Al in computer games: Survey and perspectives

Computer games have traditionally implemented empirical solutions to many Al problems and are now turning to more traditional Al algorithms. After introducing the role of Al in gameplay, we review the main techniques used in current computer games such as Finite-State Transition Networks, rule-based systems and search algorithms. We describe the implementation of Al in several commercial computer games, as well as academic research in Al targeting computer games applications. We conclude this review by discussing future trends and proposing research directions.     

From risk factors to detection and intervention: a practical proposal for future work on cyberbullying

While there is an increasing flow of media stories reporting cases of cyberbullying, particularly within online social media, research efforts in the academic community are scattered over different topics across the social science and computer science academic disciplines. In this work, we explored research pertaining to cyberbullying, conducted across disciplines. We mainly sought to understand scholarly activity on intelligence techniques for the detection of cyberbullying when it occurs. Our findings suggest that the vast majority of academic contributions on cyberbullying focus on understanding the phenomenon, risk factors, and threats, with the prospect of suggesting possible protection strategies. There is less work on intelligence techniques for the detection of cyberbullying when it occurs, while currently deployed algorithms seem to detect the problem only up to some degree of success. The article summarises the current trends aiming to encourage discussion and research with a new scope; we call for more research tackling the problem by leveraging statistical models and computational mechanisms geared to detect, intervene, and prevent cyberbullying. Coupling intelligence techniques with specific web technology problems can help combat this social menace. We argue that a multidisciplinary approach is needed, with expertise from human–computer interaction, psychology, computer science, and sociology, for current challenges to be addressed and significant progress to be made.     

An Overview of 3D Software Visualization

Software visualization studies techniques and methods for graphically representing different aspects of software. Its main goal is to enhance, simplify and clarify the mental representation a software engineer has of a computer system. During many years, visualization in 2D space has been actively studied, but in the last decade, researchers have begun to explore new 3D representations for visualizing software. In this article, we present an overview of current research in the area, describing several major aspects like: visual representations, interaction issues, evaluation methods and development tools. We also perform a survey of some representative tools to support different tasks, i.e., software maintenance and comprehension, requirements validation and algorithm animation for educational purposes, among others. Finally, we conclude identifying future research directions.     

The narrowing-driven approach to functional logic program specialization

Partial evaluation is a semantics-based program optimization technique which has been investigated within different programming paradigms and applied to a wide variety of languages. Recently, a partial evaluation framework for functional logic programs has been proposed. In this framework, narrowing—the standard operational semantics of integrated languages—is used to drive the partial evaluation process. This paper surveys the essentials of narrowing-driven partial evaluation. Elvira Albert, Ph.D.: She is an associate professor in Computer Science at the Technical University of Valencia, Spain. She received her bachelors degree in computer science in 1998 and her Ph.D. in computer science in 2001, both from the Technical University of Valencia. She has investigated on program optimization and on partial evaluation for declarative multi-paradigm programming languages. Her current research interests include term rewriting, multi-paradigm declarative programming, and formal methods, in particular semantics-based program analysis, transformation, specification, verification, and debugging. Germán Vidal, Ph.D.: He is an associate professor in Computer Science at the Technical University of Valencia, Spain. He obtained his bachelors degree in computer science in 1992 and his Ph.D. in computer science in 1996, both from the Technical University of Valencia. He is active on several research topics in Functional Logic Programming. He has worked on compositionality, on abstract interpretation, and on program transformation techniques for functional logic programs. Currently, his research interests include declarative multi-paradigm programming languages, term rewriting, and semantics-based program manipulation, in particular partial evaluation.     

一种新型的P2P信息检索系统性能评估方法

对等计算作为学术界和工业界的关注焦点,其在实践中的重要应用主要是信息资源共享.但随着对等计算信息检索系统的广泛应用,如何对其进行客观公正的评价,确定有效、实用的评估标准已迫在眉睫.于是,在以上趋势背景下,文章经过详细研究分析对等计算的信息共享系统后,指出目前P2P信息检索系统面临的实现机制和关键技术问题.之后,经过认真总结和分析,勾勒出评价系统性能的四项指标体系,提出系统性能评估的CTL定律,这对P2P信息检索系统的评价和开发将具有实际指导意义.同时,在此基础上确定今后对等计算信息检索系统研究工作的重点--关键技术及其相应策略.     

中国图形工程：2001

该文是关于“中国图形工程”年度文献综述系列之七。为了让图形学及其相关领域内的理论研究和开发人员对中国图形学研究进展有一个全面的了解，以及为读者查阅相关文献提供方便，对2001年发表的有关计算机图形学的主要论文根据内容进行了分类和统计，这些学术研究和技术应用论文是从图形学论文发表比较集的11种中文期刊上选取出来的，另外，还介绍了2001年有关的重要会议情况。     

时空行为理解

利用视觉信息了解世界是人类视觉和计算机视觉的共同目标.充分利用客观的时空信息,对场景中感兴趣目标的行为进行理解是近年计算机视觉的一个前沿研究内容.本文对该领域的基本情况、主要概念、研究焦点、典型技术、发展情况给予介绍,以期引起相关研究人员的关注,共同参与相关工作,推动计算机视觉的进展.     

计算机取证技术探讨

随着网络技术的不断发展和普及,计算机犯罪也在不断增加,为解决争议和打击计算机犯罪,计算机取证技术已成当前的重要手段,从而使得计算机取证成为计算机安全领域的一个研究热点和重点。本文介绍了计算机取证技术概念、特点、取证工具和取证局限性,讨论了计算机取证的发展趋势,并详细介绍了反取证技术。     

Designing and evaluating driver support systems with the user in mind

In this editorial to the special issue we first introduce the field of driver support system (DSS) design and evaluation, frame it into the larger context of human–computer interaction research, and highlight some of its specificities. We then proceed to briefly present the selection of articles that compose this issue. Finally, we put the contributions to the special issue into perspective along a number of dimensions to show how they represent the diversity of current DSS research.     

