic recovery properties of the fibers were found to be optimum at a bath ratio (dimethylformamide/water) of 60 : 40, a bath temperature of 15°C, and a stretch ratio of 2.5. The density and sonic modulus were measured to determine the effect of varying the process variables on structural parameters such as the density and orientation. The surface morphological features, as revealed by scanning electron microscopy, were correlated to the fiber properties. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010 相似文献
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含中草药成分的纤维制备与性能研究Ⅰ.柿叶/纤维素共混纤维的制备及力学性能 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
以二甲基亚砜(DMSO)/多聚甲醛(PF)为溶剂,添加柿叶活性成分,应用湿法纺丝技术,制得含柿叶提取物的再生纤维素纤维。研究了纺丝原液浓度、凝固浴温度、柿叶添加量对共混纤维的力学性能的影响。结果表明,当纺丝原液质量分数在10%-12%,凝固浴温度在40-50℃,柿叶提取物质量分数在5%左右,纤维具有较好的可纺性,柿叶的添加使共混纤维的结晶度、取向度、强度均有一定程度的下降。DSC测试表明柿叶与纤维素之间有较好的相容性。 相似文献