中国图形工程：2000

考虑到国内关于图形学研究及应用的论文分布于多种学术期刊上的特点,为了让图形学领域内的理论研究和开发人员对我国图形学研究进展有一个全面的了解,以及为读者楂阅相关文献提供方便,通过从我国国内2000年发表的有关计算机图形学论文,析出了304篇学术研究和技术应用论文,在根据内容进行分类的基础上撰写了中国图形工程的年度文献综述系列之六。     

Computer vision techniques for construction safety and health monitoring

For construction safety and health, continuous monitoring of unsafe conditions and action is essential in order to eliminate potential hazards in a timely manner. As a robust and automated means of field observation, computer vision techniques have been applied for the extraction of safety related information from site images and videos, and regarded as effective solutions complementary to current time-consuming and unreliable manual observational practices. Although some research efforts have been directed toward computer vision-based safety and health monitoring, its application in real practice remains premature due to a number of technical issues and research challenges in terms of reliability, accuracy, and applicability. This paper thus reviews previous attempts in construction applications from both technical and practical perspectives in order to understand the current status of computer vision techniques, which in turn suggests the direction of future research in the field of computer vision-based safety and health monitoring. Specifically, this paper categorizes previous studies into three groups—object detection, object tracking, and action recognition—based on types of information required to evaluate unsafe conditions and acts. The results demonstrate that major research challenges include comprehensive scene understanding, varying tracking accuracy by camera position, and action recognition of multiple equipment and workers. In addition, we identified several practical issues including a lack of task-specific and quantifiable metrics to evaluate the extracted information in safety context, technical obstacles due to dynamic conditions at construction sites and privacy issues. These challenges indicate a need for further research in these areas. Accordingly, this paper provides researchers insights into advancing knowledge and techniques for computer vision-based safety and health monitoring, and offers fresh opportunities and considerations to practitioners in understanding and adopting the techniques.     

Computer vision needs a core and foundations

I argue that computer vision needs a core of techniques and foundational research to enable it to build on its current successes and achieve its enormous potential.     

开放系统技术的探讨

开放系统是当前计算机界的一大热门话题和技术重点，本文阐述了开放系统技术的主要问题以及当前开放系统发展的现状，意在进一步认识开放系统。     

Variant design for mechanical artifacts: A state-of-the-art survey

Variant design refers, to the technique of adapting existing design specifications to satisfy new design goals and constraints. Specific support of variant design techniques in current computer aided design systems would help to realize a rapid response manufacturing environment. A survey of approaches supporting variant design is presented. Capabilities used in current commercial computer aided design systems are discussed along with approaches used in recent research efforts. Information standards applicable to variant design are also identified. Barriers to variant design in current systems are identified and ideas are presented for augmentation of current systems to support variant design.     

基于内容的视频检索

基于内容的视频检索一直是计算机科学研究的难点问题.从视频结构的分析入手,提出基于内容视频的研究问题、检索方式和评价指标,介绍当今国内外典型的基于内容的检索系统,对存在问题及发展趋势作出总结.     

大规模并行计算机系统并行性能模拟技术研究

性能模拟技术是计算机系统性能评价的重要手段.介绍了面向大规模并行计算机系统以及消息传递应用程序的并行性能模拟技术,总结了相关的关键技术和国内外研究现状.对几个代表性的并行模拟器系统进行了详细介绍.结合并行计算机系统和应用的发展趋势,讨论了未来并行模拟器设计、实现面临的问题和可能的解决方案.     

基于图像的非真实感艺术绘制技术综述

非真实感绘制是计算机图形学和图像处理中一个崭新的课题,属于计算机艺术的范畴,正受到国内外研究者越来越多的重视并取得了一系列的研究成果。首先简要介绍了非真实感绘制的研究意义及其研究范围;然后通过对其中涉及的主要关键算法进行总结分析,并对国内外典型的绘制方法进行比较和分类,阐述了非真实感绘制的主要研究内容;最后对今后的发展方向做出了展望。     

网络取证技术研究

介绍了网络取证的概念、网络证据的特点、与传统静态取证的比较及研究现状,详细分析了数据捕获、数据分析技术、专家系统和数据挖掘技术等在网络取证中的应用,并分析了目前网络取证存在的问题和发展趋势.     

Predicting and precluding problems with memory latency

By examining the rate at which successive generations of processor and DRAM cycle times have been diverging over time, we can track the latency problem of computer memory systems. Our research survey starts with the fundamentals of single-level caches and moves to the need for multilevel cache hierarchies. We look at some of the current techniques for boosting cache performance, especially compiler-based methods for code restructuring and instruction and data prefetching. These two areas will likely yield improvements for a much larger domain of applications in the future     

Review:Image anti-aliasing techniques for Internet visual media processing: a review

Anti-aliasing is a well-established technique in computer graphics that reduces the blocky or stair-wise appearance of pixels. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the anti-aliasing techniques used in computer graphics, which can be classified into two categories: post-filtering based anti-aliasing and pre-filtering based anti-aliasing. We discuss post-filtering based anti-aliasing algorithms through classifying them into hardware anti-aliasing techniques and post-process techniques for deferred rendering. Comparisons are made among different methods to illustrate the strengths and weaknesses of every category. We also review the utilization of anti-aliasing techniques from the first category in different graphic processing units, i.e., different NVIDIA and AMD series. This review provides a guide that should allow researchers to position their work in this important research area, and new research problems are identified.